• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.262-267
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• 2006

The term temporomandibular disorders is used to describe a group of conditions that involve the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and associated structures. Many modalities have been proposed for treating temporomandibular disorders, including medication, physical therapy, occlusal stabilization splints with or without manual repositioning, surgery, and arthrocentesis. Temporomandibular disorders are treated in a step-wise manner. Initially, conservative treatment is used. Depending on the response, more aggressive interventions may be necessary. This usually takes the form of arthrocentesis. Arthrocentesis is used in the treatment of not only acute, closed, and locked TMJs but also various other temporomandibular disorders. Recently, the intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate after arthrocentesis was shown to have long-term palliative effects on TMJ symptoms. Synovial fluid consists of plasma and glycosaminoglycan, including hyaluronic acid derived from synovial cells. Sodium hyaluronate, the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, is a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide and a major component of synovial fluid. This highly viscous substance has analgesic properties, lubricant effects, and anti-inflammatory actions; it causes cartilage formation and plays a role in the nutrition of avascular parts of the disc and condylar cartilage. We conclude that the intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate is effective for treating temporomandibular disorders.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2012년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.5-7
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• 2012

Repeated using carpentry workers work at working tools because of occupational low back pain, such as musculoskeletal disorders, occupational diseases are on the rise. For this purpose, through the analysis of musculoskeletal disorders and work tools and studies are underway to improve the working conditions of the workers. However, existing previous studies may not reflect the working tools used for carpentry worker dies when working at a construction site that Therefore, in this study, the work in the form of construction, one of the jobs of worker dies classified according to the working tools of musculoskeletal disorders correlated to analyze. The results of this study are as follows. working tools of a total of seven different dies used in the installation process. Musculoskeletal disorders, waist / drill such correlation was very strong. Also showed that a total of three of the tools used in the formwork dismantling cutter musculoskeletal disorders of the arm / elbow and a very strong correlation.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.35-48
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to find injurious factors and to propose an improvement plan on workers' musculoskeletal disorders at a bakery workplace through analyzing the symptom, work posture and quantitative estimate. For this study, a survey and ergonomic estimate methods were adopted. According to the survey, it was analyzed that 429 workers corresponding to 68.2% of the response have been experienced the symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders such as an ache, prickle and numbness. The result of QEC analysis shows that shoulder and waist are highly exposed to musculoskeletal disease. The result of RULA analysis shows that injurious factors of muscle, weight and repeated operations are a little higher than those of operation posture. The result of SI estimate shows that pre-treatment of making bread requiring highly repeated operation gets the highest point of 81, on the other hand, chocolate-coating job requiring relatively low speed and short time gets the point of 4.5. Based on the analyzed results, improvement plan to prevent the musculoskeletal disorders against injurious working process of a bakery workplace. The goal of this study is to propose the improved scheme that prevents the workers against musculoskeletal disorders. A questionnaire and an ergonomic assessment method were adopted to analyze the symptoms of workers' musculoskeletal disorders, and an analysis of working postures and a quantitative assessment on various processes were performed to find out harmful factors of workplace.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.341-353
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• 2006

Learning disorders are diagnosed when the individual's achievement on standardized tests in reading, mathematics, or written expression is substantially below that expected for age, schooling, and level of intelligence. Subtypes of learning disorders may be classified into two groups, language-based type learning disorders including reading and writing disorder, and nonverbal type learning disorder (NLD) such as those relating to mathematics & visuospatial skills, and those in the autism spectrum. Converging evidence indicates that reading disorder represents a disorder within the language system and more specifically within a particular subcomponent of that system, phonological processing. Recent advances in neuroimaging technology, particularly the development of fMRI, provide evidences of a neurobiological basis for reading disorder, specifically a disruption of two left hemisphere posterior brain systems, one parieto-temporal, the other occipito-temporal. The former is the reading system for beginner reading, the latter for skilled reading. Compensatory engagement of anterior systems around the inferior frontal gyrus(Broca's area) and a posterior(right occipito-temporal) system is noted in persistent poor readers in long-term follow up study. The theoretical model proposed to explain NLD's source is not right hemisphere damage, but rather the white matter model. The working hypothesis of the white matter model is that the underdevelopment of, damage to, or dysfunction of cerebral white matter(long myelinated fibers) is the source of this disorder. The role of an evidence-based effective intervention in the remediation of children with learning disorder is discussed.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to compare professional (Pro) and non-professional (Non-pro) voice users with voice disorders in self-reporting voice evaluation using Korean-Voice Handicap Index (K-VHI) and Korean-Voice Related Quality of Life (K-VRQOL). In addition, those were compared by voice quality and voice disorder type. 94 Pro and 106 Non-pro were asked to fill out the K-VHI and K-VRQOL, perceptually evaluated on GRBAS scales, and divided into three types of voice disorders (functional, organic and neurologic) by an experienced speech-language pathologist and an otolaryngologist. The results showed that the functional (F) and physical (P) scores of K-VHI in Pro group were significantly higher than those in Non-pro group. As the voice quality evaluated by G scale got worse, the scores of all aspects except emotional (E) of K-VHI and social-emotional (SE) of K-VRQOL were higher. All scores of K-VHI and K-VRQOL in neurologic voice disorders were significantly higher than those in functional and organic voice disorders. In conclusion, professional voice users are more sensitive to their functional and physical handicap resulted by their voice problems and that goes double for the patients with severe and neurologic voice disorders.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2013

Voice disorders are most common in female teachers due to work-related vocal demands; however, only a few studies tried to evaluate individual risk factors with work-related risk factors to diagnose voice disorders. This study evaluated sixty-seven female elementary teachers (36 with voice disorders and 31 without voice disorders) to compare their vocal misuse, overuse, and vocal hygiene behaviors. Total Voice Handicap Index scores and VHI subscale (P, E, F) scores were not significantly different between two groups (p>0.05) and there was no relationship between VHI and acoustic measures (p>0.05). Loud talking, talking in noisy situations, and excessive speaking were significantly more frequent in female teachers with voice disorders (p<0.05) and thereby these overuse and misuse behavioral patterns were identified as risk factors to develop voice disorders in female teachers. Also, hydration was the most common behavior for vocal hygiene when experiencing vocal fatigue; however, hydration with hot green tea or coffee and throat clearing were often misused for vocal hygiene. This study found that female teachers from both groups presented higher voice handicap regardless of voice disorders. This study suggests a multidimensional voice assessment protocol is required to reflect voice problems in teachers and a vocal education program may be important to improve vocal hygiene knowledge and behavioral changes in female teachers.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.208-216
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effectiveness of Soshiho-tang on the patients who suffered from atopic dermatitis with gastrointestinal disorders.Methods : We diagnosed the symptoms and the signs of the patients who suffered from atopic dermatitis with gastrointestinal disorders as Soshiho-tang syndrome(嘔而發熱) according to 'Treatise on Cold Damage Disease(傷寒論)'. Patients are treated only with Soshiho-tang. The severity of Atopic dermatitis was evaluated by SCORAD index, visual analogue scale(VAS) and pictures. Gastrointestinal disorders(mainly food allergy, indigestion) were evaluated by patients' subjective complaint.Results : After the treatment, not only the severity of atopic dermatitis but gastrointestinal disorders were also improved.Conclusions : Soshiho-tang has improved the symptoms of Atopic dermatitis with gastrointestinal disorders in this study.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2000

Objectives : This study is to applied effectively to the acupuncture treatment for disorders following whiplash injuries. Methods : This study suggests five various ways and principtes of treating disorders following whiplash injuries by means of acupuncture. First principle is that acupuncture treatment is carried out on acupoint far from cervical spine at acute stage, on the other hand, Extraordinary Vessel and other acupuncture treatment such as five element acupuncture treatment is applied at chronic stage in order to control balance disoders due to cervical pathology. Second is acupuncture treatment will be performed in group of three part of Meridian System-Yangmyung, Taeyang, Soyang-according to cervical kinetic, its characteristic and location of pain. Third is acupuncture treatment could be performed on basis of theory of Eohyel-disorders and disturbance of blood circulation. Fourth is to decrease tension of SCM muscle, because disorders following whiplash injuries has much association to injury of CM muscle and is simillar to tension syndroms of SCM muscle. fifth is taping therapy could control and decrease disorders following whiplash injuries based on spiral balance taping theory. Conclusions : These results suggest that acupuncture treatment for disorders following whiplash injuries will significally decrease pain and control syndrom caused by cervical disorder.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2007

In shipbuilding industry, musculoskeletal disorders increase rapidly since 2001. Musculoskeletal disorders was occurred the number of 735 in 2003 and the number of 479 on the whole in 2002 and is increased. About this, it is in progress actively that a lot of research services for problem grasping and technology seminar for prevention of musculoskeletal disorders of shipbuilding industry with KOSHIPA (The Korea Shipbuilding Association) in the center in 2002. But, it is actuality that the research is in many difficulties by absence of basic data in shipbuilding industry that most un-standardization work forms. Therefore, this study analyzed present condition of musculoskeletal disorders to shipbuilding industry that most un-standardization work forms. Also, we analyzed on the subject of the Centering-work that appearance extremely much musculoskeletal disorders.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop the day hospital program for Korean eating disorders patients and to examine the effect of the day hospital program on improving frequency of binging and purging, eating disorders symptoms, self-esteem, and depression. Method: The subjects were 24 binge eaters visited at eating disorders clinic 'M'. They participated in a modified day hospital program based on the Toronto Day Hospital Program. All subjects completed the Eating Disorders Inventory(EDI)-2, Rosenberg Self-Eesteem Scale, Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) at pre and post intervention, and recorded daily food records. Results: In paired t-test analysis, frequency of binging and purging, self-esteem, depression, and 11 sub-scales of EDI-2(drive for thinness, bulimia, body dissatisfaction, ineffectiveness, interoceptive awareness, perfectionism, interpersonal distrust, maturity fear, asceticism, impulse regulation, social insecurity) were significantly improved after treatment. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the day hospital program for Korean eating disorders patients may be an effective initial approach to overcoming various eating disorders symptoms. Further studies should investigate longer term outcome data using a larger sample.