• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2016

'Eojin', king's portraits, had been produced during the Joseon dynasty. The portrait of King Taejo, the founder of the Joseon dynasty, remain at National Palace Museum of Korea and Gyeonggijeon portrait hall in Jeonju and Junwonjeon portrait hall in North Korea that has been recorded in original glass plate photo in 1911. Many replica of Eojin have been made since it is important to preserve and protect original one. In this study, the portrait of King Taejo, which is possessed by National Palace Museum of Korea, was researched for making replication standard version of the original form. It was focused on derivations of each artefacts and drawing lines those had been described on the picture including comparison among three portraits of King Taejo. Producing the replication standard version of King Taejo's portrait, the digital restoration techniques by the method of partition area scanning was applied. Accurate and precise detail result that is taken by digital imaging technique gives additional information regarding the relations among three portraits of King Taejo.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.82-108
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• 2024

With the transition of archaeological recording method's transition from analog to digital, the 3D scanning technology has been actively adopted within the field. Research on the digital archaeological digital data gathered from 3D scanning and photogrammetry is continuously being conducted. However, due to cost and manpower issues, most buried cultural heritage organizations are hesitating to adopt such digital technology. This paper aims to present a digital recording method of relics utilizing open-source software and photogrammetry technology, which is believed to be the most efficient method among 3D scanning methods. The digital recording process of relics consists of three stages: acquiring a 3D model, creating a joining map with the edited 3D model, and creating an digital drawing. In order to enhance the accessibility, this method only utilizes open-source software throughout the entire process. The results of this study confirms that in terms of quantitative evaluation, the deviation of numerical measurement between the actual artifact and the 3D model was minimal. In addition, the results of quantitative quality analysis from the open-source software and the commercial software showed high similarity. However, the data processing time was overwhelmingly fast for commercial software, which is believed to be a result of high computational speed from the improved algorithm. In qualitative evaluation, some differences in mesh and texture quality occurred. In the 3D model generated by opensource software, following problems occurred: noise on the mesh surface, harsh surface of the mesh, and difficulty in confirming the production marks of relics and the expression of patterns. However, some of the open source software did generate the quality comparable to that of commercial software in quantitative and qualitative evaluations. Open-source software for editing 3D models was able to not only post-process, match, and merge the 3D model, but also scale adjustment, join surface production, and render image necessary for the actual measurement of relics. The final completed drawing was tracked by the CAD program, which is also an open-source software. In archaeological research, photogrammetry is very applicable to various processes, including excavation, writing reports, and research on numerical data from 3D models. With the breakthrough development of computer vision, the types of open-source software have been diversified and the performance has significantly improved. With the high accessibility to such digital technology, the acquisition of 3D model data in archaeology will be used as basic data for preservation and active research of cultural heritage.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.145-155
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• 2021

Recently because of development of technology the old cultural properties and damaged artworks are stored as digital information using digital technology and produced related contents as well as moving images or digital contents. The regenerated information and contents through digital technology conveys correct information of ancient art and helps audiences appreciate it, as well as it also stores accurate information and can be used for restoration and preservation of the work. In this study, the range of digital restoration was defined in three directions, and the exhibition of digital content with an ancillary role that can be useful the understanding of the heritage of nature and mankind using digital technology was defined as the range of digital restoration. In addition, the Ojukheon Museum in Kangneung and The Museum of Natural History in New York, which installed various digital displays to analyze and compare the types of digital display exhibitions used for digital restoration of the range, were described as examples. Through this, it was discovered that digital display exhibitions for digital restoration can effectively deliver information and stimulate participation and interest of visitors in the museums, which is able to be a positive way to preserve the heritage of nature and mankind.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.82-100
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• 2022

With the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic and the era of the 4th industrial revolution, archaeological heritage education has entered a new phase. This article responds to the trends in the post-COVID-19 era, seeking ways to develop archaeological heritage education and sustainable strategies necessary in the era of the 4th industrial revolution. The program of archaeological heritage education required in the era of the 4th industrial revolution must cultivate creative talent, solve problems, and improve self-efficacy. It should also draw attention to archaeological heritage maker education. Such maker education should be delivered based on constructivism and be designed by setting specific learning goals in consideration of various age-specific characteristics. Moreover, various ICT-based contents applying VR, AR, cloud, and drone imaging technologies should be developed and expanded, and, above all, ontact digital education(real-time virtual learning) should seek ways to revitalize communities capable of interactive communication in non-face-to-face situations. The development of such ancient heritage content needs to add AI functions that consider learners' interests, learning abilities, and learning purposes while producing various convergent contents from the standpoint of "cultural collage." Online archaeological heritage content education should be delivered following prior learning or with supplementary learning in consideration of motivation or field learning to access the real thing in the future. Ultimately, archaeological ontact education will be delivered using cutting-edge technologies that reflect the current trends. In conjunction with this, continuous efforts are needed for constructive learning that enables discovery and question-exploration.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.432-440
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• 2018

In this study, we propose a marine character prototype study for development of a marine character as digital contents. This study is a precedent study to build a marine character database with the production of digital contents based on "Jasan-urbo". "Jasan-urbo" is a representative cultural heritage that can highlight the value of Korean marine culture as the first illustrated book of marine creatures in Korea. Therefore, we examined the use value of "Jasan-urbo" through the content approach and looked at the visualization for character utilization and then designed a marine fish species classification standard model. Finally, this study proposed the possibility of discovering prototype sources for digitalization of Korean marine creature's resources.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.373-399
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• 2003

Legal deposit system is an essential tool for a national library to ensure the preservation and access to a nation's intellectual heritage over time. Substantial amounts of digital materials of national cultural value are already being published. There is a global trend towards extending legal deposit to cover digital materials in order to maintain comprehensive national archives. This paper gives a progress report of some countries around the world whose legal deposit laws have already updated or are under revision. Some strategies are suggested for the digital collection building of the Korean National Digital Library which will open in 2008.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.180-207
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• 2010

Technological innovations in the 21th Century greatly change the society. The radical advance in computer science brought changes and increased efficiency into society in general. The field of archaeology is also highly influenced and attempts to improve previous manually conducted field survey and research have been actively made. In order to supplement incomplete data set from archaeological excavation, the ways to use computer have been highly explored. GIS is one of them. However, use of GIS has been limited to document locations and to produce distribution map of features using digital map. There are no proper guides to employ GIS for academic research, so that it is hard for beginners to learn how to make use of GIS. In this paper, functions of GIS are introduced even for beginners, including definition of GIS and its archaeological use. It is also explained how to get DEM from digital map to do spatial pattern analysis. Various GIS special pattern analyses using DEM and 3D simulation are presented, as well.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.363-371
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• 2009

This study is purposed to investigate that current rubbing technique could be replaced by the photographic rubbing techniques with the photographic lighting and digital techniques. The lighting technique is based on the "texture description theory" using the electric flash and the intaglio epitaph was emphasized from the observation of the both side because it is purposed to decipher epitaph. The photographs were retouched using the photoshop to emphasize epitaph and the spots from the lichen on the tombstone were softened. Especially, it shows that faint epitaph could be deciphered if the digital techniques could be used practically even though some part of the epitaph was destroyed or peeled. Furthermore, it will help to investigate, protect and restore the cultural properties because it surely makes the recording of the material, weathering, peeling of the tombstone much easier than the current rubbing technique.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.306-314
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• 2020

The use of synthetic resins in ceramic restoration poses several challenges, including aging and potential damage to artifacts, which has raised the need to investigate new materials and restoration methods. This study set out to incorporate full color 3D printing into the 3D digital technology-based restoration method, an emerging approach currently being researched, and to print out missing parts with color information. After examining material physical properties with an experiment, the investigator printed out missing parts from a white porcelain vessel and grayish-blue-powdered celadon plate and compared them in chromaticity and brilliance. The experimental results show that the outputs had comparable tensile strength to the original restoration materials, whereas the recorded compressive strength was approximately 1.4~2 times higher than that of the original restoration materials. According to the NIST table of color difference values, the white porcelain vessel was visible at ΔE^*ab 1.55, and the grayish-blue-powdered celadon plate was perceivable at 3.34. Even though it was impossible to express the colors accurately owing to printer limitations, this non-contact approach reduced the possibility of damage to the minimum. In conclusion, it can be applied to objects with a high chance of damage or generate display effects through purposeful color differentiation in missing parts.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.36-63
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• 2020

Percival Lowell took photographs of 80s during his stay in Korea in the winter of 1883 and 1884. The photographs are the first in the history of Korea and contain various and precious information about Korea of the day. As such, they could be used for purposes of studying late 19th century Chosōn society. The 61 photographs that are archived in Boston Museum of Fine Art were catalogued by National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and have been posted online with incorrect explanations by Boston Museum of Fine Art. The explanations have been composed and revised at least four times on the basis of Lowell's writings and archivists' understandings of Korea. However these explanations contain many errors regarding the content of the photographs, yet have been cited by researchers and books concerning the history of Korea. I examined the explanations, analyzed Lowell's writings and diplomatic documents, and confirmed the locations where the photographs were taken. Accordingly, I suggest improved explanations of the photographs to prevent misuse of the Boston Museum of Fine Art's online archive. Lowell's photographs of Chosōn have very high historical value and could be used in various cultural fields because of their various contents and high definition. However, they belong to America and are not cared for sufficiently. Therefore, I suggest that high definition digital scans and prints of the photographs be generated for the sake of overseas Korean cultural heritage collection.