• 지역연구
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.3-18
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• 2019

이 논문은 농촌중심지들을 대상으로 직접설문조사를 시행하여 경제기반승수를 산출하고, 간접추정 방법들을 적용하여 추정한 경제기반승수와 비교하는 것이 주목적이다. 한국의 경제기반 연구에서 직접조사 방법은 본 연구에서 처음 시도되는 것이다. 연구대상지로는 청원군(현 청주시) 5개 면을 선정했으며, 해당 면지역의 직접조사 자료와 사업체 기초통계조사자료를 이용하여 경제기반승수를 추정하였다. 경제기반이론을 실제 사례에 적용하는 직접조사 방법을 통해서 정확한 경제기반승수를 산출하고, 간접적으로 추정한 승수값과 비교하여 간접추정 방법들의 장단점을 검토해 보았다. 임의가정 방법, 입지계수 방법, 최소요구치 방법 등 경제기반승수의 간접추정 방법들은 기본가정에 문제점이 있지만 최소요구치 방법이 다른 방법보다는 현실적 가정 측면에서 우월하며, 가능하다면 직접조사를 하고 역외 통근자와 역내 통근자 자료를 반영하면 더욱 정확한 승수를 추정할 수 있다.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2020

지속가능한 하천수 관리를 위해서는 연속적이고 정확한 하천수 사용량 계측자료가 필요하다. 하천수 사용지점별로 적용가능한 계측 방법이 상이하나, 일정규모 이상의 주요 개수로 지점에서는 보다 정밀한 직접 계측방법이 요구된다. 하천수 사용자는 사용량 계측을 위해 적정한 직접 계측방법을 선정해야 하는데, 이에 대한 표준 및 검증 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 만경강 상류의 시험유역에 직접 계측방법인 수위-유량관계법, 초음파법, 전자파법을 적용하였고, 계측방법별로 산정된 유량자료간의 절대오차 비교를 통해 계측자료의 정확도를 비교 평가하였다. 점단위 산정유량 비교시 초음파법이 실측값에 가장 근사한 결과를 보였다. 연속적인 계측을 통해 일단위와 월단위의 총량을 비교하였고, 초음파법과 전자파법이 정확도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 초음파법과 전자파법이 수위-유량관계법에 비해 비교적 높은 비용이 투입되는 것을 감안하여 하천수 사용시설의 중요도에 따라 적정한 직접 계측방법을 선정할 수 있기를 기대한다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2008

A national consultative project entitled "corrosion cost survey in China and preventive strategies" was funded by the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 1998. Soon afterwards, an expert group was organized jointly by the Institute of Metal Research, CAS and Chinese Society of Corrosion and Protection. The report on corrosion cost survey in China was published in 2003. According to this report the overall annual corrosion cost in China estimated by the Uhlig Method and Hoar Method at 1997-2001 was found to be 200.7 billion Yuan RMB and 228.8 billion Yuan RMB respectively, which is equivalent to 2% of the gross national product of China. However the total cost of corrosion including the direct and indirect cost was estimated to be more than 500 billion Yuan RMB per year in China. Among them, corrosion cost of infrastructure ranked in first comparing with other sectors. Although corrosion costs in some sectors, such as electric power, petrochemical, oil pipeline and railway in China has reduced in the past years, significant losses are still being encountered in most sectors of industries and cost-effective methods have not always been implemented. Both successful and unsuccessful cases in corrosion control and corrosion management were collected. As the investment in capital construction continues increasing rapidly in China, the maintenance and life extension of the infrastructures will become a big issue. The preventive strategies have been suggested

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• 제5A권2호
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• pp.186-192
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• 2005

As the power industry moves towards open competition, there has been a call for methodology to evaluate power system reliability by using customer interruption costs. This paper presents an evaluation of the interruption costs for public customers in Korea using customer survey methodology. When various research results are examined, the evaluation of direct interruption costs becomes much more simplified. Especially, in the case of public customers, it is known that the evaluation of direct interruption costs is more useful. Accordingly, this paper selected the customer survey method to evaluate the interruption costs for public customers in Korea considering interruption and customer characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2002

For improving the quality of survey dat a of sensitive character, we suggest a conditional in direct survey method. In th at method, only the respondents who answer directly to the less sensitive question respond indirectly to the more sensitive one by using the one sample unrelated question randomized response technique with the known $\pi_y$, the true proportion of unrelated group Y. We extend it to two sample method when $\pi_y$ is unknown. We also consider the case that people who possess less sensitive character answer untruthfully. Finally we compare our method with the methods of Greenberg et al. and Carr et al..

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2014

매설배관의 부식위험성을 최소화하고 음극방식의 효율극대화를 위해 다양한 비굴착 간접검사기법들이 수십년 전부터 이용되고 있으며, 미국에서는 굴착을 통한 매설배관 외면부식 직접평가법을 CFR 코드에서 규정하고 있다. 국내의 경우에는 도시가스사업법 관련 4개의 기준(KGS Code)에서 배관의 손상여부를 측정할 수 있는 장비를 이용하여 배관의 상태를 점검, 측정하고 이상부위에 대하여 누출검사를 한 경우 매설배관의 기밀시험을 한 것으로 보고 있을 뿐 배관외면부식 직접평가에 대한 규정은 없다. 본 논문에서는 미국, 영국 등 국외의 매설배관 건전성 관리 기준 및 방법을 조사하고, 국내의 매설배관 방식관리 실태 및 피복손상탐지 장치 이용실태 등을 조사한 후 국내 실정에 맞는 매설배관 외면부식 직접평가법을 제시하였다. 본 논문에서 제시한 매설배관 외면부식 직접 평가법은 국내에서 중압배관의 정밀안전진단 제도를 도입하는데 기초 자료로 활용되었다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.731-737
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• 2001

In this paper, we suggest and implement an internet survey system cooperating the randomized response technique(RRT). We compare it with the direct survey. RRT is an indirect survey method to get true information from the respondent who is conceived to have sensitive character without revealing his/her status. We implement our system(method) based a data-base system, so it common all kind of data obtained through internet surveys. This system also can be used in spot survey independently.

• 산업공학
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.319-326
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• 2010

The SMB supercomputing service provides a supercomputing infrastructure for Small and Medium-sized Business (SMB) to enhance the efficiency of product development activity. In this study, the economic value of SMB supercomputing service is presented. The economic value of service is comprised of a direct and an indirect economic value. A direct economic value was estimated based on the result of user survey on service effectiveness. The input-output analysis method was adopted to estimate an indirect economic value induced from a direct economic value. The future economic value based on the result of user demand survey is also presented. As a result, the annual and future economic value of service were estimated about 55,215 million won and 323,928 million won, respectively.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2020

Purpose: We explore to find out and analyze the direct influence of Millennial Orientation on Goals Mediated by work engagement and satisfaction. And, interaction cannot be a direct relationship between research variables. Method: The implementation uses the survey method. This research was conducted at PT. East Kalimantan fertilizer operated in Bontang, East Kalimantan. The population in this study were all employees of PT. East Kalimantan fertilizers operated in Bontang, as many as N = 500 people. The sampling technique used is proportional stratified random sampling. Findings: Millennial orientation influences engagement, job satisfaction and intention to leave, direct engagement has a significant effect on job satisfaction and intention to leave, and job satisfaction is directly related to intention to leave. Originality: Alignment between millennial goals in encouraging job satisfaction and employee engagement, so that it can have an impact on the intention to leave employees, especially at PT. Pupuk. Kaltim. Also, direct millennials as decreasing intention to leave.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2010

Hand-washing is one of the major factors in personal hygiene and public health. This study was undertaken to investigate the hygienic behavior of food-service employees, focusing on awareness of hand washing, hand washing practices, and the load of index microorganisms (aerobic plate count, total and fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus) on the hands of food-service employees. A questionnaire survey completed by direct interview, direct observation of restrooms by the researcher and trained observers, and microbiological examination according to the Food Code of Korea were carried out. In the survey, a positive attitude toward hand washing compliance was reported; however, improper hand washing and poor hand hygiene of the food-service employees were seen under direct observation. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between the questionnaire survey and the direct observations in hand washing compliance after using the toilet, duration of hand washing, use of hand washing agents, use of hand washing tools, washing of different parts of the hands, hand-drying method, temperature of water, and method of turning off the water. Samples taken from employees' hands before washing showed higher levels of bacteria than those taken during work and/or after washing (p<0.05). Poor hand washing practices were indicated by the positive results for total and fecal coliforms, E. coli, and S. aureus on the hands of some food-service employees. This study showed that there is a marked difference between the food-service employees' awareness of hand-washing and their actual hand-washing practices. The poor hand hygiene of and improper hand washing by the food-service employees should be addressed for improved food safety.