• Language and Information
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-26
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• 2000

The purpose of this paper is to establish the standard method of evaluation English-to-Korean MT systems We focus on test suites, evaluation procedure and evaluation results. Four computer programs on the market are tested on a test suite consisting of 1,501 sentence, The quality of translation and the capacity of MT system are the key points for evaluation . The sentences in the suite are classified according to the grammatical properties they reveal. The classificatory scheme has the structure of a directory: each sentence belongs to a subclass, which belongs to a major class,. We place the sentences in the test suite on a scale of difficulty (hard ordinary easy) and each output sentence is graded on a scale of four accuracy levels. We also test the programs with respect to their speed.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.323-337
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• 2011

Israel's coastal region consists, mainly, of Pleistocene and Holocene sands with varying degrees of calcareous cementation, known locally as "kurkar". Previous studies of these materials emphasized the difficulty in their geotechnical characterization, due to their extreme variability. Consequently, it is difficult to estimate construction stability, displacements and deformations on, or within these soils. It is suggested that SPT and Menard pressuremeter tests may be used to characterize the properties of these materials. Values of elastic modulus obtained from pressuremeter tests may be used for displacement analyses at different strain levels, while accounting for the geometric dimensions (length/diameter ratio) of the test probe. A relationship was obtained between pressuremeter modulus and SPT blow count, consistent with published data for footing settlements on granular soils. Cohesion values, for a known friction angle, are estimated, by comparing field pressuremeter curves to curves from numerical (finite element or finite difference) analyses. The material analyzed in the paper is shown to be strain-softening, with the initial cohesion degrading to zero on development of plastic shear strains.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.3
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• pp.133-145
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• 1994

Performance evaluation is essential for the successful management and operation of MIS. The more MIS grows and relevant investment enlarges, the more performance evaluation grows in importance. However, MIS managers as well as top management still have difficulty in evaluating the performance of MIS. This arises from various reasons, such as the specialty of MIS, diversified influences of MIS, multidimensionality of evaluation items, and the difference between evaluation levels. In this paper, MIS is understood in a broad sense. MIS's scope is of a very wide range from each application system to system innovation view. The MIS should support the firm's objectives, and, consequently, MIS evaluation should be implemented at corporate level, not merely at application system level. The most critical problem of MIS evaluation is that a systematic frame covering various viewpoints and factors of MIS evaluation does not exist. Not a single measure covers all aspects of MIS evaluation. To help resolve this problem, this paper proposes an hierarchical approach for practical use that includes most aspects of evaluation approaches from previous studies, and, furthermore, emphasizes the evaluation of strategic aspects of MIS.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.251-264
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• 1994

There are a considerable number of instruments in testing science process skills in Korea as well as America and Europe. However, it has been difficult to find the instruments encompass the wide range of scientific process skills. Most instruments developed and used in Korea were focused on a school level or a few components of scientific process skills. In this study, the researchers examined the whole body of scientific process and identified 10 component skills. Three items for each component process skills were developed and revised by two pilot tests. The final instruments showed moderate difficulty, discrimination index, reliability, and validity. The instrument was also tested the usability by finding differences of students' ability on science process skills by grade levels, sexes, and city size. The results showed that the instrument was proved to be useful to discriminates the differences.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.269-277
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• 2013

Purpose: The purposes of the study were to identify level of health literacy and factors influencing health literacy of migrant workers. Methods: Data were collected using a cross sectional correlational design. Participants were 128 migrant workers in Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The health literacy level of migrant worker was low and they had difficulty in understanding patient education materials and medical forms. Factors influencing health literacy were residential areas (city or rural), education level, length of stay in Korea, and ability to understand spoken Korean. Regression model accounted for 14.2% of the variance in health literacy. Conclusion: Lower levels of health literacy make it difficult for migrant works to visit medical facilities and perform health behaviors appropriately. Therefore, diverse strategies should be developed by nurses to enhance the health literacy level of migrant workers.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.59-65
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• 2015

The extraction of third molars is a common task carried out at dental/surgery clinics. Postoperative pain is one of the two most common complications of this surgery, along with dry socket. Knowledge of the frequent risk factors of this complication is useful in determining high-risk patients, planning treatment, and preparing the patients mentally. Since the risk factors for postoperative pain have never been summarized before while the risk factors for dry socket have been highly debated, this report summarizes the literature regarding the common predictors of postextraction pain. Except for surgical difficulty and the surgeon's experience, the influences of other risk factors (age, gender and oral contraceptive use) were rather inconclusive. The case of a female gender or oral contraceptive effect might mainly be associated with estrogen levels (when it comes to dry socket), which can differ considerably from case to case. Improvement in and unification of statistical and diagnostic methods seem necessary. In addition, each risk factor was actually a combination of various independent variables, which should instead be targeted in more comprehensive studies.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.303-303
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• 2000

It is difficult to determine the static axle weight of a vehicle with weigh-in-motion systems which in absence measure instantaneous axle impact forces. The difficulty in determining a static axle weight results from dynamic effects induced by vehicle/road interactions. One method to improve the problem is to quantify a statistical confidence level for measured axle weight. The quarter-car model is used to simulate vehicle motion, Also, the road input to vehicle model can be characterized in statistical terms by PSD (power spectral density) of appropriate amplitude and frequency contents other than an exact spatial distribution. The confidence levels for the measured axle weight can be obtained by the random process analysis using both vehicle model and road input.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.545-550
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• 1997

It is well known that Statistical Energy Analysis(SEA) is one of very attractive analytical methods to solve shipboard noise problems. With reasonable successes, many applications of SEA to shipboard noise prediction have been reported. However when one wishes to obtain theoretical predictions by using SEA in practical systems, he will find difficulty in modeling of source systems, that is, foundations where to place main engine, generator, compressor, and so on. Also, he will find that it is hard to determine the amount of power flow from machinery to structures. In this paper, SEA of a simple foundation model was carried out using the estimated amount of power flow from source; the estimated mobility method. The comparison between the estimated and measured results is presented. That comparison shows a method to get structure-borne noise power from the combination of machinery and foundation. This prediction method gave a good results for a air-compressor mounted on a model foundation. The method is expected to give a reasonable power output in practical problems.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 1991

For the purpose of extending the fields of biological preconceptual studies, the conceptions of plant classification, which have not been researched on them in korea, were selected and a questionnaire were administered to a sample of a total of 965 students at elementary and secondary school levels of korea. Many elementary school students have the alternative conceptions that plants are not alive. The misconceptions in plant classification are partly caused by the uncertainty of biological terms. To serve the teachers, who have difficulty in teaching them, the preceeding results are summarised with Composition the misconception maps.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.2765-2770
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• 2008

The purpose of tunnel ventilation system for long road tunnels is to keep certain levels of Visibility Index and the concentration of CO. Additional equipments such as jet fans are used in road tunnel to discharge pollutants in the road tunnel. The control algorism of tunnel ventilation system takes the value of sensors as input, and then gives the operation method of jet fans in tunnel as output. Information on the variation of CO concentration in tunnel when jet fans are running is needed to minimize their operation time. Numerical analysis is used in this paper because of the difficulty of conducting experiments under standard condition for ventilation of road tunnel. The concentration of CO has been calculated by using 3-dimensional CFD under transient condition with speed of cars, quantity of air ventilation, and the results for various operation position of jet fans are compared.