• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.1015-1025
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• 2019

Objectives: There have been many studies reporting the clinical value of Euphorbia kansui Radix or Melonis Calyx, but few systematic studies of the changes that may occur after taking such herbal medication. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the patient group, possible changes in blood test and InBody test results, and to discover the current state and future direction of clinical use of Euphorbia kansui Radix or Melonis Calyx. Methods: This study investigated patients who were hospitalized at Kyung-Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital for at least two days from 1 March 2016 to 1 March 2019, specifically evaluating patients aged 19 and over who underwent blood tests, including an electrolyte test and an InBody test before and after taking Euphorbia kansui Radix or Melonis Calyx. Results: Among a total of 134 patients, 72 patients (53.7%) were treated with Euphorbia kansui Radix and 62 patients (46.3%) were treated with Melonis Calyx, in the context of previously diagnosed abnormal weight gain. Laboratory findings were that Na and K levels were significantly reduced in both groups. In an InBody test, body mass index (BMI), intracellular water, extracellular water, protein, mineral, and skeletal muscle were significantly reduced in both groups. Conclusions: From these results, we suggest that, although Euphorbia kansui Radix and Melonis Calyx may not induce serious adverse effects, attention should be paid to the electrolyte level with the use of these treatments. In terms of syndrome differentiation, more clinical uses will be available in the future.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.424-429
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• 2006

In the present study, a human mammary epithelial cell (HMEC) culture model was developed to evaluate the potential involvement of carrier-mediated transport systems in drug transfer into milk. Trypsin-resistant HMECs were seeded on $Matrigel^{circledR}-coated$ filters to develop monolayers of functionally differentiated HMEC. Expression of the specific function of HMEC monolayers was dependent of the number of trypsin treatments. Among the monolayers with different numbers of treatment (treated 1 to 3 times), the monolayer treated 3 times (3-t-HMEC monolayer) showed the highest maximal transepithelial resistance and expression of $\beta-casein$ mRNA as an index of differentiation. Transport of tetraethylammonium (TEA) across the 3-t-HMEC monolayer in the basolateral-to-apical direction was significantly higher than that in the apical-to-basolateral direction (p<0.05), whereas such directionality was not observed for p-aminohippurate, suggesting the existence of organic cation transporters, but not organic anion transporters. In fact, expression of mRNAs of human organic cation transporter (OCT) 1 and 3 were detected in the 3-t-HMEC monolayer. These results indicate that the 3-t-HMEC monolayer is potentially useful for the evaluation of carrier-mediated secretion of drugs including organic cations into human milk.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2006

Ultrastructure of germ cell differentiation during supermatogenesis and the reproductive cycle in male Patinopecten yessoensis was studied by histological and cytological observations. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) in males rapidly increased and reached a maximum in April when seawater temperature gradually increased. Then the GSI gradually decreased from May through July when spawning occurred. Accordingly, monthly changes in the GSI in males coincided with testicular maturation and spawning periods. The sperm morphology of P. yessoensis belongs to the primitive type and showed general characteristics of external fertilization species. The head of the spermatozoon is approximately $3.50{\mu}m$ in length: the sperm nucleus and acrosome are approximately $2.90{\mu}m\;and\;0.60{\mu}m$ in length, respectively. The nuclear type of the spermatozoon is vase in shape, and the acrosome is cone type. The axoneme of the tail flagellum consists of nine pairs of microtubules at the periphery and a pair of central microtubules in the center The satellite body (which is formed by the centriole) and four mitochondria appear in the middle piece of the spermatozoon. The spawning period was from April through July and the main spawning occurred from May to June when seawater temperatures gradually increased. The reproductive cycle of this species can be classified into five successive stages; early active stage (September to November), late active stage (October to March), ripe stage (February to August), spawning stage (April to July), and spent/inactive stage (July to November).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권3호
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• pp.664-678
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• 2023

To improve culture efficiency of Hanwoo myosatellite cells, these cells were cultured at different temperatures. Hanwoo myosatellite cells were compared with C2C12 cells to observe proliferation and differentiation at culture temperatures of 37℃ and 39℃ and determine the possibility of using them as cultured meat. Immunofluorescence staining using Pax7 and Hoechst, both cells cultured at 37℃ proliferated better than cultured at 39℃ (p < 0.05). When differentiated cells were stained with myosin and Hoechst, there was no significant difference in myotube thickness and Fusion index (p > 0.05). In Western blotting analysis, Hanwoo myosatellite cells were no significant difference in the expression of myosin between cells differentiated at the two temperatures (p > 0.05). C2C12 cells were no significant difference in the expression of myosin between cells differentiated at the two temperatures (p > 0.05). In reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, Hanwoo myosatellite cells cultured at 39℃ had significantly (p < 0.05) higher expression levels of MyHC, MYF6, and MB than those cultured at 37℃. C2C12 cells cultured at 39℃ showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher expression levels of MYOG and MB than those cultured at 37℃. To increase culture efficiency of Hanwoo myosatellite cells, proliferating at 37℃ and differentiating at 39℃ are appropriate. Since results of temperature differences of Hanwoo myosatellite cells were similar to those of C2C12 cells, they could be used as a reference for producing cultured meat using Hanwoo satellite cells.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2008

1998년 3월부터 1999년 2월까지 전라남도 대흑산도 연안에서 채집한 비단가리비를 대상으로 생식소중량지수, 생식세포 분화 및 난소주기를 조직, 세포학적 관찰에 의해 조사하였다. 초기 난황형성 난모세포에서, 골지체, 미토콘드리아 및 조면소포체들은 지방적 형성에 관여하였다. 후기난황형성난모세포에서 생식상피상에 존재하는 외인성 물질들 즉, 글리코겐 입자들 및 지방 과립상 물질들이 난황막의 미세융모를 통해서 난모세포의 난질로 통과해 들어갔다. 후기난황형성난모세포에서, 난황과립들과 다포체들은 단백질성 난황과립형성에 관여하였다. 난황형성과정은 내인성 자율합성과 외인성 타가합성에 의해서 일어난다. 보조세포들은 초기단계인, 전난황형성 난모세포 및 초기 난황형성 난모세포들의 형성 및 발달에 영양세포로서 기능을 한다. 생식소 중량지수의 월별 변화는 난소 발달단계들과 밀접한 관련을 가지며 변하였다. 본 종의 생식주기는 초기활성기(1~3월), 후기활성기(3~4월), 완숙기(4~8월), 부분산란기(6~8월), 퇴화 및 비활성기(8~12월)의 5단계로 구분되었다. 산란은 6~8월 사이에 일어나며, 주산란기는 수온이 높은 7~8월이었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.173-180
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• 1987

본 시험은 참깨 발병(병원균 : Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica)에 대한 품종저항성 검정방법 확립을 위해 실시하였다. 공식작물의 묘령, 접종방법, 토양수분상태 및 접종원의 농도는 공시한 중도저항성계통 B-67, IS 103과 나병성계통 수원9호, 수원 2006 모두의 병진전속도와 발병심도에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 파종후 20일된 유묘에 1 $m\ell$당 200개 포자상의 접종원을 폿트(8$\times$16.7$\times$7.2cm)당 10$m\ell$씩 토양표면에 접종한 후 저면관수로 토양수분을 포화상태로 유지하였을 때 계통간 저항성의 차이를 갈 볼 수 있었다. 묘령 70일의 성묘를 사용하였을 때는 토양접종을 하였을 때나 분무접종을 하였을 때 모두 계통간 저항성 차이를 잘 볼 수 있었다. 전술한 유묘검정방법에 의해 이병성계통인 수원2006는 이병주율로는 100%, 발병심도로는 최대치인 9.0을 보였다. 반면에 중도저항성계통인 B- 67은 이병수율로는 20%, 발병심도로는 1.7을 보였다. 발병심도는 0에서 9까지 지수화하여 나타내었다. 예를 들면, 발병심도 0은 병징이 없는 상태, 5는 지면부 줄기가 변색된 경우, 9는 잎마름증상과 함께 줄기변색이 지면부로 부터 10cm 이상인 경우이다. 품종간 저항성의 차이는 병총면적률로도 조사를 하였으며, 이 결과는 발병심도로 조사한 검정결과와 잘 일치하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.616-627
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• 2014

The Lanyu is a miniature pig breed indigenous to Lanyu Island, Taiwan. It is distantly related to Asian and European pig breeds. It has been inbred to generate two breeds and crossed with Landrace and Duroc to produce two hybrids for laboratory use. Selecting sets of informative genetic markers to track the genetic qualities of laboratory animals and stud stock is an important function of genetic databases. For more than two decades, Lanyu derived breeds of common ancestry and crossbreeds have been used to examine the effectiveness of genetic marker selection and optimal approaches for individual assignment. In this paper, these pigs and the following breeds: Berkshire, Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire, Meishan and Taoyuan, TLRI Black Pig No. 1, and Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station Black pig are studied to build a genetic reference database. Nineteen microsatellite markers (loci) provide information on genetic variation and differentiation among studied breeds. High differentiation index ($F_{ST}$) and Cavalli-Sforza chord distances give genetic differentiation among breeds, including Lanyu's inbred populations. Inbreeding values ($F_{IS}$) show that Lanyu and its derived inbred breeds have significant loss of heterozygosity. Individual assignment testing of 352 animals was done with different numbers of microsatellite markers in this study. The testing assigned 99% of the animals successfully into their correct reference populations based on 9 to 14 markers ranking D-scores, allelic number, expected heterozygosity ($H_E$) or $F_{ST}$, respectively. All miss-assigned individuals came from close lineage Lanyu breeds. To improve individual assignment among close lineage breeds, microsatellite markers selected from Lanyu populations with high polymorphic, heterozygosity, $F_{ST}$ and D-scores were used. Only 6 to 8 markers ranking $H_E$, $F_{ST}$ or allelic number were required to obtain 99% assignment accuracy. This result suggests empirical examination of assignment-error rates is required if discernible levels of co-ancestry exist. In the reference group, optimum assignment accuracy was achievable achieved through a combination of different markers by ranking the heterozygosity, $F_{ST}$ and allelic number of close lineage populations.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.85-95
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• 1987

The host rocks of titaniferous magnetite deposits in Gonamsan are alkaline gabbros, which are typical of undersaturated alkaline rocks in terms of the lack of normative quartz. According to field occurrences and petrographic features, these alkaline gabbros are divided into 3 rock types: coarse-grained and pegmatitic rock, medium-grained rock with equigranular texture, and layered cumulate rock. All these rocks mainly contain clinopyroxene(salite), plagioclase(An 43-66), pargasite, and ilmenite. The accessory minerals are apatite, sphene, quartz, and sometimes titaniferous magnetite. Pargasite, sphene, and quartz are considered to be secondary minerals formed by the reaction among clinopyroxene, plagioclase and Fe-Ti oxide at deuteric stage. Fe-Ti oxides generally occur as ilmenite in the alkaline rocks, and titaniferous magnetite in the ore deposits. Layered cumulate rocks are characterized by a recurrence of discontinuous thin mesolayer of clinopyroxene-pargasite within leucolayer mainly composed of plagioclase. Clinopyroxene is cumulus mineral whereas plagioclase, ilmenite and apatite occur as intercumulus minerals. According to the variation diagrams of oxide and trace element contents against the differentiation index, incompatible elements, such as Na, Ba and Sr, show positive correlations whereas compatible elements, such as Mg and Cr, show negative correlations. However some compatible elements, such as Co, Ni and V show irregular variations, reflecting relative cumulate status of cumulus and intercumulus minerals. On the de la Roche multicationic diagram, these alkaline gabbros are distributed along the differentiation curve of undersaturated alkaline series from alkaline basaltic composition through basanitic composition to tephritic composition. Layered cumulate rocks, which are distributed between basanitic composition and tephritic composition, reflect their cumulate character, slightly scattering away from the curve. The medium-grained rock shows higher contents in Ba, Sr and light rare earch elements than the coarse-grained and pegmatitic rock. The former shows two times higher contents of total rare earth elements than the latter, $while(La/Lu)_{cn}$ ratios maintain fairly constant values of 5.08~5.06 in these two rocks. This means that coarse-grained and pegmatitic rock, as compared with the medium-grained rock, was formed by the earlier differentiated magma but rare-earth element distribution pattern remained almost parallel during differentiation. From the data the above mentioned, these alkaline gabbros are considered to be comagmatic and to be formed by intrusions of differentiated magmas in its reservoir.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.529-533
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• 2011

라미닌-1에 의해 분화가 유도되는 것으로 알려져 있는 HSG 및 PC-12에서는 라미닌-1에 의해 MT 유전자의 발현이 유도되었지만 반면 분화 역량을 지니지 않은 암세포인 유방암(MDA-231, MDA-435) 세포와 전립선 암인 PC-3 세포에서는 라미닌-1의 처리가 MT 유전자의 변화에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것이 관찰되었다. 라미닌-1에 의해 분화가 유도되는 현상 및 이에 따른 MT 유전자의 발현증가가 암의 전이 능력 및 악성화와 관계가 있는지를 관찰하기 위해 정상에서부터 전이 및 악성 정도가 다른 5가지 종류의 전립선 암을 대상으로 라미닌-1에 의한 MT 유전자의 발현 변화를 관찰한 결과 정상적인 전립선 외피세포인 RWPE-1과 전이 및 악성화가 낮은 WPE1-NA22의 경우 라미닌-1에 의해 MT 유전자의 발현이 증가하였으며, 악성화 정도가 높은 WPE1-NB14, WPE1-NB11, 및 WPE1-NB26에서는 라미닌-1의 처리에도 MT 유전자의 발현이 증가하지 않는 것이 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 라미닌-1은 정상 세포의 분화를 유도하며 이에 따라 MT 유전자를 유도하며 분화가 유도되지 않는 악성 암에서는 MT 유전자의 발현이 유도되지 않는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.126-137
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• 2017

This study was aimed to develop the instrument of Korean medical pattern Identification and Functional Evaluation for Five Organ. This study followed seven steps, consisted of first composition of research members, second set-up of the aim, third review for advanced research, fourth finding an important index, fifth puting on the weight for index, sixth advice from linguist and last development of draft of questionnaire. Twenty two in and out researchers joined and put the weight on each question. We developed a draft version of questionnaire of Korean medical pattern identification and functional evaluation for five organ. Most questions between pattern identification and functional evaluation of five organ have similar weight, but several ones have difference in order. Generally, specific symptom represented specific location or related with pain have relatively higher weight on pattern identification, and weakness question gained weight on functional evaluation. We develop the questionnaire of Korean medical pattern identification and functional evaluation for five organ. Following study, which will evaluate the reliability and validity, is needed.