• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.662-671
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to analyze university students' perception of service quality attributes in residence hall foodservice. Questionnaires were hand delivered to 1,210 university students residing in a residence hall. A total of 1,011 was usable, resulting in an 83.6% response rate. The survey was conducted between October, 1998 and May, 1999. A statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS/Win 6.12 for Descriptive Analysis, $X^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, Spearman Correlation, and Common factor Analysis, and Importance- Performance Analysis(IPA) was completed. Significant negative correlations between importance and performance were found with 'abundance of foods'(p < 0.001), 'discontent handling'(p < 0.001), and 'availability of new menus'(p < 0.01). factors including food, menu, sanitation, atmosphere, facilities, employee's attitude, and convenience were rearranged and a new dimension was created with the service. Employee's attitude and service factors received the highest scores in customer perception of importance and performance. Food, menu, and convenience factors were included in Quadrant A. female students had significantly higher importance mean scores than males, while males had significantly higher Performance mean scores. (Korean J Community Nutrition 5(4) : 662~671,2000)

• 공학교육연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of efficient problem-solving teams and inefficient problem-solving teams using SYMLOG. In this study, 35 college students majoring in engineering education at C university were organized into 7 teams and carried out technological problem solving projects over one semester. Based on the results of the team project, the top 2 teams were defined as efficient problem solving teams and the bottom 2 teams were defined as inefficient problem solving team, and analyzed the characteristics of the team using SYMLOG. The main results are as follows: First, an analysis of SYMLOG from efficient problem solving teams and inefficient problem solving teams showed that there was a difference between self-awareness and others' perception in terms of U(Upward)-D(Downward) dimension. Second, in the inefficient problem solving teams, there was a significant difference between self-awareness and others' in the F(Forward)-B(Backward) dimension. Third, there was no difference between self-awareness and others' in both efficient and inefficient teams at the P (Positive)-N(Negative) dimension. Fourth, an efficient problem-solving team had a clear leader, and there was a team member who supported the leader. On the other hand, the inefficient problem-solving team did not have a clear leader, or one person played the role of leader and there were no team members supporting the leader.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2015

Until Mandelbrot introduced the concept of fractal geometry and fractal dimension in early 1970s, it has been generally considered that the geometry of nature should be too complex and irregular to describe analytically or mathematically. Here fractal dimension indicates a non-integer number such as 0.5, 1.5, or 2.5 instead of only integers used in the traditional Euclidean geometry, i.e., 0 for point, 1 for line, 2 for area, and 3 for volume. Since his pioneering work on fractal geometry, the geometry of nature has been found fractal. Mandelbrot introduced the concept of fractal geometry. For example, fractal geometry has been found in mountains, coastlines, clouds, lightning, earthquakes, turbulence, trees and plants. Even human organs are found to be fractal. This suggests that the fractal geometry should be the law for Nature rather than the exception. Fractal geometry has a hierarchical structure consisting of the elements having the same shape, but the different sizes from the largest to the smallest. Thus, fractal geometry can be characterized by the similarity and hierarchical structure. A process requires driving energy to proceed. Otherwise, the process would stop. A hierarchical structure is considered ideal to generate such driving force. This explains why natural process or phenomena such as lightning, thunderstorm, earth quakes, and turbulence has fractal geometry. It would not be surprising to find that even the human organs such as the brain, the lung, and the circulatory system have fractal geometry. Until now, a normal frequency distribution (or Gaussian frequency distribution) has been commonly used to describe frequencies of an object. However, a log-normal frequency distribution has been most frequently found in natural phenomena and chemical processes such as corrosion and coagulation. It can be mathematically shown that if an object has a log-normal frequency distribution, it has fractal geometry. In other words, these two go hand in hand. Lastly, applying fractal principles is discussed, focusing on pulp and paper industry. The principles should be applicable to characterizing surface roughness, particle size distributions, and formation. They should be also applicable to wet-end chemistry for ideal mixing, felt and fabric design for papermaking process, dewatering, drying, creping, and post-converting such as laminating, embossing, and printing.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제13B권4호
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• pp.393-400
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• 2006

얼굴 인식에서 얼굴 이미지의 특정 추출 방법에는 여러 가지가 있다. 그러나, 얼굴 이미지의 대부분은 표본의 수보다 특정 변수의 수가 많기 때문에 이러한 점을 고려한 특정 추출 방법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 부분 최소제곱법을 이용하여 특정 벡터의 차원을 축소하는 방법을 제안한다. 전통적인 차원 축소 방법인 주성분 분석은 클래스의 정보를 고려하지 않고 최대 변이를 가지는 성분을 추출하기 때문에, 클래스의 구분에 필요한 특정을 필수적으로 추출하지 못한다. 이에 비해, 부분 최소제곱법은 클래스 변수에 대한 정보를 포함하여 성분을 추출한다. 그러므로, 분류를 하는데 있어서는 주성분 분석에 의해 추출된 성분보다는 부분 최소제곱법에 의해 추출된 성분이 보다 더 예측적이다. 맨체스터와 ORL 얼굴 데이터베이스를 이용하여 실험한 결과, 분류와 차원 축소 측면에서 주성분 분석 방법보다는 부분 최소제곱법을 이용한 방법이 그 성능이 우수함을 알 수 있었다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.975-992
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• 2009

Whereas many Dickinson scholars tend to focus on Emily Dickinson's anthropocentric dimension, her work also reveals an ecocentric aspect. On the one hand, influenced by New England Puritan typology and its offshoot Emersonian Transcendentalist idealism, Dickinson reveals her indebtedness to these two worldviews by emphasizing the invisible over the visible and the spiritual over the physical. At times, she reflects the common thread of the two outlooks-a hierarchical thinking, in which nature is inferior to human beings and does not have its own identity outside of human use. On the other hand, seeing through the downside of the hierarchical Emersonian idealism, Dickinson sometimes suggests an alternative stance on nature in a nonhierarchical way. She often appreciates nature for its own sake, becoming its neighbor and companion. This aligns Dickinson with modern ecocritics and ecofeminists who criticize a hierarchical anthropocentrism and promote an egalitarian ecocentrism in which natural and human beings are fellow citizens of the earth community. And yet, unlike most ecocritics who advocate a complete shift to an egalitarian paradigm, Dickinson embraces both anthropocentrism and ecocentrism in her poetry of "open portfolio." This openness stems from her belief in interrelatedness between God, nature, and human beings. Housing the two opposing perspectives in her poetry, she widely opens the possibility to choose the better way to relate to our sister and brother, nature.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.94-112
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• 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the quality of life (QOL) of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) between patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) and patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and to compare personal characteristic factors relating to the quality of life in patients with ESRD. Method: This study used a descriptive research design. The sample was recruited using purposive sampling that included 76 ESRD patients receiving either HD or CAPD at a dialysis clinic in Phraphutthabat Hospital, Saraburi Province, Thailand. Data was collected using the Quality of Life Questionnaire for Chronic Kidney Disease ($KDQOL-SF^{TM}$) version 1.3. Independent t-test and ANOVA procedures were used to analyze study data. Results: The results revealed that the HD patients had a moderate level of QOL. The highest scoring dimension of QOL was the encouragement of staff at the dialysis unit and patient satisfaction with the treatment (${\bar{X}}=100$, SD=.00), followed by social support (${\bar{X}}=89.29$, SD =16.88) and cognitive function (${\bar{X}}=88.57$, SD=11.82). On the other hand, the lowest scoring QOL dimension was physical problems (${\bar{X}}=50$, SD=51.89), and pain (${\bar{X}}=50$, SD=39.03), followed by work status (${\bar{X}}=53.57$, SD=45.84) and burden from kidney disease (${\bar{X}}=58.48$, SD=31.07). The CAPD patients also had a moderate QOL. The highest scoring QOL dimension was the encouragement of staff in the renal unit and patient satisfaction with the treatment (${\bar{X}}=100$, SD=.00), followed by social support (${\bar{X}}=95.61$, SD=14.20) and cognitive function (${\bar{X}}=88.83$, SD=13.52). The worst scoring QOL dimensions were work status (${\bar{X}}=44.44$, SD=42.72), general health (${\bar{X}}=53.61$, SD=39.05), and pain (${\bar{X}}=62.70$, SD=41.14). The difference overall and in each dimension of QOL in ESRD patients who were treated with HD and CAPD was not statistically significantly different. The QOL was not significantly different among patients with different personal characteristics except for income and duration of treatment; in those cases, the difference in QOL was statistically significant (p=.05). Conclusion: The overall QOL and life expectancy of patients with ESRD treated with HD and CAPD are not affected by gender, age, marital status, education, occupation, or type of health coverage. QOL was not significantly different, except for patients with different incomes and duration of renal replacement therapy, whose QOL was significantly different. The QOL of patients receiving dialysis should be studied to develop a QOL program for patients with chronic kidney disease who receive dialysis.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2003

I measured the movement range on the hinge articulator and the movement range in an oral. And then I studied to analyze the gap. I got wax records by the movement on the hinge articulator, the movement in an oral and the movement on the hand articulating. I measured the distance of the cusp tips that are close to the mesial direction and the distal direction, the buccal direction and the lingual direction then I compared gaps. As I saw results on data, I knew that the hinge articulator represented the range of mandibular movement restrictively. I could find the decisive contradiction that the sliding movement finished on the hinge articulator although it did not finish in an oral. If the sliding movement does not reappear exactly, it brings a fatal failure to the dental prosthesis. In addition it is impossible that the hinge articulator restores the movement in an oral because the lateral condyle inclination and the horizontal condyle inclination are fixed previously. Therefore dental prosthesisses were made by the hinge articulator, they will interfere with a mastication. I have obtained the following results; 1. The distance of sliding movement on the hinge articulator showed shorter than the distance of sliding movement in oral. This means the increase of cusp inclination of the dental prosthesis that was made on the hinge articulator. Therefore, when the lateral movement occurs in oral, there is a possibility to become the premature as the increase of cusp inclination. 2. The results that were impressed records in oral and impressed records on the hand articulating have many congruities. I think that the simple crown etc. that were made by the hand articulating method except the long span bridge and the free end case that can not measure the vertical dimension exactly can represent similarly the mandibular movement. 3. If we want to represent the mandibular movement similarly, we have to use the articulator that can adjust the horizontal condyle inclination and the lateral condyle inclination at least.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제16B권5호
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• pp.347-358
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• 2009

손동작을 인식하는 연구가 오랫동안 이뤄져 왔지만 대개의 시스템들이 값비싼 깊이 카메라를 사용하거나 여러 개의 카메라를 사용해 분석하는 등 그 비용이 크며 작동이 가능한 작업 공간이 지극히 제한적이었다. 본 논문에서는 가전제품을 원격 제어하기 위한 목적으로 두 개의 회전 모터를 사용해 작업 공간을 확대하고 저렴한 일반 카메라를 사용해서 효율적으로 손동작을 인식하기 위한 시스템을 제안한다. 이 시스템은 입력된 카메라의 자세 정보와 이미지상의 2차원적 손가락 위치 정보를 이용하여 3차원 궤적을 추정하고 이를 동작 평면으로 투영시켜 의미 있는 선형 동작 패턴으로 복원한다. 또한 본 논문에서는 개발된 시스템을 테스트하여 주어진 목적에 맞는 정확도를 가지는 작업 영역을 정의한다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.125-141
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• 1994

Alois Riegl's aesthetic theory of visual perception provided one of important conceptual backgrounds for Vienna Art Nouveau architecture. Riegls theory of visual perception consists of geometric style and two-dimensional transformation. Riegl's theory of geometric style is based on the modern aesthetic theory of abstraction, which says that the artistic perfection can be obtained not from a direct imitation of natural objects, but from an abstract transformation of them. Riegl's theory of two-dimensional transformation, on the other hand, aims at obtaining artistic perfection by disintegrating volumetric conditions of natural things into planes and combining the planes thus obtained into another new world of art. These two theories of Alois Rigl's provided an important aesthetical background for the design strategy of 'abstract ornamentaion of two-dimension' in Vienna Art Nouveau architecture. This paper is to review the basic concept of Alois Rigl's theory of geometric style and two-dimensional transformation.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2003년도 The 8th Asian Symposium on Precision Forging ASPF
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• pp.63-66
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• 2003

Forged gears have the obvious advantages with the greater utilisation of raw material and high productivity over the machined gears. The forged bevel gear has been used in differential gear for automotive with a high reliance. On the other hand, the studies have been continued to improve the accuracy and expand the applying areas. In this paper, a whole manufacturing process for forged gear from die design and cold forging to heat-treatment was introduced. The stress and elastic deformation for forging die have been analysed by the 3D-FEM-package. The real elastic deformation of die was measured by the strain-gages. The elastic deformation of die was reached to 1mm, in terms of the present study. The analysed quantitative dimension of die was taken into consideration into the CAD/CAM data for forging die.