• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.533-538
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• 2005

Due to its safety and softness, autologous fat transplantation has been commonly performed for soft tissue correction. However, the injected fat is absorbed resulting in the reduction of volume of the graft by 40-60% within a few months. Thus, there was an attempt to use adipocytes differentiated from preadipocytes in vitro for transplantation. Differentiated adipocytes were biocompatible and matured with gradual volume increase at transplantation site in clinical study(unpublished data). In addition, they did not induce immune rejection in response to nonself lymphocytes in a mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR)(unpublished data). The purpose of this study is to differentiate mouse preadipocytes following labeling into adipocytes to establish an animal model for allogenic transplantation. Preadipocytes isolated from inguinal and retroperitoneal fat pad of C57BL/6 mice were proliferated with growth medium by passage 3 and differentiated into adipocytes with different culture conditions after labeled with BrdU. At most suitable conditions, above 90% of preadipocytes were differentiated and BrdU labeling did not affect differentiation rate and function of differentiated adipocytes. These results demonstrate that BrdU-labeled adipocytes resulting from this in vitro differentiation protocol are useful for allogenic transplantation study.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.231-240
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• 2007

It has been reported the higher incidence rate of gastric cancer in our country. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), that exhibited a higher infection rate among Korean people, has been known as a cofactor to cause cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify correlations among overexpressions of COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) gene, p53 mutation and cell proliferation index related to H. pylori. Taking 28 cases of gastric cancer with H. pylori detection, immunohistochemical staining for COX-2, p53 and Ki-67 were performed. In the H. pylori positive group, the well differentiated type and diffuse type of gastric cancer were distributed in larger area and the expression rate of COX-2 was revealed high. The H. pylori negative group showed higher p53 expression than that of the positive group. However, the statistical correlation between H. pylori and histopathological factors was not observed. The significantly higher expression of COX-2 had were observed in both well differentiated type and the intestinal type of gastric cancer. Although there were no statistical significances, this showed a higher inclination of manifest in the early gastric cancer. p53 exhibited a higher tendency of expression in the well differentiated, moderately differentiated and the intestinal type of gastric cancers including the early gastric cancer. Ki-67 was expressed in a significantly higher fashion along with the increase of age. In addition, it was significantly expressed in well differentiated type and intestinal type of gastric cancer. Therefore, these results suggest that H. pylori, COX-2, p53, and Ki-67 influences on the new occurrence of gastric cancer and its development procedures. In the future, the more researches would be required to focus on a larger category relative to gene expressions in gastric cancer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.43-48
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• 2004

RTP that is proposed supplement of real-time services on internet environment, as Real-time Transport Protocol, is the protocol that for the purpose of sending data of stream type. RTP and RTCP(Real-time Transport Control Protocol) basically work at the same time, RTCP serves with state information of network at present. RTP has important properties of a transport protocol that runs on end-to-end systems and provides demultiplexing. It also offer reliability and protocol-defined flow／congestion control that transport protocol like TCP can not provides. In this paper, we look around concept and construction of Differentiated sen1ice tint run on RTP and by setting parameters of packet transfer method be used CBQ(Class-Based Queuing) for packet transfer on Differentiated service, each service queue controls properly through packet scheduling method, such as WRR(Weighted Round Robin) and PRR(Packet-by-packet Round Robin) all service classes do not experience the starvation and confirm the performance through computer simulation to achieve fairly scheduling.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.718-722
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• 1999

Thymoma is the most common tumor in the compartment of anterior mediastinum. The malignant thymoma is classified into invasive thymoma(category I) and thymic carcinoma(category II). Recently, well-differentiated thymic carcinoma is a proposed category 1.5 used to describe a subset of thymic epithelial tumors, allowing for the existence of intermediate form based on the clinical features and the histological characteristics. Thymic cyst is a congenital or a acquired disorder. Congenital thymic cyst may develop due to failure of the thymopharyngeal duct to obliterate and acquired thymic cyst develops from inflammation(multilocular thymic cyst), or neoplasm(cystic thymoma). Cystic degeneration in thymoma is a relatively frequent but focal event. In rare cases, the process proceeds to the extent that most or all of the lesion becomes cystic. Until now, well-differentiated thymic carcinoma with extensive cystic degeneration has not been reported in our country. We experienced a case of 14 year-old female patient showing extensive cystic degeneration in well-differentiated thymic carcinoma. And so we report it with review of the articles related.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.45-53
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose an improved method of differentiated curriculum in social studies class that can be immediately used in the class. There are two major reasons that differentiated curriculum has not been applied to actual educational programs. One reason is the inefficient progress of differentiated curriculum derived from students' self-study based on individual projects and teacher's excessive investment of time in the development and management of individual researches. The other attribute is the difficulty in distinguishing students' academic level due to the lake of distinct criteria, because students are classified into merely two groups, in-depth group and supplementary class. To cope with these problems, we adopted a cooperative learning to enhance the educational effect of students of the similar level. Experimental results validate that the proposed method is effective in the course of social studies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.3213-3217
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• 2013

Background: P-glycoprotein (Pgp), encoded by the multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene, is an efflux transporter which plays an important role in pharmacokinetics. The current preliminary study was designed to determine associations between a germ-line polymorphism in the MDR1 gene with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Materials and Methods: In the current case-control study, 60 differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC)- 45 papillary TC (PTC), 9 follicular TC(FTC) and 6 well-differentiated tumors of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP) were examined. Results were compared to a healthy control group (n=58) from the same population. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood with EDTA and the target gene was genotyped by real-time PCR. Results: Carriers of the variant allele of MDR1 exon 26 polymorphism were at 2.8-fold higher risk of DTC than the control group (odds ratio [OR]: 0.3805, 95% confidence interval [Cl]: 0.1597-0.9065 (p> 0.046). Conclusions: Presented results suggest that the MDR1 3435TT genotype might influence risk of development of DTC and that the CC genotype might be linked to a poor prognosis. Large-scale studies are now needed to validate this association.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.156-166
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• 2005

Ethernet passive optical network is an economical and efficient access network that has received significant research attention in recent years. A MAC(Media Access Control) protocol of PON, the next generation access network, is based on TDMA(Time Division Multiple Access) basically. In this thesis, we addressed the problem of dynamic bandwidth allocation in QoS based Ethernet PONs. We augmented the bandwidth allocation to support QoS in a differentiated services framework. Our differentiated bandwidth guarantee allocation(DBGA) allocates effectively and fairly bandwidths among end users. Moreover, we showed that DBGA that perform weighted bandwidth allocation for high priority packets result in better performance in terms of average and maximum packet delay, as well as network throughput compared with existing dynamic bandwidth allocations. We used simulation experiments to study the performance and validate the effectiveness of the proposed bandwidth allocations.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.207-218
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• 2011

This research is to explore mathematics gifted education which considered individual difference of gifted students in elementary school-level. The purpose of this study is to develop a differentiated instruction model and mathematical materials for gifted students that consider students' individual difference. We also investigate effectiveness of differentiated instruction through change of self-directed learning ability and studying satisfaction of gifted students. The results of this study will provide basic information on the after research related with development and application of mathematics gifted education program and differentiated instruction.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.241-246
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• 1997

It has become evident in recent years that parathyroid adenoma and well differentiated thyroid cancer occur together more than would be expected by chance alone. However, the association between them is not well understood. We have experienced 4 cases of coexistent parathyroid adenoma and well-differentiated thyroid cancer during the past 16 years. None of them had a familial incidence or a history of radiation exposure. Three cases showed symptomatic hypercalcemia(including renal stones, bone pain, joint pain) and in two of them(patient 1 and patient 2), thyroid abnormalities were detected preoperatively by neck ultrasonography or neck CT for evaluation of parathyroid lesions. However, in patient 3, a parathyoid humor was identified and removed incidentally during the course of thyroidectomy. In 3 cases, surgeries for thyroid carcinoma and parathyroid adenoma were performed during the same exploration of the neck, but in patient 4, thyroidectomy preceded parathyroidectomy; The interval between thyroidectomy and subsequent parathyroidectomy was 11 yeras. The thyroid tumors in 3 cases were papillary carcinoma, the sizes of which ranged from 1.0 cm to 1.5 cm in greatest diameter. The remaining case(patient 4) was minimal invasive follicular carcinoma. Total or near-total thyroidectomy with various types of cervical lymphnode dissection and bilateral neck exploration for the parathyroid lesion was performed in 3 cases with papillary carcinoma. Ipsilateral lobectomy and contralateral partial thyroidectomy with consequent unilateral neck exploration for the parathyroid tumor was performed in the case of follicular cancer. In our experience, parathyroid adenoma and well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas can be coexistent and we felt that the attention to the hypercalcemic patients would be needed for detection of this rare condition.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.214-219
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• 1998

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of the low-dose(30mCi) I-131 ablation therapy for remnant thyroid tissue following total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer. Methods: Between March 1995 and December 1997, forty-eight patients were given ablative doses(30mCi) of I-131 after total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer in the presence of I-131 uptake in remnant thyroid tissue. Effective ablation of remnant thyroid tissue was determined by following I-131 whole body scan. if remnant thyroid tissue remained, we repeated the same management at 6 months interval. Results: Thirty-eight(79.1%) patients had papillary, 8(16.7%) follicular, 1(2.1%) medullary and 1(2.1%) Hurthle cell type cancer. Forty-eight patients underwent total thyroidectomy, among those central neck dissection was performed in 35 cases, and modified radical neck dissection in 14 cases. Postoperative complication developed in 8 cases, which included 4 cases of transient hypoparathyroidism, 1 case of permanent hypoparathyroidism, 2 cases of transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, and 1 case of wound hematoma. There were significant remnant thyroid tissue in 46 cases(95.8%) of patients after total thyroidectomy, which could be ablated by low dose(30mCi) I-131. There were no statistical difference between operative procedures and number of treatment of I-131. Conclusions: These results suggested that repeated low-dose(30mCi) I-131 therapy would be needed, therefore, high -dose I-131 therapy could be considered as ablation therapy for the remnant thyroid tissue after total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer.