• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.15
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• pp.395-398
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• 2002

Many research group started study to develope x-ray detector using thin film transistor from 1970. But realization of TFT based x-ray detector development was caused by progress of thin film transistor liquid crystal display(TFTLCD) device technology in 1990. The main current of TFT technology is display device. Research results expend TFT technology field from display device to sensor manufacture technology. These days many research group in the world realize various digital x-ray detector. In this study, We compare discharge erasing method to visible light erasing method in a-Se based digital x-ray detector. Visible light erasing method is known reset process in direct conversion x-ray detector. Digital x-ray detector using visible light erasing method is not adaptive for conventional x-ray device, because of its thickness. And it is not avaliable for real-time imaging for digital fluoroscopy, because of its long reset time. In this study we overcome these limitations and show new idea for real-time imaging method.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1233-1241
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• 2020

Objective: The present investigation was aimed to explore the potential of lactobacilli for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) production, isolated from rumen fluid samples of lactating goats. Methods: A total of 64 isolates of lactobacilli were obtained using deMan-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) agar from rumen fluid of goats and further subjected to morphological and biochemical characterizations. Isolates found as gram-positive, catalase negative rods were presumptively identified as Lactobacillus species and further confirmed by genus specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The phylogenetic tree was constructed from the nucleotide sequences using MEGA6. Results: Out of the 64 isolates, 23 isolates were observed positive for CLA production by linoleate isomerase gene-based amplification and quantitatively by UV-spectrophotometric assay for the conversion of linoleic acid to CLA as well as gas chromatography-based assay. In all Lactobacillus species cis9, trans11 isomer was observed as the most predominant CLA isomer. These positive isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene-based PCR sequencing and identified to be different species of L. ingluviei (2), L.salivarius (2), L. curvatus (15), and L. sakei (4). Conclusion: The findings of the present study concluded that lactic acid bacteria isolated from ruminal fluid samples of goat have the potential to produce bioactive CLA and may be applied as a direct fed microbial to enhance the nutraceutical value of animal food products.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2012년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.99.1-99.1
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• 2012

The thin-film photovoltaic absorbers (CdTe and $Cu(In,Ga)Se_2$) can achieve solar conversion efficiencies of up to 20% and are now commercially available, but the presence of toxic (Cd,Se) and expensive elemental components (In, Te) is a real issue as the demand for photovoltaics rapidly increases. To overcome these limitations, there has been substantial interest in developing viable alternative materials, such as $Cu_2ZnSnS_4$ (CZTS) is an emerging solar absorber that is structurally similar to CIGS, but contains only earth abundant, non-toxic elements and has a near optimal direct band gap energy of 1.4 - 1.6 eV and a large absorption coefficient of ~104 $cm^{-1}$. The CZTS absorber layers are grown and investigated by various fabrication methods, such as thermal evaporation, e-beam evaporation with a post sulfurization, sputtering, non-vacuum sol-gel, pulsed laser, spray-pyrolysis method and electrodeposition technique. In the present work, we report an alternative aqueous chemical approach based on chemical bath deposition (CBD) method for large area deposition of CZTS thin films. Samples produced by our method were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, absorbance and photoluminescence. The results show that this inexpensive and relatively benign process produces thin films of CZTS exhibiting uniform composition, kesterite crystal structure, and some factors like triethanolamine, ammonia, temperature which strongly affect on the morphology of CZTS film.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.211-217
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• 2006

Heavy metals are well known as important environmental pollutants and also considered as endocrine disrupters. This study was performed to evaluate the direct effects of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cobalt (Co), and arsenic (As) on the various steroidogenic enzymes in frog ovarian follicles. Ovarian follicles from Rana catesbeiana were isolated and cultured for 18 hours in the presence of frog pituitary homogenate (FPH, 0.05 gland/ml) or various steroid precursors with or without heavy metals (0.01-100 ${\mu}M$), and steroid levels in the follicle or culture medium were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Thus, the steroidogenic enzyme activities were indirectly evaluated by measuring the converted steroid levels from the added precursor steroid. Among heavy metals, Hg, Cd and Zn significantly inhibited FPH-induced pregnenolone ($P_5$) production by the follicles ($EC_{50},\;4.0{\mu}M,\;25.6{\mu}M\;and\;5.7{\mu}M$, respectively ), and also suppressed the conversion of testosterone (T) to estradiol $17{beta}\;(E_2)\;(EC_{50},\;4.2{\mu}M,\;7.5{\mu}M\;and\;80.0{\mu}M) while Pb, Co and As are not or less effective in the inhibition. Other enzymes such as $C_{17-20}$ lyase and $17{\beta}$-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ($17{\beta}$-HSD) were suppressed only in the high concentration of Hg, Cd and Zn. Taken together, these data demonstrate that cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage (P450scc) and aromatase are much more sensitive to heavy metals than other steroidogenic enzymes and Hg, Cd and Zn show stronger toxicity to follicles than other heavy metals examined.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.710-715
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• 2010

최근 풍력발전 시스템은 가장 빨리 발전하고 있는 신재생 에너지원중 하나로 각광을 받고 있으며, 풍력발전 시스템의 주된 관심사는 어떻게 광범위한 풍속의 변화에서도 효율적으로 시스템을 동작시키는 가에 있다. 일반적으로 풍속은 풍력발전시스템의 동특성에 큰 영향을 미치는 요소이다. 따라서 많은 풍력발전 제어 알고리듬은 성능향상을 위해 풍속의 측정을 요구하게 된다. 그러나 불행히도 풍속계와 같은 센서에 의한 실효 풍속의 정확한 측정은 어려운 실정이며 따라서 제어 시스템의 동작을 위해 풍속은 여러 가지 기법을 통해 추정되고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 칼만 필터 및 신경망에 기반한 새로운 형태의 풍속 추정 기법을 제안하고 제안된 기법의 유용성 확인을 위해 다양한 형태의 시뮬레이션을 수행하고자 한다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.371-375
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• 2013

A new model about output power prediction of PV module with various tilted angles and cell to cell distances has been proposed in this paper. Light intensity arrived on a solar cell could be changed by characteristics of PV module materials. Refractive indices, thickness and absorption coefficients of glass, EVA, solar cell and Backsheet are used to predict output. Also, the incident angle of light is changed 0 to 90[$^{\circ}$] and cell to cell distances are 5, 10 15[mm]. Two types of light incident on a solar cell are considered which are direct to a solar cell and reflected from Backsheet. The intensity of the incident light directly into the solar cell is reduced through glass and EVA about 17.5[%] in theoretical way. It has an error of 2.26[%] compared with experimental result. The results for compare theoretical with experimental data is validated within the error of 6.3[%]. This paper would be a research material to predict output power when the PV module is installed outdoor or a building.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제27권10A호
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• pp.969-979
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 디지털 무선통신에서 데이터 판정 오류의 원인이 되는 송수신 신호의 신호세력 차이에 의한 간섭(Interference)을 최소화시키는 새로운 방법을 제안하였다. 이 방법은 송수신 신호간의 위상차와 신호세력의 차이로 인하여 발생되는 간섭을 억제하기 위해서, 검출된 수신 신호의 위상에 따라 송신신호의 위상을 보상함으로써 송수신 신호가 항상 직교를 유지하도록 하는 방법이다. 수신신호의 위상잡음과 위상지연을 검출하기 위하여 기준 신호원으로 사용도는 VCO는 MOS회로로 구현하였고, 위상지연이 있는 신호를 얻기 위하여 화이트가우시안 노이즈(AWGN)를 통과시킨 신호를 사용하였다. 화이트가우시안 노이즈를 통과한 신호를 송신기의 변조기에서 위상지연과 위상잡음을 보상하였으며, 보상된 신호는 준직접변환 수신기와 QPSK 복조방식을 사용하영 데이터를 복원하였다. 변조기에서 보상된 송신 신호는 항상 수신 신호와 직교가 유지되므로 송수신기간의 간섭을 억제 할 수 있었으며, 또한 데이터의 판정오류 확률을 비교하였고, 모의 실험을 통하여 효용성을 입증하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제25권7A호
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• pp.951-958
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• 2000

파장분할다중화방식 전광통신망에서는 신호가 먼 거리를 진행할 경우, ASE(Amplified Spontaneous Emission) 잡음이나 누화(Crosstalk)와 같은 물리적 제약으로 인해 신호가 손상된다. 소낫ㅇ된 신호를 회복시키기 위해서는 광신호를 중간 노드에서 재생(signal regeneration)해야 하지만, 신호 재생은 추가의 네트워크 자원을 필요로 하기 때문에 재생 노드(Signal Regeneration Node, SRN)는 다른 광경로의 블록킹을 최소화하도록 신중히 선택해야 한다. 이 논문에서는 물리적인 제약 하에서 다중홉 방식으로 광경로를 설정하는 문제에 대해 최소비용 알고리즘(Minimal-Cost Placement Algorithm, MCPA)과 휴리스틱 알고리즘들을 제안하다. 최소비용 위치선정 알고리즘은 다이내믹 프로그래밍을 이용하여 송수신기나 파장의 부족으로 인한 다른 광경로들의 블록킹을 최소화하도록 공식화하였다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.215-221
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• 2005

실리카계 메조 물질인 MCM-41의 합성시 $Fe^{3+}$ 염을 합성 기질에 직접 도입하여 구조 내의 Si를 Fe로 일부 치환시킨 Fe-MCM-41(4 mol% Fe)을 합성하였다. XRD, $N_2$ 흡착법, TEM 등으로 합성한 메조 세공 물질의 구조적 특성을 조사하였으며, UV-Vis 및 FT-IR 등의 분광분석을 통하여 철의 상태를 확인하였다. 촉매적 활성 연구를 위하여 과산화수소를 산화제로 이용한 phenol hydroxylation을 수행하였으며, 물을용매로 반응 온도 $50^{\circ}C$, phenol:$H_2O_2$=1:1 조건에서 ca. 60%의 전화율을 얻었다. 또한, 구조 중 Fe 활성점을 이용한 탄소 나노 튜브의 성장 가능성을 확인하기 위하여, 아세틸렌가스를 탄소원으로 사용한 thermal-CVD 반응기를 이용하였으며, 다중벽 탄소 나노 튜브를 제조할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.894-898
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• 2016

Solution plasma is a unique method which provides a direct discharge in solutions. It is one of the promising techniques for various applications including the synthesis of metallic/non-metallic nanomaterials, decomposition of organic compounds, and the removal of microorganism. In the context of nanomaterial syntheses, solution plasma has been utilized to produce carbon nanoparticles and metallic-carbon nanoparticle systems. The main purpose of this study was to synthesize nickel nanoparticles embedded in a matrix of carbon particles by solution plasma in one-step using waste vegetable oil as the carbon source. The experimental setup was done by simply connecting a bipolar pulsed power generator to nickel electrodes, which were submerged in the waste vegetable oil. Black powders of the nickel nanoparticles-embedded carbon (NiNPs/Carbon) particles were successfully obtained after discharging for 90 min. The morphology of the synthesized NiNPs/Carbon was investigated by a scanning electron microscope, which revealed a good dispersion of NiNPs in the carbon-particle matrix. The X-ray diffraction of NiNPs/Carbon clearly showed the co-existence of crystalline Ni nanostructures and amorphous carbon. The crystallite size of NiNPs (through the Ni (111) diffraction plane), as calculated by the Scherrer equation was found to be 64 nm. In addition, the catalytic activity of NiNPs/Carbon was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry in an acid solution. It was found that NiNPs/Carbon did not show a significant catalytic activity in the acid solution. Although this work might not be helpful in enhancing the activity of the fuel cell catalysts, it is expected to find application in other processes such as the CO conversion (by oxidation) and cyclization of organic compounds.