• 수산경영론집
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2015

This research examined a task to foster into the export industry, through analyzing the competitiveness of the ornamental fish industry and identifying the position of Korea's ornamental industry in the world. Ornamental fish in Korea holds the world's leading aquaculture technology, but products are limited to a few species, lacking competitive products. In the case of aquarium supplies, the Korean technology level is receiving relatively positive marks in the global market, but ornamental fish products are lagging behind the global trend. In other words, Korea's ornamental fish industry has the overall technical foundation, but lacks differentiation in the global market. Meanwhile, Korea's market share of world trade market in fishery products is minimal. Growth was also analyzed not high compared to other countries. Various trade competitiveness index results rated very low in competitiveness, but it is hard to compare Korea with other countries which have already built a strong foundation in the ornamental fish industry. Therefore, for the mid to long term Korea should adapt a "Choice and concentration" strategy and focus on the production of ornamental fish and aquarium supplies, which will enable Korea to become differentiated in the global market and capture the world exports.

• 약학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.622-630
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• 1995

Inoculation of Friend anemia virus, which was a Kind of retro virus such as HIV, results splenomegaly, anemia, the increase of WBC counts and reverse transcriptase activity in serum. These results were due to the inhibition of the differentiation of erythroid progenitor cell by the FVA at the spleen. Using these as index of antiviral effects, we pursued the establishment of in vivo screening method for the new anti-ADS drugs. Among zidovudine, didanosine and zalcitabine, which were already approved as anti-AIDS drugs, treatment of zidovudine for 18 days in BALB/c mice inoculated with Friend anemia virus resulted the most potent inhibitory effects on the splenomegaly, the increase of WBC counts and reverse transcriptase activity, but did not recovered the anemia due to the tomcity of zidovudhie itself on the bone marrow. The antiviral effects of zidovudine was reduced in case of zidovudine treatment 7 days after Friend anemia virus inoculation. These results suggested that the sooner treatment of zidovudine would be better improved when the virus was inoculated. Human recombinant interferon itself .alpha. did not showed the antiviral activity against Friend anemia virus and did not also affected the antiviral activity of zidovudine. These results suggested that Friend anemia virus would be used as a tool in vivo screening method for the Lobster of reverse transcriptase.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2002

For landscape ecological management of the isolated forestlands in Incheon city located in the western tip of South Korea, the forest vegetation of Mt. Cheolma was classified phytosciologically and mapped out its spatial distribution at a scale of 1:5,000. Characteristics of forest landscape structures were discussed in terms of the number and size of patches obtained by analy zing vegetation map. Units to manage the forest vegetation were categorized into eighteen communities, seventeen groups, and sixteen subgroups. Landscape elements were classified into five types: secondary vegetation, introduced vegetation for forestry (IVF), introduced vegetation for agriculture (IVA), and other elements. Two hundred and ninety-three forest landscape patches covers 443.3ha, of which IVF accounted for 316.8ha(71.5$\%$), the largest portion, secondary vegetation for 101.2ha(22.8$\%$), IVA for 6.2ha(1.4$\%$), and others for 19.1ha(4.3$\%$). The ratio of natural forest elements of 31.9$\%$ showed that this area was mainly comprised of artificially introduced vegetation, such as Robinia pseudoacacia plantation and Pinus rigida plantation. Forest landscape patches have a mean area of 4.5ha, a density of 66.1/100ha, and a diversity index of 0.87. It was estimated that differentiation of patches recognized in community level would be related to human interference and those in subordinate level to natural processes.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.39-43
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• 2002

IMF situation in Korean society in 1997 gave huge shock to all areas, such as politics, economy, and society which were covered by bubble economy. It has passed 4 years since IMF but it is continued to increase of consumer price index and depression of the society. Receiving an order in interior design become more and more tense competition domestically as well as internationally, due to the open of WTO. In order to achieve economic design of low cost-high design which pursues the power of competition in cost and quality, this study investigated specific methods for economic design and suggested the directions for economic design in interior design field. To suggest the directions of future interior design for economic design with the analysis of domestic and international cases for economic design. the following results are showed: According to the analysis of the cases, economic design is accomplished with the use of the materials. Interior designers should consider how they can use materials for economic design. Especially, use of cheap materials gives the reduction of the cost and the effects of differentiation of the spaces more. Therefore, experimentalism and knowledge of materials are needed and they should be more weighted as the method for achieving economic design,

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.351-357
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• 2019

UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) images can be exploited for rapid forest fire damage assessment by virtue of UAV systems' advantages. In 2019, catastrophic forest fire occurred in Goseong and Sokcho, Korea and burned 1,757 hectares of forests. We visited the town in Goseong where suffered the most severe damage and conducted UAV flights for forest fire damage assessment. In this study, economic and rapid damage assessment method for forest fire has been proposed using UAV systems equipped with only a RGB sensor. First, forest masking was performed using automatic elevation thresholding to extract forest area. Then ExG (Excess Green) vegetation index which can be calculated without near-infrared band was adopted to extract damaged forests. In addition, entropy filtering was applied to ExG for better differentiation between damaged and non-damaged forest. We could confirm that the proposed forest masking can screen out non-forest land covers such as bare soil, agriculture lands, and artificial objects. In addition, entropy filtering enhanced the ExG homogeneity difference between damaged and non-damaged forests. The automatically detected damaged forests of the proposed method showed high accuracy of 87%.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2023

Objectives : The objective of this study was to investigate the phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Cirsium setidens. Methods : Domestic and international articles about Cirsium setidens were investigated. A review was perfoemed via DB searching engine such as Sci.Direct, Springer, DBpia, KISS, Google scholar, Kipris, and so on. Total 73 listed literature were classified by compound analysis and pharmacological efficacy. Results : C. setidens contains pectolinarin and its glycoside, pectolinarigenin as index compounds, and linarin, apigenin, diosmetin, scopoletin, acacetin, cirsimarin, cirsimaritin, setidenosides A and B, silymarin, hispidulin, 92 volatile compounds, and 15 fatty acids. The Pharmacological activities of C. setidens has been reported to inhibit of platelet aggregation and fat accumulation in the liver, inhibit to hepatitis, anti-cancer, antibacterial, skin improvement, hair growth, liver protection, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, sedative. Also, It has been reported the effect of cholesterol-lowering and anti-obesity, neuroprotective effects, increasing human stem cell viability, inhibiting osteoclast formation and osteogenic differentiation. Conclusion : This reviews showed that C. setidens which has been traditionally used for the treatment of inflammation and hypertension, has anticancer and river protective effect, as well as hair loss and diet. In order to maximize the efficacy of C. setidens, research has also begun on the effect of processing processes such as fermentation or fine powdering and combining natural plant resources.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제90권2호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2001

6개지역에 식재된 은행나무 182개체의 잎으로부터 DNA를 추출하여 I-SSR과 RAPD 표지자를 분석하였다. 15개 I-SSR primer를 사용하여 PCR을 수행해서 227개의 증폭산물 변이체를 확인하였고, 5개 RAPD primer를 사용하여 67개의 증폭산물 변이체를 확인했다. 6개 집단에 있어서 집단내의 유전적 다양성 정도는 유사한 것으로 나타났다(Shannon's Index, I-SSR : 0.35~0.40; 평균 0.38, RAPD : 0.31~0.38; 평균 0.35, 통합 : 0.35~0.40; 평균 0.37). 3개의 자료(I-SSR 표지자, RAPD 표지자 및 통합 자료)로부터 평가된 유전적 다양성 정도의 등급은 상호간에 일치하지 않았다. 유전적 다양성의 대부분이 집단내 개체간에 존재하는 것으로 나타났으며(I-SSR : 94.31%, RAPD : 93.62%, 통합 : 93.57%), 결과로써 집단간 분화정도는 상당히 낮게 나타났다. 수나무와 암나무 그룹간의 유전적 분화정도는 매우 낮았으며(I-SSR : 0.03, RAPD : 0.091, 통합 : 0.043), 수나무와 암나무들 동시에 채집한 3개 지역만을 대상을 분석했을 경우에는 약간의 변동이 있었다(I-SSR : 0.038, RAPD : 0.084, 통합 : 0.047). UPGMA법을 이용해서 분석한 집단간의 유전적 유연관계는 지리적 거리와 일치하지 않았는데, 이는 몇몇 지역들이 종자 공급원을 공유하고 있기 때문일 것으로 추정된다. I-SSR과 RAPD data를 성별로 재편성해서 유집분석을 수행한 결과, 모든 수나무 집단들과 암나무 집단들이 각각 별개의 성별 분지군을 형성하는 양상을 보였으나, 2개의 data를 통합해서 유집 분석을 수행했을 경우에는 성에 따른 명백한 분지군이 형성되지 않았다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.371-380
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• 2000

목적: 수술 전에 전향적으로 $^{201}Tl$ 뇌 SPECT를 시행하여 그 소견만으로 뇌 병변이 양성인지 악성인지를 감별하는데 유용한지를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본 연구는 CT나 MRI에서 뇌 병변이 확인된 28예(양성: 13, 악성: 15)를 대상으로 하였다. 양성병변에는 비특이적 양성변화가 3예, 뇌수막종 3예, 양성 뇌교종 2예, 결핵종, 중심성 신경세포종, 혈관 모세포종, 방사선괴사, 맥락막총 유두종이 각각 1예씩 이었고 악성병변에는 다형성 교모세포종 6예, 미분화 성상교세포종 5예, 수질아세포종 2예, 전이암과 림프종이 각각 1예였다. $^{201}Tl$ 111 MBq (3 mCi)를 정맥주사자고 $^{201}Tl$ 뇌 SPECT를 얻은 후에 정량화 분석을 위하여 병변의 대부분을 포함하는 합산영상을 만들었고 병변 및 정상뇌부위에 관심영역을 설정하여 평균 $^{201}Tl$-index와 최고 $^{201}Tl$-index를 구하였다. 결과: 양성병변의 평균 $^{201}Tl$-index와 최고 $^{201}Tl$-index는 각각 $3.51{\pm}2.70$과 $4.80{\pm}3.46$으로 악성병변의 평균 $^{201}Tl$-index와 최고 $^{201}Tl$-index인 $2.24{\pm}1.07,\;3.20{\pm}1.46$과 각각 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 결론: $^{201}Tl$ 뇌 SPECT만으로 뇌 병변을 악성이나 양성으로 판단하여서는 안된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.5455-5459
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• 2013

Background: The risk of malignancy index (RMI) for the evaluation of adnexal masses is a sensitive tool in certain populations. The best cut off value for RMI 1, 2 and 3 is 200. The cut off value of RMI-4 to differentiate benign from malignant lesions is 450. Our aim was to evaluate the efficiency of four different malignancy indexes (RMI1-4) in a homogeneous population. Materials and Methods: We evaluated a total of 153 non-pregnant women with adnexal masses who did not have a history of malignancy and who were above 18 years of age. Results: A cut-off value of 250 for RMI-1 provided 95.9% inter-observer agreement, yielding 95.9% specificity, 93.5% negative predictive value, 75.0% sensitivity and 82.8% positive predictive value. A cut-off value of 250 for RMI-1 showed high performance in preoperative diagnosis of invasive malignant lesions than cut-off value of 200 in our population. A cut-off value of 350 for RMI-2 provided 94.5% inter-observed agreement, yielding 94.2% specificity, 93.4% negative predictive value, 75.0% sensitivity and 77.4% positive predictive value. RMI-2 showed the higher performance when the cut-off value was set at 350 in our population. A cut-off value of 250 provided 95.2% inter-observer agreement, yielding 95.0% specificity, 93.2% negative predictive value, 75.0% sensitivity, and 88.0% positive predictive value. RMI-3 showed the highest performance to diagnose malignant adnexal masses when the cut-off value was set at 250. In our study, RMI-4 showed similar statistical performance when the cut-off value was set at 400 [(Kappa: 0.684/p=0.000), yielding 93.8% inter-observer agreement, 93.4% specificity, 93.4% negative predictive value, 75.0% sensitivity, and 75.0% negative predictive value]. Conclusions: We showed successful utilization of RMIs in preoperative differentiation of benign from malignant masses. Many studies conducted in Asian and Pacific countries have reported different cut-off values as was the case in our study. We think that it is difficult to determine universally accepted cut-off values for RMIs for common use around the globe.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.132-144
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• 2017

Purpose: To identify baseline prognostic factors for survival in patients with disease progression, during or after chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer. Materials and Methods: We pooled data from patients randomized between 2009 and 2012 in 2 phase III, global double-blind studies of ramucirumab for the treatment of advanced gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma following disease progression on first-line platinum- and/or fluoropyrimidine-containing therapy (REGARD and RAINBOW). Forty-one key baseline clinical and laboratory factors common in both studies were examined. Model building started with covariate screening using univariate Cox models (significance level=0.05). A stepwise multivariable Cox model identified the final prognostic factors (entry+exit significance level=0.01). Cox models were stratified by treatment and geographic region. The process was repeated to identify baseline prognostic quality of life (QoL) parameters. Results: Of 1,020 randomized patients, 953 (93%) patients without any missing covariates were included in the analysis. We identified 12 independent prognostic factors of poor survival: 1) peritoneal metastases; 2) Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score 1; 3) the presence of a primary tumor; 4) time to progression since prior therapy <6 months; 5) poor/unknown tumor differentiation; abnormally low blood levels of 6) albumin, 7) sodium, and/or 8) lymphocytes; and abnormally high blood levels of 9) neutrophils, 10) aspartate aminotransferase (AST), 11) alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and/or 12) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Factors were used to devise a 4-tier prognostic index (median overall survival [OS] by risk [months]: high=3.4, moderate=6.4, medium=9.9, and low=14.5; Harrell's C-index=0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64-0.68). Addition of QoL to the model identified patient-reported appetite loss as an independent prognostic factor. Conclusions: The identified prognostic factors and the reported prognostic index may help clinical decision-making, patient stratification, and planning of future clinical studies.