• Journal of Life Science
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2002

Saccharomyces cerevisiae KNU5377 (KNU5377) and S. cerevisiae ATCC24858 (ATCC24858) were exposed to $H_2SO_4$ as a stress, which was added at various concentrations to a YPD media. The growth of KNU5377 was reduced to approximately 60% in the YPD media containing 40 nm sulfuric acid when compared to the non-stressed condition. When their growth was monitored during an overnight culture, two strains, KNU5377 and ATCC24858, could not grow when exposed to over 50 mM of sulfuric acid. After a short exposure to this acid for 1 h, KNU5377 exhibited stronger resistance against $H_2SO_4$ than ATCC24858. The neutral trehalase activity of KNU5377 unchanged despite under various concentrations of $H_2SO_4$. In contrast, It at of ATCC24858 was much low at higher $H_2SO_4$concentrations. Trehalose, a non-reducing disaccharide, was maximally accumulated after a short exposure to 60 nm $H_2SO_4$ for KNU5377, but it was reduced under more severe stressful conditions. These results suggest that KNU5377 should modulate the trehalose concentrations under the severe stress condition of high sulfuric acid concentrations. The most highly induced protein in the KNU5377 exposed to sulfuric acid was found to be an approximately 23 kDa protein, which was revealed to be the 605 large subunit ribosomal protein, Ll3 by FASTA search results.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.893-898
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• 2011

Milk contains a number of nutrients required for human growth and development, such as disaccharide lactose which is significantly contained in milk and dairy products. About two thirds of world populations are reportedly suffering from lactose intolerance after drinking milk. Lactose intolerance is defined as a maldigestion of lactose in the human intestine with typical symptoms of abdominal pains, bloating, and diarrhea. In this study, incidence of lactose intolerance has been investigated for the elementary school children for 1 year from July, 2010 to June, 2011. It is found that about 70% of the total elementary students have joined the school milk program. Out of 636 total students that participated in this study, 449 were from the metropolis, 85 from middle-sized city, and 102 from the small town including rural areas (small town/rural areas). For distributions of lactose intolerance, 154 students (24.2%) were found to be positive among the total 636 subjects. Based on the size of the city, the symptoms were the most prevalent for the students in the small town/rural areas at 31.4% (32/102), followed by 30.6% (26/85) in middle-sized city, and 21.4% (96/449) in the metropolis. On the other hand, gender had no significant effect on the incidence of lactose intolerance, shown those for boys and girls were 24.8% (77/310), 23.6% (77/326), respectively. Further research is needed to confirm the correct incidence of lactose intolerance symptoms as the frequency is significantly affected by subject's digestive functions including irritable bowel syndrome.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5601-5605
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• 2014

Background: Agrocybe aegerita Lectin (AAL) has been identified to have high affinity for sulfated and ${\alpha}2$-3-linked sialic acid glycoconjugates, especially the sulfated and sialyl TF (Thomsen-Friedenreich) disaccharide. This study was conducted to investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic value of AAL in identifying aberrant glycosylation in colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and Methods: Glycoconjugate expression in 59 CRC tissues were detected using AAL-histochemistry. Clinicopathological associates of expression were analyzed with chisquare test or Fisher's exact test. Relationships between expression and the various clinicopathological parameters was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression models. Results: AAL specific glycoconjugate expression was significantly higher in tumor than corresponding normal tissues (66.1% and 46.1%, respectively, p=0.037), correlating with depth of invasion (p=0.015) and TNM stage (p=0.024). Patients with lower expression levels had a significantly higher survival rate than those with higher expression (p=0.046 by log rank test and p=0.047 by Breslow test for overall survival; p=0.054 by log rank test and P=0.038 by Breslow test for progress free survival). A marginally significant association was found between AAL specific glycoconjugate expression and overall survival by univariate Cox regression analysis (p=0.059). Conclusions: Lower AAL specific glycoconjugate expression is a significant favorable prognostic factor for overall and progress free survival in CRC. This is the first report about the employment of AAL for histochemical analysis of cancer tissues. The binding characteristics of AAL means it has potential to become a powerful tool for the glycan investigation and clinical application.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2009

Bacillus subtilis 028-1 균주는 청국장 발효에 사용하는 균주로 Staphylococcus sp. LS2 뿐만 아니라 여러 yeast 균주의 생장을 억제하는 항생물질을 생산하며, soybean meal 2%와 maltose와 같은 이당류를 1% 첨가하여 15~18시간 진탕 배양하였을 때 최대의 항생물질 생산을 보였으며 배지의 pH는 6.5 이하였다. 항생물질의 활성은 약염기성 조건에서 극대화되었으며, $100^{\circ}C$에서 20분간 가열하여도 활성은 크게 감소하지 않았고, 실온 보관 시 한 달 이상 효과가 지속되며 chymotrypsin과 papain 같은 단백질 분해효소 처리에 의해 서서히 활성이 줄어들었다. 투석에 의해 항생물질의 분자량을 측정한 결과 1,000에서 500 dalton 사이인 것으로 나타났으며 항미생물 효과는 있으나 fibrin 분해 능력이 없으므로 surfactin이 아닌 iturin 계열의 peptide성 항생물질로 보인다.

• 약학회지
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• 제11권1_2호
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• pp.7-16
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• 1967

A yellowish microneedles, $C_{28}$ H$_{32}$ $O_{14}$ ${\cdot}$ I$_{1}$/$_2$, H$_{2}$O, m.p.262-$4^{\circ}$ , [${\alpha}$$_{D}^{20}$= -71,$43^{\circ}$(C = 0.42, pyridine), its acetate m.p.123-5.deg., were obtained in 0.3% yield from the leaves of Chrysanthemum sibiricum F$_{ISCHER}$. This substance is insoluble in water and the usual organic solvents except pyridine and ethylene glycol and, is not decomposed by dilute mineral acids but undergoes decomposition on being boiled in 60% H$_{2}$SO$_{4}$ or 35% HCl, giving one moel each of acacetin, glucose and rhamnose. It was not hydrolysed with a rhamnodiastase preparation obtained from the seeds of Rhamnus koraiensis. After permethylation of it, the uncrystallized product was hydrolysed and apigenin-5,4'-dimethyl ehter, m.p.$262^{\circ}$ was obtained, indicating that the disaccharide residue is at the 7 position of acacetin. Partial hydrolysis of this acacetin-7-rhamnoglucoside in cyclohexanol with formic acid gave acacetin-7-glucoside, m.p.246.deg. and rutinose, identifying them with authentic specimen on a paper chromatography. It was thus identified as linarin(acacetin-7-rutinoside) by means of mixed fusion, of paper partition chromatography and of its derivatives. Zemplen and Bognar suggested that the glucosidic linkage of linarin is .betha. by means of synthesis of this substance. But there is no evidence whether it is hydrolysed by emulsin or maltase or not. Linarin itself was not hydrolysed by an emulsin existing in the seed of Apricot or a maltase, but acacetin-7-glucoside(tilianin) which obtained from linarin gave acacetin and glucose on hydrolysis with the same emulsin and accordingly the glucosidic linkages of linarin and tilianin are thus regarded as ${\beta}$.

• 약학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2011

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural polymer consisting of disaccharide units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. It has a great potential and success in cosmetic and biomedical applications. However, native HA is highly soluble and easily metabolized by enzymes such as hyaluronidase. Thus, various studies have been reported on modifying the physicochemical properties of HA, while maintaining its biocompatibility. For controlled drug delivery, many trials for fabricating HA microspheres were achieved under chemical reaction. The HA microspheres fabricated to improve the physical stability of HA using adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) by cross-linking reaction has been reported earlier, however it lacks the desired physical stability and rapidly decomposes by swelling or enzymes. Therefore, we prepared double cross-linked HA microspheres (DC-HA microspheres) and alginate containing HA microspheres (AC-HA microspheres) to enhance its physicochemical properties. DC-HA microspheres were prepared using trisodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) under crosslinking reaction after ADH cross-linking reaction. AC-HA microspheres were prepared by adding alginate as a networking polymer. These microspheres were characterized by morphology, particle size, zeta potential, stability against hyaluronidase. Results showed that the DC-HA and AC-HA microspheres are more stable than that of HA microspheres.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.804-807
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• 1997

제일제당주식회사에서는 미생물발효법을 이용하여 palatinose를 대량생산하게 되었다. Palatinose 산물의 안전성을 확인하기 위하여 1) Salmonella typhimurium을 이용한 미생물복귀돌연변이시험, 2) Chinese Hamster Lung (CHL) 세포를 이용한 in vitro 염색체이상시험을 실시하였다. Palatinose 및 palatinose syrup은 미생물복귀돌연변이 시험에서 10 mg/plate의 용량까지 복귀돌연변이를 유발하지 않았으며, CHL 세포에서도 5 mg/mL 농도에서 염색체이상을 유발하지 않았다. 이 결과는 palatinose 산물들이 위의 in vitro 변이원성시험계에서 돌연변이원성을 나타내지 않음을 보여준다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.535-538
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• 2006

In our previous studies, we have observed that curcumin and momordin I isolated from Ampelopsis radix inhibit the formation of Fos-Jun-activation protein-1 (AP-1) DNA complex. We have screened more effective compounds which have a 5-membered ring framework like momordin I and have modified disaccharide or carboxylic acid portions in momordin I. We synthesized momordin I derivatives according to the published method with slight modification. Synthetic momordin I derivatives showed remarkable inhibitory activities on Fos-Jun-AP-1 DNA complex formation results in in vitro assays. The $IC_{50}$ values of momordin I derivatives were about 4.0 $\mu$M in an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). This value is about 125 times higher than that of curcumin and about 12 times higher than that for curcumin derivative C1, and moreover about 30 times higher than that for momordin I. We found momordin I derivatives (a) and (b) are the strongest inhibitory compound for Fos-Jun-AP-1 DNA complex formation.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 고가의 TreH를 형질전환한 대장균으로부터 생산하고 부분적으로 정제한 후, 에폭시에 고정화하고 트레할로스-FIA 시스템에 이용하였다. 산소 전극을 이용한 트레할로스 검출 방법과 분광학적 방법을 이용한 트레할로스 검출 방법을 비교하고, 공정에서의 온라인 모니터링의 가능성을 검토하였다. 산소 전극을 이용한 분석의 경우 다른 대사 물질로 인한 간섭현상이 상대적으로 적고 검출 가능한 농도가 0.1$\sim$1.0 g/L로 많은 량의 트레할로스를 생산하는 공정을 모니터링할 경우 적합한 시스템임을 알 수 있었다. 반면 분광학적 방법으로 트레할로스를 검출한 실험의 경우 TreH와 GOD/HRP를 고정하여 실험한 경우와 TreH만 고정하고 GOD와 HRP를 직접 주입하는 방식을 비교했을 때 검출 가능한 농도는 0.01$\sim$0.2 g/L로 낮은 농도의 트레할로스를 모니터링할 경우에 적합하다. 그러나 ABTS나 GOD, HRP의 주입량 등 경제성과 운전이 편이성 등을 고려할 경우 GOD와 HRP를 직접 주입하는 시스템이 가장 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 이 시스템을 이용하여 소형 생물반응기 내 트레할로스의 농도를 온라인 모니터링한 결과는 오프라인 값과 매우 잘 일치함을 보였다. 생물공정에서 트레할로스의 온라인 모니터링이 FIA 기술에 의해 가능함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• 제68권
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• pp.325-334
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• 2018

Lactose is a reducing disaccharide consisting of two different monosaccharides such as galactose and glucose. The hydrogenation of lactose to lactitol is a formidable challenge because it is a complex process and several side products are formed. In this work, we synthesized Ru-Ni bimetallic nanohybrids as efficient catalysts for selective lactose hydrogenation to give selective lactitol. Ru-Ni bimetallic nanohybrids with $Ru-NiO_x$ (x = 1, 5, and 10 wt%) are prepared by impregnating Ru and Ni salts precursors with $TiO_2$ used as support material. Ru-Ni bimetallic nanohybrids (represented as $5Ru-5NiO/TiO_2$) catalyst is found to exhibit the remarkably high selectivity of lactitol (99.4%) and turnover frequency i.e. ($374h^{-1}$). In contrast, monometallic $Ru/TiO_2$ catalyst shows poor performance with ($TOF=251h^{-1}$). The detailed characterizations confirmed a strong interaction between Ru and NiO species, demonstrating a synergistic effect on the improvement on lactitol selectivity. The impregnation-reduction method for the preparation of bimetallic $Ru-NiO/TiO_2$ catalyst promoted Ru nanoparticles dispersed on NiO and intensified the interaction between Ru and NiO species. $Ru-NiO/TiO_2$ efficiently catalyzed the hydrogenation of lactose to lactitol with high yield/selectivity at almost complete conversion of lactose at $120^{\circ}C$ and 55 bar of hydrogen ($H_2$) pressure. Moreover, $Ru-NiO/TiO_2$ catalyst could also be easily recovered and reused up to four runs without notable change in original activity.