• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to observe the spread and implementation of acupuncture as an official medical treatment in France. This research is based on the study of the scientific magazine produced by the Association of Acupuncturist Doctors of France from 1945 to 2008 as well as medical and sociological studies. Western medicine was introduced and spread in Korea about one hundred years ago and is the foundation of modern Korean medicine. Nowadays it is more commonly employed than traditional Oriental medicine. Oriental medicine was introduced in France in the 17th century but only acupuncture gained notoriety. The French Faculty of Medicine officially chose to legalize acupuncture after WWII but only allowed doctors to study acupuncture. It takes three years to obtain an Inter-University Degree(DIU) in acupuncture therapy. Why would the Faculty of Medicine make a holistic treatment system official that is in opposition to the systematic treatment method of the Western medicine? The second question posed is, does Western Academia still recognize acupuncture as a viable treatment method? The final question addressed is, has acupuncture any real impact on medical treatment of the French Society?

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2014년도 임시총회 및 하계학술연구발표회
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• pp.82-83
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• 2014

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 1993년도 제4회 학술발표회 논문개요집
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• pp.6-6
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• 1993

With brief instroduction of fabrication methods of dia.ond fillls by plasma CVD, recent progress in diamond research mainly done in the author's laboratory at Osaka University is reviewed.especially on the following topics: "low temperature diallond fabrication", "ion implantation", "hydrogen plasma treatment of ion-implanted diaaond to remove ion-induced damage", "Oxygen diffusion into the bulk assisted by the hydrogen treatllent", and "hole-burning effect".ffect".

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.486-491
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• 2008

The effect of annealing treatment conditions on the interfacial adhesion energy between electrolessplated Ni film and polyimide substrate was evaluated using a $180^{\circ}$ peel test. Measured peel strength values are $26.9{\pm}0.8,\;22.4{\pm}0.8,\;21.9{\pm}1.5,\;23.1{\pm}1.3,\;16.1{\pm}2.0\;and\;14.3{\pm}1.3g/mm$ for annealing treatment times during 0, 1, 3, 5, 10, and 20 hours, respectively, at $200^{\circ}C$ in ambient environment. XPS and AES analysis results on peeled surfaces clearly reveal that the peeling occurs cohesively inside polyimide. This implies a degradation of polyimide structure due to oxygen diffusion through interface between Ni and polyimide, which is also closely related to the decrease in the interfacial adhesion energy due to thermal treatment in ambient conditions.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 1999

본 연구는 갈색부후균인 Tyromyces palustris와 Gloeophyllum traseum에 의해 인공적으로 부후된 소나무 시험편을 대상으로 붕산염 막대를 이용한 부후재 구제처리 가능성을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 붕산염 막대 처리에 의한 구제처리, 즉 붕산염 막대로부터 화산${\cdot}$이동된 붕소 성분에 의한 기 존재하던 부후균의 박멸과 그 후 부후재에 잔존하는 붕소 성분에 의한 부후균의 재가해 예방이 가능함을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 보다 효과적인 구제처리를 위해서는 붕산염 막대 삽입 지점으로부터 확산거리에 따른 붕소 성분의 보유량 경사를 완만하게 하여 줌이 필요한데, 앞으로 확산기간의 연장과 붕소 투여량이 붕소 성분의 보유량 경사에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구가 필요하다고 본다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.339-347
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was investigated the bonding strength of two kinds of Ni-Cr alloy with respect to the condition of surface treatment. Methods: The surface treatment was performed on the two kinds of Ni-Cr alloy (B alloy and R alloy) specimens, which were sandblasted with $50{\mu}m$, $110{\mu}m$, and $250{\mu}m$ aluminium oxide and were treated with opaque application (paste and wash opaque). The roughness on the surfaces of the specimens was observed. The metal-ceramic interfaces were analyzed with EPMA in order to ionic diffusion, and the shear test was performed. Results: The BA250 specimen, which has higher surface roughness, showed the highest bonding strength in B specimens. In R specimens, the bonding strength of RA110 specimen was the highest. Conclusion: B specimen formed a mechanical bond between metal-ceramic interfaces; however, in the case of R specimen, a chemical bond was formed between that interfaces. There was no significant statistical difference between the bonding strengths of two types of specimens (p>0.05).

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.348-352
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• 2014

High-flow vertebral arteriovenous fistulas (VAVF) are rare complications of cervical spine surgery and characterized by iatrogenic direct-communication of the extracranial vertebral artery (VA) to the surrounding venous plexuses. The authors describe two patients with VAVF presenting with ischemic presentation after C1 pedicle screw insertion for a treatment of C2 fracture and nontraumatic atlatoaxial subluxation. The first patient presented with drowsy consciousness with blurred vision. The diffusion MRI showed an acute infarction on bilateral cerebellum and occipital lobes. The second patient presented with pulsatile tinnitus, dysarthria and a subjective weakness and numbness of extremities. In both cases, digital subtraction angiography demonstrated high-flow direct VAVFs adjacent to C1 screws. The VAVF of the second case occurred near the left posterior inferior cerebellar artery originated from the persistent first intersegmental artery of the left VA. Both cases were successfully treated by complete occlusion of the fistulous portion and the involved segment of the left VA using endovascular coil embolization. The authors reviewed the VAVFs after the upper-cervical spine surgery including C1 screw insertion and the feasibility with the attention notes of its endovascular treatment.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.1284-1292
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• 2006

Heat treatment is a controlled heating and cooling process to improve the physical and/or mechanical properties of metal products without changing their shapes. Today finite element method is widely used to simulate lots of manufacturing processes including heat treatment and surface hardening processes, which aims to reduce the number of time- and cost-consuming experimental tryouts. In this study we tried, using this method, to simulate the full carburizing process that consists of carburizing, diffusing and quenching, and to predict the distribution of carbon contents, phase fraction and hardness, thermal deformation and other mechanical characteristics as the results. In the finite element analysis deformation, heat transfer, phase transformation and diffusion effects are taken into consideration. The carburizing process of a lock gear, a part of the car seat recliner, that is manufactured by the fine blanking process is adopted as the analysis model. The numerical results are discussed and partly compared with experimental data. And a combination of process parameters that is expected to give the highest surface hardness is proposed on the basis of this discussion.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of ceramic fused to Ni-Cr alloy(Alophaloy) by heat treatment. Methods: The specimens were divided into 5 groups according to heat treatment conditions prior to porcelain application. Eighteen specimens from each group were subjected to the shear load a universal testing machine using a 0.1mm/min cross-head speed and two specimens from each group were observed with SEM and EDX line profile. Results: The observation of the oxide film on the metal surface by SEM photograph showed a coarsening with an increasing degassing hold time. The diffusion of metal oxide was observed farther from the opaque layer in the heat treated specimen than no heat treated specimen. The shear bond strength measured highest to A5(55.23MPa) in the 10min holding group and measured lowest from A1(24.38MPa) in the no heat treated group, and there was a significant difference(p<0.05). Conclusion: The shear bond strength of Ni-Cr alloy improved in the heat treatment compared to the no heat treatment specimen.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.412-417
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• 2006

Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) is a corticosteroid that is used in the systemic and topical treatment of many inflammatory diseases. In this study, a phonophoretic drug delivery system was designed to enhance the TA permeability and the influence of ultrasound was examined. In order to establish the transdermal delivery system for TA, a hydrophilic carbopol gel containing TA was prepared after adopting phonophoresis. A permeation study through mouse skin was performed at $37^{\circ}C$ using a Franz diffusion cell, and the ultrasound treatment was carried out for 10 h. The level of TA permeation through the skin was evaluated under various ultrasound conditions including the frequency (1.0, 3.0 MHz), intensity (1.0, $2.5W/cm^2 $), and duty cycle (continuous, pulse mode) using a 0.5% TA gel. The highest permeation was observed under the ultrasound treatment conditions of low frequency, high intensity, and in continuous mode.