• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제22권2호통권57호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2007

The present study was conducted to find out effect of PFOS on survival, activity, growth and organ structure of the melania snail, Semisulcospira gottschei. Experimental groups were composed of one control condition and four PFOS exposure condition (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 mg/L). After 16 week exposure, survival rate and activity were not significantly influenced at the two lower exposure groups, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L, but they were significantly reduced in 1.0 and 5.0 mg/L groups. Total weight and meat weight rate (MWR) were reduced in PFOS exposure group in comparison to control group. Also, histological degenerations such as acidification of mucous, necrosis and split of muscular fiber bundle, atrophy of anterior pedal gland were recognized in the foot. Hepatopancreas showed the atrophy and degeneration of the digestive cell, vacuolation of digestive gland and closure of lumen in digestive gland.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.305-312
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• 2019

본 연구는 잣송이 추출물의 급여가 세미브로일러의 생산성, 소화기관 특성 및 장내 미생물에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 2주령 세미브로일러 20수를 급여 사료에 따라 4처리구(n=5/처리구; 대조구(-)[항생제 및 잣송이 추출물 무급여구], 대조구(+)[2% 항생제 급여구: 20 g/kg 기초사료], 2% 잣송이 ethanol 추출물 급여구[20 g/kg 기초사료] 및 2% 잣송이 ethanol-hexane 추출물 급여구[20 g/kg 기초사료])로 나누어 16일간 공시하였다. 종료 체중, 증체량 및 사료섭취량은 잣송이 ethanol 및 ethanol-hexane 추출물 급여구가 가장 낮았으나(P<0.05), 사료요구율은 잣송이 추출물 급여구들이 대조구(-)보다 낮았다(P<0.05). 근위 및 소장 무게는 잣송이 추출물 급여구들이 대조구(-)보다 낮았다(P<0.05). 소장 및 융모의 길이는 대조구와 잣송이 추출물 급여구들간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 장내 미생물 균총은 잣송이 추출물의 급여에 의해 개선되지 않았다. 따라서 잣송이 추출물의 급여는 세미브로일러의 사료요구율을 향상시켰으며, 소화기관의 무게에 영향을 미쳤다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2015

본 연구는 구리에 노출된 꼬막, Tegillarca granosa의 생존율, 호흡율 및 기관계의 반응을 알아보고자 하였다. 실험기간은 4주였으며, 실험구는 대조구와 구리 노출구 3개 (0.125, 0.250 and 0.500 mg/L) 였다. 실험 결과 구리는 꼬막의 생존율과 호흡률의 저하 및 기관계의 조직학적 변성을 유도하는 것이 확인되었다. 노출 종말점에서 0.500 mg/L의 구리 노출구에서 사망률은 66.7%였으며, 호흡률은 대조구에 비해 18.2%로 감소하였다. 기관계의 조직학적 분석 결과, 외투막 상피층과 결합조직층의 변성, 아가미 새엽 상피세포의 위축과 측면섬모의 소실, 발에서는 상피층의 붕괴, 점액의 산성화 및 혈림프동의 확장과 근섬유 다발의 변성을 나타냈다. 소화맹낭의 소화선세관에서는 호염기성세포와 상피세포의 위축 및 붕괴가 확인되었다.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 2000년도 공동 춘계학술대회
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• pp.74.2-74
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• 2000

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.462-468
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• 2004

In order to evaluate adaptation to the environment in released fish, digestive organ and body composition were compared among 1-year old cultured (CUL), released (REL) and wild (WIL) Black Sea Bream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli. Hepatosomatic index (HSI) of the REL was significantly lower than those of the CUL and WIL fish, but intestine weight index (IWI) of REL was significantly higher than those of the CUL and WIL fish. There were no significant differences in stomach weight index (SWI) and condition facto. (CF) among those different fish groups. The number of pyloric caeca of the REL and WIL fish were 4, but the $30{\%}$ of CUL fish was 3 counts. The moisture content of whole body in the WIL fish was significantly higher than the CUL and REL fish, but significant lowest in the crude lipid of whole body. The content of moisture and crude protein of dorsal muscle were no significant differences among the CUL, REL and WIL fish, but crude lipid content of WIL fish was significantly lower than the CUL and REL fish. Moisture content of CUL fish in the liver was significantly lower than the REL and WIL fish, and crude lipid was significant lowest in the WIL fish. Amino acid content of dorsal muscle in the WIL fish was highest in the total amino acid, EAA and E/A ratio, and CUL fish was highest EAA and E/A ratio in liver. EPA content in dorsal muscle of WIL fish was lower than CUL and REL fish, and the REL fish was highest in DHA content of the fatty acid. EPA content in liver of WIL fish was lower than CUL and REL fish, and DHA content in REL and WIL fish was highest and lowest. Crude protein content of CUL and WIL fish in the scale was significantly higher than REL fish, but there were no significant differences in contents of crude lipid and ash. Ca and P of scale were formed most of mineral and content of P in CUL fish was significantly higher than those of REL and WIL fish. There were no significant differences in Mg, K, Na and S of scale, but CUL fish was significantly lower than REL fish in C1. The results suggest that difference of digestive organs and body composition concluded it from differences of inhabitation environment and feed formulations.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2016

은대구의 소화관 상대길이 비는 1.52 (n=12)이며, 소화관은 위의 후방부에 5~6개의 유문수를 가진다. 점막주름의 형태는 식도와 위에서는 미분지형이지만 장에서는 분지형이다. 횡단면에서 소화관은 조직학적으로 점막층, 점막하층, 근육층 및 장막으로 구분할 수 있다. 식도의 점막상피층은 단층이며, 원주섬모상피세포들과 점액세포들로 구성된다. 위 점막층의 위선은 관상선으로 주세포, 벽세포 및 뮤신분비세포들로 구성된다. 뮤신분비세포는 원주형으로 AB-PAS (pH 2.5) 반응에서 분홍색과 푸른색을 나타내는 분비과립을 가진다. 장의 점막상피층은 단층이며, 원주섬모상피세포들과 배상세포들로 구성된다. 점막하층은 소성결합조직층으로 주로 교원섬유들로 구성되며, 식도에서 잘 발달되어 있다. 소화관의 근육층은 종주근층과 환상근층으로 구분되며, 위에서 잘 발달되어 있다. 간은 다수의 소엽구조와 담관들로 이루어져 있으며, H-E 염색에서 간세포의 세포질은 호산성이며, 핵과 인은 호염기성을 보였다. 췌장조직은 소화관 주변의 지방조직에 산재하며, 다수의 외분비세포들로 구성된 포상선이었다. H-E 염색에서 외분비선세포의 세포질은 호염기성을 나타내며, 다수의 호산성 전효소 과립들을 함유한다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2000

부화직후 자어는 전장 2.0 mm (n=10)이며, 약 $1,000{\times}590 {mu}m$ 크기의 난황낭과, 입방상피로 구성된 직선상의 소화관을 가진다. 전장 $3.5mm$ 자어의 소화관은 회전되어 있으며, 식도, 위, 장의 구분이 가능하며, 췌장에서는 외분비선이 관찰된다. 그리고 이 시기에 후장부에서는 점막주름과 호산성과립세포 및 선조연이 관찰된다. 전장 3.7mm시기에 난황은 완전 흡수되며, 전장부의 상피층 정단면에서 선조연이 구분된다. 전장 4.0mm 시기에 위에서 점막 주름의 형성과 췌장의 외분비선세포의 세포질에서 효소원과립이 확인되었다. 전장 $4.5{\~}5.0mm$ 시기에 간소엽의 구분이 가능하며, 장과 식도에서는 PAS에 양성을 보이는 점액분비세포들이 관찰된다. 전장 $6.3{\~}7.0mm$ 자어의 식도와 장에서는 조직충의 구분이 가능하다. 전장 9.0mm 시기에 위는 분문부, 체부, 유문부의 구분이 가능하며, 위체부에서 위선이 관찰되기 시작한다. 식도와 장의 조직학적 구조가 성체와 유사한 시기는 전장 $10.0{\~}11.0mm$의 치어기이며, 위는 전장 15.0mm에 성체와 유사한 조직학적 구조를 보였다. 본 연구 결과 감성돔의 기능적 소화관은 전장 15.0{\~}l7.0mm$의 치어기에 완성된다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 1975

Flacherie of all other silkworm diseases greatly affects cocoon crop as it is far-reaching and wide spreading. Fleacherie which kills silkworms caused by bacteria can be classified as bacterial digestive organ disease, and "Sotto" disease. Bacterial digestive organ disease is caused by the bacteria living in the silkworms alementary canal and a majority of flacherie belongs to this disease. Septicemia is caused by bacterias breeding in silkworms body fluid but its attach is comparatively limited during the larva period. "Sotto" disease is caused by eating mulberry leaves infected with bacteria which produce toxin and silkworms are intoxicated and killed by the toxin. The cause of flacherie is mainly due to a poor environment. The unclean and unsanitary silkworm rearing beds help bacterias breeding and bacteria enter silkworms body through mouth organ or skin. The present study is to investigate various causes of flacherie by means of pulverization of silkworm. Filtrated fluid is extracted by centrifuge and hypodermic of peroral inoculation-is given to young and medium silkworms of spring and autumn. The gained results of the experiment are summarized as follows： 1. Silkworms infected with flacherie were pulverized and their filtrated fluid was extracted by centrifuge and inspected under microscope to find polyhedron from the fluid. 2. The experimenting group of peroral inoculation. a) From the third day of peroral inoculation silkworms appetite generally decreased and ate less compared with the control group. b) After 7 days of the inoculation silkworms suffered from empty head, loose bowels and fainting. c) Some of the silkworms still ate but as were shown in Fig. 3 and 4 some dwarfish silkworms were found. d) There was no remarkable difference between 1st and 2nd instar inoculation groups. e) There was a tendency that the number of diseased silkworms was decerased as the increase of instars. 2. The experimental group of hypodermic inoculation a) Both of 3rd and 4th instar inoculation groups showed no remarkable singularity and the number of diseased silkworms decreased. b) The rate of diseased silkworms was comparatively low because the body fluid was acidy or toxin was hard soluble. Hypodermic inoculation could not give much harm to the silkworms compared to peroral inoculation.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.444-452
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• 2022

Objective: An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of crude protein (CP) and two rearing systems (cage and floor), on blood parameters and digestive and reproductive organ development of brown laying hens. Methods: A total of 400 Hisex Brown laying hens between 30 and 45 weeks of age were distributed in a completely randomized design and a 2×4 factorial arrangement, with main effects including two rearing systems (cage and floor) and levels of CP (140, 150, 160, and 180 g/kg), in a total of eight treatments and five replicates of 10 birds each with initial body weight of 1,877 g (laying hen in cage) and 1,866 g (laying hens in floor). The parameters evaluated were plasma total protein, albumin, uric acid, total cholesterol, relative weights of oviduct, abdominal fat, liver, gizzard, crest and dewlap, length of small intestine and oviduct. Results: The blood parameters were similar in birds reared in cage and floor systems. The birds reared on the floor showed greater small intestine and oviduct weight (%) and lower liver and pancreas weight (%). A significant interaction was observed between factors for the relative gizzard, crest and dewlap weight, serum protein, uric acid, and total cholesterol (p<0.05). The diets with 140 g/kg CP resulted in lower serum protein and lower cholesterol in birds reared in floor system, while birds reared in cage system showed no effect of CP on both parameters. Birds reared in cage and fed with 140 and 150 g/kg CP presented lower uric acid. The group of birds reared in floor system fed 180 g/kg had greater uric acid. Conclusion: The dietary protein level can be reduced up to 140 g/kg for Hisex Brown hens (30 to 45 weeks of age) without an important effect on metabolic profile and organ development in both rearing systems.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.27-47
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• 2006

Objectives : The aim of this study was to analyze how to treat various symptoms through the combination of Yoelgyoel $(LU_7)$ and Johae $(KI_6)$, according to reviewing the contents and data since Ling Shu (靈樞經) to recent literatures including thirty-five medical books. Methods : It was arranged and considered that the location, needling, and symptoms of each acupoint were described in various literatures before the publication of Chim Kyung Ji Nam (鍼經指南). Through various literature since the Publication of Chim Kyung Ji Nam, it was examined how to be recognized and be referred about Yoelgyoel $(LU_7)$ and Johae $(KI_6)$. Results and Conclusions : The location of Yoelgyoel is the superior 1.5cun at wrist joint striation, medial of extensor carpi radialis longus; the location of Johae is the depression part under foot medial condyle. Yoelgyoel is often used for respiratory organ disease, urinary organ disease, neuopsychiatory disease, musculoskeletal system disease; Johae is often used for urinary organ disease, circulatory organ disease. At Chim Kyung Ji Nam, Yoelgyoel is often used for thoraco-abdominal Pain, gynecological disease, digestive organ disease; Johae is often used for abdominal pain, gynecological disease, digestive organ disease. Therefore, these points are used together for general internal disease. As well, these are not directly continuous with Previous literatures from Chim Kyung Ji Nam. The combination of Yoelgyoel and Johae have been developed to the three categories as follows; it is quoted from as it is; it is reconstructed in the form of song; it has new symptoms enlarged. Consequently, the combination of Yoelgyoel and Johae was not bind to the rule of Up-Bottom harmony (上下配合), but asserted for the rule of Ju-Eng harmony (主應配合), which add specific acupoints to e combination of Yolgyol and Chohae as the complication of the symptoms.