• 암석학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 1996

Contact-metamorphosed calc-silicate hornfels of the Hwanggangni formation adjacent to Daeyasan granite in Goesan are characterized by the mineral assemblages. tremolite-clinozoisite-alkali feldspar-calcite, diopside-grossular-vesuvianite, and wollastonite-diopside-phlogopite-grossular-vesuvianite, indicating low $X_{CO_2}$ condition during contact metamorphism. Two trends of fluid-rock interactions are recognized; combination of infiltration and buffering in the outer portion of the aureole and fluid-dominated behavior in the most part of the aureole. Modal abundance of diopside produced during metamorphism was measured in order to estimate fluid/rock ratios and permeabilities with the assumption that equivalent volume of fluids estimated from the fluid/rock ratios flow through the rock body. The calculated fluid/rock rations and permeabilities range from 0.6 to 9 and $10^{-19}$ to $10^{-17}$ meabilities in the calc-silicate hosted contact aureoles and expected values during progressive metamorphism by theories.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.66-70
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• 1985

This study was to investigate physical properties of the system $Ca(Mg_{1-x}Al_x) (Si_{2-x}Al_x)O_6$ by quenching method. This system $\chi$=0.1 to 0.3 had same crystal phase microstructure and similar properties. Bulk density microhardness thermal expansion coefficient and modulus of rupture of these solid solutions were 2.87~2.95g/cm3 850~900kg/$mm^2$, $7.5~7.8{\times}10^{-6}$/$^{\circ}C$ and 1950~1980kg/$cm^2$ respectively.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.161-169
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• 2003

한성 비정질 투휘석$(Ca,Mg)SiO_3$에 대한 상변이 연구를 압력은 다이아몬드앤빌기기를 이용하여 ∼30 GPa까지, 온도는 약(YAG) 레이저 가열기기를 이용하여 ∼$1000^{\circ}C$에서 조사(scanning)하여 시행하였다. 비정질 투휘석은 고온-고압 하에서 곧바로 등축정계에 속하는 단상의 $(Ca,Mg)SiO_3$페롭스카이트 결정구조로 상변이 하였다. 이러한 결과는 고온-고압 하에서 사방정계에 속하는 $MgSiO_3$페롭스카이트 상과 등축정계에 속하는 $CaSiO_3$페롭스카이트 상으로 분리되는 상변이를 하는 결정질 투휘석의 상변이 계통과는 큰 차이를 보이고 있다. 이러한 차이는 출발시료의 차이점이나 특히 온도가 상변이에 큰 영향인자로 작용하여 기인한 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 강변이 관계는 맨틀의 온도, 압력 및 산소분압 차이 등에 의해 맨틀전이대나 하부맨틀을 구성하는 광물상의 조합에 영향을 줄 수 있다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.558-564
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• 1992

The effect of composed phase in the hot pressed CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramic has been investigated through microstructure studies, thermal, physical and mechanical properties. Sintering was done in the condition at the temperature range 900~95$0^{\circ}C$ for 20~120 mins under 7.5 MPa unilateral pressure. Sintered ceramics were composed of diopside, anorthite, residual glass and the portion of each phase was dependent on the sintering temperature and the holding time: as the temperature increases, the amount of diopside increased and then the rate of increase of diopside reduced with increasing anorthite. The thermal expansion coefficient of hot pressed was reduced with increasing crystallinity of hot pressed and was in the range of 6.69~7.46$\times$10-6 K-1 below $600^{\circ}C$. The elastic constant of hot pressed increased with increasing crystallinity up to about 80%, but after that was reduced due to the change of microstructure. The flexural strength of sintered ceramics was decreased with higher temperature and holding time, while the fracture toughness of those increased. It was shown that the physical and mechanical properties of hot pressed ceramic were related to the fraction of composed sintered ceramics, similar to a particulate composite, to the crystallinity of 80% of the glass-ceramic.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.135-141
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• 1979

This study seeks to find optimum conditions for the heating schedule of the Diopside-Devitrite system, to find the amounts and the kinds of nucleus which effect the crystal growth and forming nucleus. Generally, crystallization in the glass depends on the number of nucleus growing in the internal system and the rate of crystal growth. In order to obtain homogeneous polystalline phae, Diopside as MgO source and $ZrO_2$.$P_2O_5$, $TiO_2$, NaF, $CaF_2$ as nucleating agents were added to the $Na_2O$.CaO.$6SiO_2$ glass. The results obtained were Summarized as follows. 1) Optimum Batch Composition of base glass is 76.82 wt.% $SiO_2$, 5.84 wt.% CaO, 4.54 wt.% MgO and 9.80 wt.% $Na_2O$. 2) Best heating schedule.140$0^{\circ}C$(Melting)coolinglongrightarrow95$0^{\circ}C$reheatinglongrightarrow$1100^{\circ}C$coolinglongrightarrowRoom Temp. 3) The optimum amounts of $ZrO_2$.$P_2O_5$, $TiO_2$ and $CaF_2$ are 3wt.% and that of NaF is 4 wt.% as a nucleating agents.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2008년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.9
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• pp.322-322
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• 2008

Low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) have turned out to be very promising technology in accordance with the rapid developments in semiconductor technology. The demands for compact electrical assemblies, smaller power loss as well as high signal density can be fulfilled by LTCC. And for the multi-layered ceramic devices with embedded passive components such as high dielectric constant decoupling capacitor, LTCC materials require the several conditions to avoid delamination and internal cracks. For the present study, diopside-based glass is chosen as the LTCC substrate material in view of its high coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). From the experimental resultsn the influence of each element on the CTE change can be revealed.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.26-36
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• 1989

Clinopyroxene in the Geodo mine belongs to diopside-hedenbergite series. It is widely distributed throughout the mine area together with garnet and is also closely related with Fe-mineralization. Clinopyroxenes in the Geodo mine including two samples from the sangdong and Ulchin Mines are studied using polarized microscope, EPMA, XRD, and IR spectroscopy for occurrence, chemistry, structure, and crystal chemistry. Especially, variations in unit-cell parameters are examined in relation with the substitution scheme between Fe and Mg cations. Clinopyroxenes in the Geodo mine occur in both endoskarn and exoskarn zone. It is mostly anhedral to subhedral with fine- to medium-grained in texture, but some have bigger crystals of short prismatic or columnar habits. Clinopyroxene occurs as monomineralic or is associated with mostly garnet and sometimes with actinolite, magnetite, epidote, and chlorite. Chemical analysis reveals that the Geodo clinopyroxene is diopsidic in composition (Di: 65-96%). This fact is in good contrast with garnet chemistry showing mostly andraditic (An: 41-82%). Especially, clinopyroxene coexisting with magnetite belongs to nearly end member diopside (Di: 97-99%). Thus, diopside-andradite pair indicates that Geodo skarns were formed under the reduced environment. X-ray diffraction analysis shows unit-cell parameters vary with increase of Fe contents: a = 9.765-9.838$\AA$, b = 8.943-9.020$\AA$, c= 5.240-5.253$\AA$.$\beta$ = 105.70-104.83$^{\circ}$, and V =440.64-448.19$\AA$3. It is noted from the least square regression that a, b and V increase linearly with increase of Fe content, while $\beta$ slightly decreases and c remains nearly unchanged as change in Fe content. These trends are to difference between synthetic and natural clinopyroxenes. This fact is also recognized in IR spectra which show a slight shift of several absorption bands toward lower wavenumber region with increasing Fe content.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.20-32
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• 1992

$Na_2O-CaO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2$계를 기본조성으로 하여 $Na_2O$에 $Li_2O 0.05wt%, $K_2O$를, CaO에 MgO 12.0wt%, ZnO 6.0%를 각각 치환하여 조성을 선정하였다. 기본 유리조성의 결정상은 wollastonite이고, 치환된 조성들은 diopside, diopside.tremolite의 혼정이 나타났다. $Na_2O$를 $Li_2O$로 치환한 시편은 열팽창계수가 감소하였지만 CaO를 ZnO로 치환한 시편은 열팽창 계수가 증가하였다. 곡강도에 있어서는 치환에 따라 모두 증가시켰다. 핵행성제로 $ZrO_2와 $CaF_2$를 각각 1~2wt%의 변화를 시켜본 결과 핵형성제 $ZnO_2$와 $CaF_2$가 1:1, 1:2인 시편은 $1000~1050^{\circ}C$온도에서 급격한 결정성장을 보였으며 1:2시편이 가장 낮은 열팽창 계수값을 나타냈다. 곡강도는 모두 $1000~1050^{\circ}C$의 결정화 온도 범위에서 높은 강도를 나타내었다. 결정화에 필요한 활성화 에너지는 Ozawa와 Kissinger식으로 plot하여 각각 55.24kcal/mol과 53.05kcal/mol이다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2016

The dependence of the microwave dielectric properties of the glass-ceramic composite $0.9CaMgSi_2O_6-0.1MgSiO_3$ on the crystallization behaviour was investigated as functions of the $TiO_2$ content and heat-treatment temperature. The crystallization behaviour of the specimens was evaluated via a combination of the Rietveld and reference-intensity ratio methods. For specimens with a $TiO_2$ content of up to 1 wt.%, a monoclinic diopside phase was formed, whereas a secondary $TiO_2$ phase was formed with further increases in the $TiO_2$ content. The quality factor (Qf) of the specimens was strongly dependent on the degree of crystallization. The highest Qf value was obtained with a $TiO_2$ content of 0.5 wt.%, which was improved by increasing the heat-treatment temperature. The dielectric constant (K) was affected by the size of the crystallites and the $TiO_2$ content. The temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency (TCF) was nearly constant for all of the specimens, regardless of the $TiO_2$ content or heattreatment temperature.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 1991

In the southern limb of the Hambaek geosyncline belt, large-scaled skarn deposits are developed in the Cambro-Ordovician sedimentary rocks of the Chosun Supergroup. They are the Sangdong tungsten deposit, Geodo iron-copper deposit, Yeonhwa I and II lead-zinc deposits, and Ulchin zinc-lead deposit, all of which are associated with various skarn minerals. Though different occurrences and paragenesis are found in different deposits, most skarn deposits always have skarns of garnet (andradite-grossular series) and clinopyroxene(heden-bergite-diopside series). Andradite and hedenbergite are Fe-dominant members, but show different oxidation states, that is, Fe3+ for andradite and Fe2+ for hedenbergite. According to iron chemistry and log([Fe/Al]gd/[Fe/Mg]cpx) derived from equilibrium reactions, the diopside-andradite and hedenbergite-grossular pairs suggest the oxidized state (dian type) and reduced state (hegro type), respectively. Among skarn deposits developed in the Hambaek geosynline, it can be classified that the Geodo and Yeonhwa I skarns are of dian type, while the Sangdong, Yeonhwa II, and Ulchin deposits are of hegro type. This classification is not applicable to all kinds of skarn deposits, but may be applicable to such deposits as are more controlled by oxygen fugacity than composition of skarn fluid.