• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
• /
• v.10 no.11
• /
• pp.15-23
• /
• 2019

Purpose: Global economic integration has provided good opportunities and conditions for the development of foreign direct investment in Finances. Therefore, this paper attempts to explore what determines foreign direct investment in Finances of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Research design, data and methodology: This paper employs the panel data over the period 2005-2017 and uses the random effect model to estimate this proposition. Results: The results indicate that the foreign direct investment in services, growth rate of GDP, interest rate and saving are positively related with foreign direct investment in finances. Conversely, the growth rate of wage and fluctuation rate of exchange rate are negatively related with foreign direct investment in finances. Moreover, the results verify that the effect of these variables on foreign direct investment in finances is different before and after 2008 (global economic crisis). In addition, the results also manifest that the regional effect exists. Namely, the effect of these variables on foreign direct investment in finances between G7 countries and G20 countries exist significant difference. Conclusions: Those variables used in this paper are related with foreign direct investment in Finances of (OECD) countries.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2005.06a
• /
• pp.669-673
• /
• 2005

World geothermal resources potential is estimated to supply 189 EJ annually, which can take charge approximately a half of annual world energy consumpt ion, from considering identified resources and supplies in USA and Iceland. Present annual use of geothermal energy, on the other hand, is only $0.1\%$ of its potential, but still has $70\%$ share among total new renewables. World-wide installed capacity of geothermal power generation reaches 8,900 MWe and 27,825 MWt for direct uses in 2005 which is almost two-fold increase over 2000. This increase is mainly due to exploding expansion of geothermal heat pump utilization: USA and western European countries lead these trends. Although geothermal heat pump distribution in Korea is still in its starting phase, comparing to Swiss achievement in terms of areal utilization sense, we expect to come up with national supply of over 600,000 toe in near future.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.538-545
• /
• 2008

This paper attempts to summarize torque control strategy for high performance SR drive. There are primarily two strategies for torque control. One method is direct torque control, which uses the simple control scheme and hysteresis controller to reduce the torque ripple. Another method is indirect torque control, which uses the complicated algorithms or simple distribution function to distribute each phase torque and obtain current command. The current controller is used to control phase torque by a given current command. In order to compare these two strategies of torque control, five torque control methods are introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are presented. At last, they are verified by some simulations and experimental results.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.23-30
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of broadband access, education level, population numbers, and investment on the unemployment rate in Indonesia. Research design, data, and methodology: This study uses panel data from 34 provinces from 2016 to 2019. The analysis uses the fixed-effect model for panel data with the Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS) estimation method. Results: Broadband access has a negative and significant effect on the unemployment rate. Mean years of school, population, and foreign direct investment also have a negative and significant impact on the unemployment rate. In contrast, the domestic direct investment variable has a positive and significant effect. Conclusion: The availability of broadband access in an area allows easier and faster access to information. The ease of access to such information can affect producing goods and services, encouraging innovation and employment growth, and reducing the unemployment rate. This research recommends that the government intensify the Indonesia Broadband Plan policy to accelerate the development and equitable distribution of broadband access in all regions of Indonesia.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.10
• /
• pp.391-399
• /
• 2020

This study aims to analyze the relationship of e-HRM implementation to employee performance both directly and indirectly through the intervening of the Human Resource service Quality variable, both practically and theoretically. This study uses variance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques with partial least square (PLS) statistical testing tools to test the direct relationship of e-HRM and the performance and relationship moderated by Human Resources service quality tested on 200 civil servants in five offices under the coordination of the Government of the South Sulawesi Province of Indonesia. The data collection model in this study uses an online survey. The data analysis stages through the explanatory concept consist of, first, the interpretation of the distribution of the average frequency of respondents' answers; second, outer-loading; third, determination of the validity and reliability; fourth, the coefficient of determination test and partial test; fifth, the GoF model; sixth, validity test; and seventh, hypothesis testing. This study explores four hypotheses in a comprehensive fashion; the results of this study show that all hypotheses have positive and significant effects both through direct and intervening relationships. Among the three direct relationships, the relationship of e-HRM variables on HR Service Quality is greatest and most dominant.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 2014

A direct RF sampling method refers to a technique that directly converts a passband signal to an intermediate band or a baseband without using a mixer. This method is less complicated than an existing RF receiver because a mixer is not used. It uses digital processing after sampling, and thus can flexibly process signals in a number of bands using software. In this process, it is important to select an appropriate sampling frequency so that a number of signals can be converted to an intermediate band that is easy to process. In this study, going beyond previously studied direct RF sampling frequency selection methods, conditions that need to be additionally considered during receiver design were examined, and the structure of a direct RF sampling receiver that satisfies these conditions was suggested.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.421-431
• /
• 2024

In this study, a direct position tracking method for non-circular (NC) signals using distributed passive arrays is proposed. First, we calculate the initial positions of sources using a direct position determination (DPD) approach; next, we transform the tracking into a compensation problem. The offsets of the adjacent time positions are calculated using a first-order Taylor expansion. The fusion calculation of the noise subspace is performed according to the NC characteristics. Because the proposed method uses the signal information from the previous iteration, it can realize automatic data associations. Compared with traditional DPD and two-step localization methods, our novel process has lower computational complexity and provides higher accuracy. Moreover, its performance is better than that of the traditional tracking methods. Numerous simulation results support the superiority of our proposed method.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.129-137
• /
• 2019

Tax can be categorised into direct tax and indirect tax. This paper uses the ordinary least-squares regression method to study the impact of direct and indirect tax on economic growth in Vietnam in the period 2003-2017. Statistical data is collected from the Ministry of Finance of Vietnam. Theoretically, tax generates the state budget revenue and is a tool to regulate the economy. The results of statistical tests show that tax has a positive impact on Vietnam's economic growth. However, the effects of direct tax and indirect tax are different. The indirect tax has a positive influence and promote Vietnam's economic growth, while the impact of the direct tax is invisible. There has not been sufficient evidence to confirm that the indirect tax has a more positive impact than the direct tax. To promote economic growth, Vietnam needs to restructure its tax system towards: (1) Increasing the proportion of indirect tax, reducing the proportion of direct tax in the state budget revenue; (2) Expanding tax bases; (3) Reducing tax rates of corporate income tax and personal income tax; (4) Increasing tax rates of environmental protection tax, natural resources tax, value added tax and excise tax on some types of goods which harm health and environment.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.8
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 2020

The paper aims to investigate the impact of presenting statements of cash flow using the direct method and the indirect method on loan decision by credit officers at Vietnamese banks. The data was collected from 150 credit officers of commercial banks in Vietnam based on the questionnaire about making loan decision when the cash flow statement is presented in different methods, namely, direct and indirect methods. This research uses T-tests to check whether using the direct or indirect method affects the accurate calculation of loan criteria, affects the loan decision by credit officers, and compare these two methods in the aspects of information provision. The research has pointed out that: 1) the direct method helps the calculation of indicators related to loans more accurately; 2) credit officers say that, while the direct method of presenting cash flow statement provides clearer information, the use of either the direct method or the indirect method does not affect the banks' loan decision. Since then, the author recommends that cash flow statements should be provided with information in a direct method to present the information needed for loan decision more accurately so as to improve the quality of cash flow statement.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1988.10a
• /
• pp.160-163
• /
• 1988

In this paper, the adaptive controller for the turret gun is discussed which uses model reference adaptive technique based on the Lyapunov direct method. Turret gun can be decomposed into two time-invariant SISO control systems. One is for the elevation angle control and the other is for the azimuth angle control under the assumption of independence each other. Thus we only consider here about the control loop for the elevation angle.