• 한국의류학회지
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• 제29권3_4호
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• pp.449-461
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to rediscover the hidden value of non-mainstreamers style which has been overlooked for the past decade by investigate the aesthetics and formative features of the Grunge fashion. The Grunge fashion was derived from explosive popularity of the early 90's grunge music. Grunge was the alternative anti-thesis against mainstream pop music and anti-fashion against mainstream fashion. Dirty, rubbish grunge style of the poor street youth and grunge musicians have raised to the high fashion by designers. And These trial of designers made people to notice the value of the non-mainstreamers street style like grunge. Actually, the grunge brought the shock with many argument to the 90's fashion field. But now, It became the classic of the street fashion. And It has potent influence on the music, culture and high fashion. The Grunge is a kind of links between music and fashion, street fashion and high fashion, sub culture and mainstream culture, the past and now. Grunge isn't only a fashion of appearance. It is the attitude of wearing clothes and living a life. Variety grunge style in the international street fashion, high fashion, typical musicians's fashion of the 1990's and the 2000's was researched for this study. These materials were gathered from music magazines, fashion magazines, movies, musics and books. As a results of analysis, Grunge has the formative features like mix & match, layering, patchwork, primitive edge, rag, retro, recycle, kinderwhore, sneer scribbling, disheveled hair. Grunge also has the Aesthetic features like the beauty of $disorder{\cdot}\;disharmony{\cdot}\;incompleteness{\cdot}\;kitsch{\cdot}\;poverty{\cdot}\;alternative{\cdot}\;eclectic{\cdot}$symbiosis. For the last 10 years, These features changed our fashion be more pluralistic and dynamic.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2003

Dam-eum(痰飮) is peculiar pathological product which is caused by functional difficulty in human fluid replacement and that principally originated functional difficulty between Lung(肺), Spleen(脾), Kidney(腎) and Sam-Cho(三焦). Dam-eum(痰飮) comes into force to disorder about ascending, decending, in and out of human energy circulation and frequently raises functional difficulty in human fluid replacement. As a result of that, it has much effect on action of Spirit(神志). After literatual study on the effect of Dam-eum(痰飮) on Spirit(神志), the result were obtained as follows : Dam-eum is not affecting to Spirit by itself. When Dam-eum is Positive Symptom(實證), Yang Symptom(陽證), mainly it affects to Spirit with Pung(風), Hwa(火), Kyung(驚), Youl(熱). And when it is Negative Symptom(虛症), it mostly affects with 脾胃虛寒, 心血不足. Dam-eum is a factor of causing disharmony between Heart & Kidney(心腎), Heart & Liver(心肝), Stomach & Gall Bladder Line(胃膽經) by 痰迷心竅, 痰火擾心. So it brings out troubles of fluid replacement. These are the main circumstances of affecting Spirit. To cure Disease of Spirit(神志病), which is caused by Dam-eum, there are not only uses the treatment of 理痰氣, 豁痰開竅. There are two treatments to use together. The first treatment is 淸熱, 定驚, 息風, 淸心 that removes fitted toxin. And the other treatment is that keeps the balance of Internal Organs.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.688-700
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• 2004

Dongmugong(東武公) advanced seven-feeling theory of Danguea(丹溪) and spirit-action theory of Buddhism. Sasang Constitutional Medicine has big three ideological base; phylosophy of the human nature, natural laws and the doctrines of Wangyangming(王陽明). In Dongyuisusebowon(東醫壽世保元), it is insisted that one's nature(性) and feelings(情) influenced to change his or her external form and the function of the internal organs. According to Dongyuisusebowon, the metabolism of human body is influenced by the actions of the nature(性) and the feelings(情). Also, sometimes, people get sick because of the disharmony of them. Of course, the concept of the nature(性) and the feelings(情) is different from a general idea. In Dongyuisusebowon, the nature(性) is made up of the intelligence(智), the courtesy(禮), the integrity(義), and the affection(仁). It is same with the feelings(情). The feelings(情), according to Sasang Constitutional Medicine, is composed of grief(哀), anger(怒), pleasure(喜), and enjoyment(樂). Dongmugong explained those in his writings and we got to know that the physiology and pathology of Sasang Constitutional Medicine could be explained by the interactions of twelve elements of the earth(十二地支). Symptoms and signs in his books can be explained by the same mechanism in Sanghanlon(傷寒論), but these of each constitution could be seen different one because of the different characteristics of Sasangin(四象人)

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.909-914
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• 2013

CIGS is one of thin film solar cell and has been studied so much, because of the possibility of low price and high efficiency. Until now, co-evaporation and sputtering were typical method to prepare CIGS absorption layer, and a few company commercialized solar cell by these method. However, non-vacuum process which has been studied for long time has not been progressed, though the merit of low price. Especially, aerosol deposition method has not been reported, because it is difficult to prepare a large quantity of various CIGS powder. In this study, CIGS powder was synthesized by mechanochemical method and CIGS absorption layer was deposited by aerosol deposition method. The thickness of the CIGS layer was controlled by the number of deposition and the surface roughness of it was affected by the amount of flow gas. And, also, I-V curve of it appeared metallic property in the case of 'as deposition'. After heat treatment in Se-rich atmosphere, the electrical property of it changed to a semiconductor. CdS and transparent conduction layer were formed by a typical method on it for solar cell. The efficiency of cell was appeared 0.19%. Though the efficiency was low because of the disharmony in the after-process, it was conformed that CIGS solar cell could be prepared by aerosol deposition.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.291-297
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• 2016

쉐그렌 증후군($Sj{\ddot{o}}gren^{\prime}s$ syndrome)을 가진 환자들은 구강건조증으로 인하여 치질이 연화되어 마모와 변색을 가지는 경우가 빈번하다. 전치부가 심하게 마모된 경우 전방유도의 상실 및 교합의 부조화, 보철수복을 위한 공간의 부족 등의 문제가 발생할 수 있는데, twin-stage method를 이용하여 수복시 전방유도와 측방유도를 통해 구치부 이개량을 확보하여 중심위와 편심위에서 모두 이상적인 교합을 형성할 수 있다. 본 증례는 쉐그렌 증후군으로 인하여 상, 하악 전치부의 심한 변색과 마모를 가진 환자에게 twin-stage method를 이용하여, 수복하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aims to alleviate dental hygienists' job stress caused by emotional labor, lower their turnover rate, improve the working environment, and offer better quality of services by understanding correlations among emotional labor, job characteristics, job stress, and turnover intention. Methods: A survey was conducted in the subjects with dental hygienists who were working at general hospitals, dental university hospitals, and private dental clinics located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Chungnam by the convenience sampling method from June 1 through 30, 2017, and the collected data were analyzed using by SPSS Windows Ver. 22.0 (IBM CO, Armonk, NY, USA) and AMOS 21. As the statistical analysis methods, convergent validity test, structural equation model analysis and model goodness of fit were conducted using independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, path analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: It turned out that the more dental hygienists' deep acting of emotional labor and the more their workload of job characteristics, the higher their job stress got, and that the higher their job stress, the higher their turnover intention got. Conclusions: As a method of lowering dental hygienists' turnover intention, they may resolve emotional disharmony with their own problem-solving method, but it is necessary to develop and support organizational culture for the improvement of working environment. Dental hygienists' organizations should implement the measures to minimize their turnover rate and job stress level by allocating appropriate workload.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.956-966
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the comparative between depression and stress related to life events among women in the menopausal stage. Menopausal stages were divided into two groups: Pre and post-menopausal stages. The degree of depression and stress related to life events between pre and post menopausal women were compared to each other. Women, aged between 41 and 59 years, answered self-reported questionnaires which included Zung's depression scale and life events scale modified by Lee (1984). Findings were as follows; 1) The mean score of premenopausal women who experienced depression was 39.66, and for post-menopausal women the score was 41.45. There was no significant differences in depression levels between pre and post menopausal group.s (t=-1.55, p=.122). 2) Menopausal women experienced low levels of stress related to life events. There were no significant differences between pre and post menopausal groups(t=.527, p>.05). Both pre and post menopausal groups were highly concerned about education issues of their children and disharmony between couples. 3) There was a significant relationship between depression and stress related to life events among post-menopausal groups (r=.22, p<.01). Based on the findings of this study, the menopausal depression was associated with stress related to life events, especially among post-menopausal women. Feelings of lost fertility and feminine attributies result in menopausal depression, which is significantly correlated with women's negative perception of their life events. Therefore, nursing intervention needs to develop to help reduce the levels of depression and overcome their negative perception of the menopausal experience. Nurses should develop nursing strategies to help menopausal women to have positive perceptions and enhance quality of life by assisting their adaptability to physiological and psychological changes related to menopause.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.271-280
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• 2000

복식은 조형적 구성의 측면에서 그시대의 예술양식을 수용, 표출한다. 최근에 이르러서는 복식과 예술분야가 통합적 조형양식으로 존재하면서 동시대적 사상이나 이슈를 반영할 뿐 아니라 여타 문화현상들과 상호의존적 또는 상호수정보완적 관계를 유지하고 있다. 따라서 일련의 전위적인 디자이너들에 의해 시도되고 있는 아방가르드적 현상으로서 해체주의적 현상을 밝힘은 그동안 논의되왔던 조형양식적 측면과 미학적 측면에서의 복식을 재조명하는 그 의의가 있다. 해체주의 패션은 모더니즘적 양식을 반박하여 형식이나 구성에 있어 전위가 몰형식과 비구조화의 형태를 띄고 있으며 그것은 외형적 구조로서만이 아니라 인식론이나 내재론적 측면에서도 이성적 주체관, 현전의 형이상학, 이분법적 사고의 붕괴 둥을 의미하는 것으로 현대패션이라는 커다란 흐름을 고유함으로써 상호보완적인 역할을 수행하고 있다. 즉 양식의 이종교배, 과거양식의 인식, 복합성과 모호성, 다양한 매체의 이용 등과 같은 패션 트랜드 속에서 재해석되고 변경, 수용되어 존재하고 있다고 할 수 있다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2018

무치악 환자에서 악간관계의 부조화는 자주 관찰되며, 의치에서 인공치의 교합접촉 시 안정의 결여는 환자의 불편감과 점막 외상, 나아가서는 근육과 신경의 변화나 감정적 장애를 일으킬 수 있다. 따라서 기능 시 의치에 가해지는 교합력을 고려하여 적절한 교합을 설정하는 것이 성공적인 의치 치료에 중요한 요소라고 할 수 있다. 본 증례에서는 하악 전돌로 인한 상하악 악궁간의 심한 부조화를 가진 완전무치악 환자를 양악총의치로 수복하였다. 비정상적인 악간 관계를 보상하기 위해 구치부 교차교합으로 인공치를 배열함으로써 의치의 안정과 유지를 확보하였고, 환자 또한 기능적, 심미적으로 만족하였다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.302-307
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• 2018

다수의 치아 상실과 치아 마모로 인해 교합이 붕괴된 경우 교합 고경의 변경이 필요할 수 있다. 그리고 이러한 경우 심미적이면서도 근신경계와 조화를 이룰 수 있는 고경을 결정하는 것이 중요하다. 본 증례는 치아상실 및 마모로 인해 교합 수직 고경의 감소가 관찰된 환자에서 진단 모형과 방사선 사진 및 다양한 임상적 검사 등의 교합관계분석을 통해 교합 수직 고경을 회복을 동반한 보철 수복을 진행한 경우로, 기능적인 면과 심미적인 면에서 양호한 결과를 얻었기에 이를 보고하는 바이다.