• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

We can understand "Shanghanlun(傷寒論)" and "Wenbingtiaobian(溫病條辨)" which are major books on externally contracted diseases well by making a comparative study of their similarities and differences. After studying etiological causes and characteristics of disease, disease pattern, syndrome differentiation, transmutation rules, following conclusions are derived. While cold is an etiological cause of Cold damage and harms Yang qi, heat is an etiological cause of Warm disease and harms Yin qi. Cold damage and Warm disease have something in common in the respect of damage to fluid and humor and Yang qi. Exuberant heat symptom of Yang brightness disease and lesser yin heat transformation pattern have similar damage to fluid and humor as Warm disease does. Warm disease can reach qi collapse syndrome through damage to Yang qi following fluid and humor damage. In the respect of water qi, as Cold damage makes water-dampness retain easily due to cold congealing, dampness-draining diuretic medicinal and warm yang medicinal are used together. As warm disease damages fluid and humor, yin-tonifying medicinal is used and dampness-draining diuretic medicinal can be used in the case of Warm disease with dampness. In the respect of disease pattern, cold syndromes arise mostly by Cold damage except heat syndrome of grater yang disease, chest bind syndrome, stuffiness syndrome, reverting yin disease and yang brightness disease. Warm disease is classified as pure heat syndrome and heat syndrome with bowel excess, damage to yin, qi collapse or damage to blood.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.224-228
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• 2006

The pattern identification of exterior-interior syndrome and cold-heat syndrome is one of the diagnostic methods using most frequently in Oriental medicine. There was no systematic studies analyzing the characteristics of the 'exterior-interior and cold-heat' between healthy and disease group. In this study, cold-heat pattern, blood pressure, pulse rate, height and weight are recorded from 100 healthy subjects and 196 disease subjects with age ranging from 30 to 59 years. To analyze the differences between healthy and disease group, we used the descriptive statistics. And linear regression function, linear support vector machine and bayesian classifier were used for distinguishing healthy group from disease group. The score of both exterior-heat and interior-cold in healthy group is higher than the score in disease group. This means that if one belongs to the disease group, his(or her) exterior gets cold and his interior gets hot. And also, these result have no relevance to age. But, the attempt to classify healthy group from disease group with a exterior-interior and cold-heat and other vital signs did not have good performance. It mean that even though they have a different trend each other, only these kinds of information couldn't classify healthy group and disease group.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.51-72
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• 2010

The Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) text of "Sang-hanron(傷寒論)" is adopted in the chapter of So-eumin Interior Disease Pattern in "Dong-uisusebowon(東醫壽世保元)". In this study, I have attempted to analyze the Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) texts for the purpose of understanding the So-eumin Interior Disease Pattern thoroughly. In specific, Ijema(李濟馬) stated that the Simhabigyeong(心下痞硬) symptom of the Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) text is identical to the symptoms of other conditions that apply Sasimtang(瀉心湯). Which means that the disease pattern of Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) is a intensified condition of that of Sasimtang(瀉心湯). Next, unlike Jang Jung-gyeong(張仲景) and other annotators of "Sang-hanron(傷寒論)", Ijema(李濟馬) did not perceive Ijungtang(理中湯) to manage the central cho(中焦). Instead, he perceived it appropriate for Tae-eumbyeong(太陰病_disease of Tae-eum), bringing the meaning of Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) into the category of Sameumbyeong(三陰病_disease of the three eum). With this, he made it possible to compare and analyze the texts based on the Sameum/Samyang(三陰三陽) theory. Lastly, Ijema(李濟馬) perceived the symptoms of Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) as So-eum pattern, and categorized it into Tae-eum pattern. Following this, a comprehensive review of Ijema(李濟馬)'s unique understanding of the Jeokseokji-uyeoryang-tang(赤石脂禹餘糧湯) text and its implications were discussed. This part is not included in this article, however, and will be exclusively dealt with in a subsequent article.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.143-152
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• 2018

Objective : A Patient complaining of dizziness was diagnosed and treated with the Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system and was analyzed to report cases Methods : Based on the Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system, we analyzed a case treated with the Baekho-tang and counseling. Results : Baekho-tang showed a rapid improvement in the patient. During the period of 20 days, dizziness were greatly improved. Conclusions : The Baekho-tang, which is not well known yet, can show rapid effect and can be diagnosed frequently through the Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2010

Previously standardization study for identifying 5 types of pattern identification of stroke patients has been performed and the Korean standard of pattern identification (II) was developed. In the present study we investigated the interactions between total indices designated by the Korean standard of pattern identification(KSPI II) and indices for PI of Cold-Heat and Deficiency-Excess. Indicators for Cold-Heat and Deficiency-Excess are isolated from 58 indices through the survey of oriental medicine doctors and their relationship with KSPI-II indices was analyzed by corresponding analysis method using data of 1581 stroke patients. Means and standard deviations indicated that 2 Cold indices, 14 Heat indices, 12 Deficiency indices, and 5 Excess indices were included for Cold-Heat and Deficiency-Excess pattern identification. The results of corresponding analysis shows the relationship of 57 indices and 4 types of pattern identification (excluding 1 index and 1 pattern among 58 indices and 5 patterns) using the cross-tabulation which was obtained from the clinical data. Most of Cold and Heat index were divided to dimension 1(inertia 51.9%) obtained from the result of corresponding analysis. Deficiency and Excess index were partially associated with dimension 2(inertia 31.7%). These data suggest that pattern identification of Cold-Heat plays an role in the standardization of pattern identification in stroke, although further studies are required by various trials such as analysis of surveys and clinical data.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.85-99
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• 2017

Objective : The objective of this study is to define the conceptional meaning of Shanghanlun provision while applying Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system. Methods : 2 clinical cases, whose patients were treated by Injinho-tang, which was selected according to Shanghanlun provisions dualized with Je-Gang(提綱) and Jo-Moon(條文), were analyzed. Results : According to the results of analysis of 2 cases, the patients' diseases were improved when the treatment was applied according to Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system and the interpretation of Shanghanlun provisions according to the etymology of Chinese character. Conclusions : These results suggests that Shanghanlun provisions be applied according to etymological interpretation of Chinese character in Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.241-250
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• 2014

Objectives This research was proposed to present Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) for Soyangin Disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM): Lessor-Yang Wind-Injury (Soyang-sangpung) Symptomatology. This CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee consisting of SCM professors. Methods First, it was performed that search and collection of literature related SCM such as "Dongeuisusebowon", Textbook of SCM, Clinical Guidebook of SCM and Fundamental research to standardize diagnosis of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. And journal search related to clinical trial or Human complementary medicine of SCM was performed domestic and overseas. Finally, 1 articles were selected and included in CPG for Lessor-Yang Wind-Injury (Soyang-sangpung) Symptomatology of Spleen Cold-based Exterior Cold (Bisuhan-pyohan) disease in Soyangin Disease. Results & Conclusions The CPG of Lessor-Yang Wind-Injury (Soyang-sangpung) Symptomatology in Soyangin Disease include classification, definition and standard symptoms of each pattern. Lessor-Yang Wind-Injury (Soyang-sangpung) Symptomatology is classified into mild and moderate pattern by severity. Lessor-Yang Wind-Injury (Soyang-sangpung) Symptomatology mild pattern is classified into initial pattern and advanced pattern. Lesser-Yang Wind-Injury (Soyang-sangpung) symptomatology moderate pattern is classified into Chest-binding (Gyeolhyoong) pattern and Chest-binding (Gyeolhyoong) advanced pattern.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.13-41
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• 2015

Objectives This research was proposed to present Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) for Taeeumin and Taeyangin Disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM): Diagnosis and Algorithm. This CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee consisting of SCM professors. Methods We searched the literature and articles related to Taeeumin and Taeyangin Symptomatology diagnosis and algorithm. For developing diagnosis and algorithm, we searched the classification, ordinary symptom, present symptom of the Taeeumin and Taeyangin Symptomatology Results and Conclusions We classified the Taeeumin Symptomatology by 4 steps: Exterior-Interior disease, favorable-unfavorable pattern, mild-moderate-severe-critical pattern, initial-intermediate-advanced pattern. And we classified the Taeyangin Symptomatology by 3 steps: Exterior-Interior disease, favorable-unfavorable pattern, mild-moderate-severe-critical pattern. At the unfavorable pattern, ordinary symptom is very important. So doctors are considered to need to focus on the symptom of unfavorable's ordinary symptoms.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.376-386
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• 2017

Objectives This case study is about a Taeeumin patient with Parkinson's disease identified as Dry-heat (Joyeol) pattern. In this study, we report significant improvement of motor and non-motor symptoms of this patient after Sasang constitutional medicine treatment. Methods The patient was identified as Taeeumin Dry-heat pattern and treated with Cheongsimyeonja-tang and acupuncture. The Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS) was used to assess the overall function of the patient. And the Global Assessment Scale (GAS) was used to assess the change of bradykinesia, tremor and dry mouth after the treatment. Results The UPDRS total score decreased from 145 points to 77 points after 5 weeks treatment. And symptoms of bradykinesia, tremor and dry mouth showed significant improvement in GAS after the treatment. Furthermore, constipation, sleep disturbance, dysuresia and anorexia were reported to be improved after treatment. Conclusions This study shows that Sasang constitutional medicine can be effective treatment for motor and non-motor symptoms caused by Parkinson's disease.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1995

The acetylcholinesterase(ACHE) activity in 37 biopsies from the patients with Hirschsprung's disease was analyzed for histochemical patterns according to age, and its evolutional behavior was also assessed. The histochemical criterion used for the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease was that of Chow, i.e., "the presence of many coarse discrete cholinergic fibers in the muscularis mucosae and in the immediately subjacent submucosa regard less of an infiltration of cholinergic fibers in the lamina propria." The acetylcholinesterase activity in Hirschsprung's disease was further classified into 3 patterns, advocated by de Brito and Maksoud : Pattern I-many thick fibers exclusively in the muscularis mucosae and submucosa(newborn pattern). Pattern II-many thin fibers in the muscularis mucosae and submucosa with a clear infiltration of cholinergic fibers in the lamina propria(classical pattern). Pattern III-an intermediate pattern showing morphological characteristics of the two patterns with predominance of one or the other. Of 37 biopsies, Pattern 1 was seen exclusively in 16 biopsies taken from the neonates. Pattern III was 11 of 37 biopsies and it was mainly seen in children between 2 to 12 months of age. Pattern II was seen in all 3 biopsies of older than 1 year of age and in 6 ones of 3 to 12 months of age. In summary, this study reinforces the impression that there is an evolutional character of the distribution and morphology of the cholinergic ACHE positive fiber with age. In other words, ACHE activity in Hirschsprung's disease appears to evolve with age from the newborn pattern to the intermediate pattern finally to the classical pattern.