• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1718-1727
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• 2013

This study was done to analyze the difference in resilience and professional self-concept and compare the influencing factors on Professional Self-Concept among different sexes of nursing students. Subjects were 445 students from two nursing schools in the Seoul city. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression using the SPSS WIN 18.0 program. Male students had much better resilience and professional self-concept than female students. Variables which were significant differences in resilience and professional self-concept according to sexes were in the females' case, grade and leave of absence and in the males' case, club activities. There was a positive correlation between resilience and professional self-concept both sexes. In both groups, the factor that affected professional self-concept was resilience.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.88-97
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• 2012

DSOM(Diagnosis System of Oriental Medicine), questionnaire for oriental medical(medicine) diagnosis is an online survey system containing 152 questions for female, 149 questions for male that asking the basic symtoms of 16 pathogenic factors(病機). The result of DSOM denotes reliability according to the level of major symptoms of each pathogenic factor. Standard level of reliability is equal to all 16 pathogenic factor basically except phlegm(痰). In case of phlegm(痰) we give different weight depending on whether the factor includes gray color under the orbit(痰飮氣) or not. To examine reliability of DSOM, statistical analysis has been done to the data of felmale 10101, male 1564 except for bad responses and stored between 1st April 2000 to 3rd June 2011. Based on the study, the conclusions were as follows. Reliability of DSOM. For female, all pathogenic factors showed over 85% confidence level except for phlegm 82.6%. For male, all pathogenic factors showed more than 90% confidence level except two factors, phlegm(痰) indicates 87.% and damp(濕) indicates 89.8%. HH rates among pathogenic factors were more than 50 points. For female, HH rates of other 14 pathogenic factors were all over 80% except for heat(熱) 78.2% and insufficiency of Yang(陽虛) 75.3%. For male HH rates of all pathogenic factors were more than 80% except HH rates of heat 78.2% and damp 77.8%. Research based on a degree of satisfaction of reliability derived from pathogenic factors with scores of HH results in for all 16 pathogenic factors showed over 85% of relatively high level of satisfaction for both sexes whose reliability standard come under 5~4 points. Comparing appearance frequency of pathogenic factors for both sexes. Male only displays higer than female in heat(熱). Whereas female were higher than male for other 15 pathogenic factors and the difference was biggest in heart(心) and least in insufficiency of Yin(陰虛). Comparing appearance frequency order of pathogenic factors for both sexes. Female outdistanced male in blood stasis(血瘀) coldness(寒) blood-deficiency(血虛) phlegm(痰), while male outdistance female in heat(熱) insufficiency of Yin(陰虛) deficiency of qi(氣虛). Male had lower average of each pathogenic factors than female except heat(熱) as well as deficiency of qi(氣虛).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.802-810
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• 2000

A total of 120 finishing crossbred pigs ($Landrace{\times}Large$ $White{\times}Duroc$) with equal numbers of barrows and gilts weighing 58.5 kg body weight were used in a feeding trial, and 6 pigs (three of each sex) were used in a metabolic trial to investigate the effect of phase feeding. Finishing period was divided into two phases and 4 different diets were fed for those periods. Growth performance was not significantly different among treatments within the same sex. This result showed that 16% crude protein for early finishing period and 14% crude protein diet for late finishing period should be optimum. During the early finishing period, only feed intake was significantly different between sexes (p<0.01), but in late finishing period daily weight gain (p<0.001) and feed intake (p<0.01) of barrows were significantly higher than those of gilts. During the early finishing period, digestibilities of dry matter, protein and phosphorus were significantly higher in gilts than in barrows (p<0.05). However, there was no treatment effect within same sex during the early and late finishing period. During early finishing period, excretion of N of pigs fed 16% CP diet in early and 14% CP diet in late-finishing period was less than that of pigs fed 17% CP diet in early and 15% CP diet in late-finishing period (p<0.05), but the difference was not significant. During the late finishing period, N excretion with two phase feeding was reduced by 8.5% compared with single feeding. In gilts, total cost reduction by two phase feeding compared to single feeding was 9.1%, but in barrows it was just 3.19%. Relative margin increased with two phase feeding by 2.5% in gUts and 0.2% in barrows. There was a tendency that backfat thickness at 10th rib of gilts was thinner than that of barrows (p>0.05). Within the same sexes, there was no treatment effect on back fat thickness (p>0.05). Carcass grade was improved by two phase feeding compared to single feeding. Carcass grade of gilts was significantly better than that of barrows (p<0.001). From this results, it is concluded that finishing pigs could be fed two-phase diets to improve profit and reduce pollution.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2008

We measured a set of 37 morphological characteristics in 97 specimens of adult Korean chub, Zacco koreanus, trapped in the Milyang River, Korea, in May and October of 2005. Twelve out of thirty-seven morphometric measurements were significantly different between the sexes. In particular, both the pectoral fin length and the direct distance between the insertion of the dorsal fin and the insertion of the anal fin were highly significant (p < 0.001). This sexual dimorphism may reflect the outcome of sexual selection in this species.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.262-265
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• 1993

Acute toxicities of DWH-01 (Ranitidine : Bismuth : Sucralfate= 1.5: 2 : 6) were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. Seven days after oral administration of DWH-01 with different doses (10 g/kg, 5 g/kg, 2.5 g/kg, 1.25 g/kg, 0.625 g/kg), we examined numbers of deaths, general signs, weight measurement and histopathological examination for both sexes of rats. Summaried results are: 1) No deaths were occurred, 2) There were no pathological and clinical differences compared with control group, 3) No significant changes of body weights were observed, and 4) In histopathological examinations of organs and tissues, there was some hemorrhage in a lung tissue of low dose group for male and female respectively, but it was thought to be caused by environmental factor. The results suggest that toxicity of DWH-01 is low and its $LD_{50}$ is over 10 g/kg in Sprague-Dawley rats.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.109-111
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• 2003

The single oral toxicity of Jeju citrus rind pectin (Jeju pectin) was studied in Spraque-Dawley rats of both sexes. In this study, rats were administrated orally with dosages of 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg of Jeju pectin. We daily examined number of deaths, clinical signs, body weights and gross findings for 14 days after Jeju pectin administration. When we administered different doses of 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg. We found no rats died in both sex after administration. Some clinical signs (decrease locomotor activity, salivation, soft stool, prone position, lacrimation, crouching position, convulsion, ataxic gait, incontinence of mine) were also observed during the experimental period.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.7-15
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• 2001

As a means of achieving fashion technology and scientification, this research on the standardization proposals of body type research methods has the following conclusions: 1. As human body displays different characteristics according to races, regions, sexes, and ages, clothing products (unlike other industrial goods) cannot be subject to global standardization. As a result, clothing size standardization can be desirably regionalized, for example, as Asian, European countries, etc. 2. In order to share human-body-concerned information among nations, programs for raw data exchange need to be urgently developed. 3. Top priority is databasing all raw data at home and abroad. 4. So that the findings of body type research can be practically applied to the concerned industry, industry-academy cooperation and information exchange are a must. While researchers have to heighten the precision of their studies, industrial partners ought to focus on the invaluable importance of academic research. 5. The scientific body type analysis, the basis of fashion technology, as well as the development of its application technology and software are ultimately and urgently required.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.84-88
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• 1998

The aim of this study was to describe growth patterns of mice using Gompertz model. Two distinct types of mice, laboratory mouse $CF_{\sharp1}$ (Mus musculus domesticus) and Yonakuni wild mouse (Yk, Mus musculus molossinus yonakuni) were used. From all possible crosses, there were two parental types and two reciprocal $F_1$ crosses obtained. Individual body weights were measured weekly from birth to ten weeks of age on 321 mice. Standardization to six mice was conducted and only first litters were used. Growth curve parameters were estimated to fit growth data. The results showed that growth among genetic groups were significantly different (p < 0.05) for both sexes, in which parental type of $CF_{\sharp1}$ and Yk had the highest and the smallest values, respectively. Meanwhile, reciprocal $F_1$ crosses were intermediate between parental types. It was concluded that Gompertz model provided and excellent fit for the growth data with a high coefficient determination $(R^2 = 0.999)$.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.141-143
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• 1971

The serum alkaline phosphatase activity was determined with 64 Korean cattles in different sexe and age groups, using p-nitrophenylphosphate as the substrate. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The mean value of serum alkaline phosphatase activity in Korean cattle was $1.78{\pm}0.21$ Bessey-Lowry units/ml, and $1.71{\pm}0.21$ units/ml. in female and $1.86{\pm}0.21$ units/ml. in male, respectively. 2. The serum alkaline phosphatase activity decreased with age from 4 years group. 3. No statistical significance was recognized among the sexes, but difference among the age groups was found to be highly significant.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1974

The G-6-PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) activity, the first step in the pentose phosphate shunt, of rat livers during prenatal and pstnatal development in different sexes was studied. The enzyme activity is very high (54.2 units) at 16 days of embryo ad then decreases to a low level (17.6 units) at 13days after birth. There are significant increase between 13 and 15 days of age and continuously increases to the level of 53.2 units at 19days of age. The G-6-PD activity in female rat livers was slightly higher than in males.