• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.748-758
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• 2014

본 연구는 제 5기 2차년도(2011년) 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 우리나라 국민의 잡곡밥 섭취 현황과 관련 요인을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 백미밥 또는 잡곡밥을 하루 한끼 이상 섭취한 7,190명의 자료와 이들이 섭취한 백미밥 또는 잡곡밥 총 15,250끼니를 분석하였다. 주요 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 일일 잡곡밥 섭취횟수를 분석한 결과, 연구대상자의 28.9%가 하루 한 끼의 잡곡밥을 섭취하였고, 24.3%는 하루 두 끼, 14.4%는 하루 세 끼의 잡곡밥을 섭취하였다. 잡곡밥을 한 끼도 섭취하지 않은 사람은 32.4%였다. 2. 잡곡밥 섭취 여부에 영향을 미치는 관련 요인을 분석한 결과, 전체적으로는 성별, 거주지역, 결혼 여부, 가구소득 수준에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 연령군에 따라서는 40대에 비해 19~29세, 30대에서는 잡곡밥을 하루 한 끼 이상 섭취할 확률이 각각 0.5배, 0.6배로 낮았다. 이와는 달리 40대에 비해 50대와 60대는 잡곡밥을 하루 한 끼 이상 섭취할 확률이 각각 1.9배, 5.0배로 높았다. 3. 백미밥과 잡곡밥의 섭취 비율을 분석한 결과, 남자(53.6%)보다는 여자(64.5%)에서 잡곡밥 섭취 비율이 더 높았다. 연령에 따라서는 1~18세, 60대 이상의 연령군에서 잡곡밥 섭취 비율이 60% 이상으로 높았다. 거주지역에 따라서는 농어촌(54.8%)보다 중소도시(57.5%), 대도시(62.0%)로 갈수록 잡곡밥의 섭취 비율이 높았다. 4. 밥류 종류별 섭취 빈도를 분석한 결과, 백미밥이 41.1%로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로 백미에 백미 이외의 곡류 및 두류를 두 가지 이상 혼합하여 지은 잡곡밥, 보리밥, 혼합곡 상품을 이용한 잡곡밥, 흑미밥 등의 순으로 나타났다. 곡류 종류별 섭취 빈도를 분석한 결과, 백미의 섭취 빈도가 37.5%로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로 보리, 흑미, 검은콩, 찹쌀현미 등의 순이었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.718-731
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• 2018

The beneficial effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been intensively investigated in recent decades with special focus on modulation of the host intestinal microbiota. Numerous discoveries of effective probiotics are driven by a significantly increasing demand for dietary supplements. Consequently, technological advances in the large-scale production and lyophilization are needed by probiotic-related industries for producing probiotic LAB for commercial use. Our study had a dual objective, to determine the optimum growth medium composition and to investigate appropriate cryoprotective additives (CPAs) for Lactobacillus salivarius, and compare its responses with other Lactobacillus species. The one-factor-at-a-time method and central composite design were applied to determine the optimal medium composition for L. salivarius cultivation. The following composition of the medium was established (per liter): 21.64 g maltose, 85 g yeast extract, 1.21 ml Tween 80, 6 g sodium acetate, $0.2g\;MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, $0.02g\;MnSO_4{\cdot}H_2O$, $1g\;K_2HPO_4$, $1.5g\;KH_2PO_4$, $0.01g\;FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, and 1 g sodium citrate. A cryoprotective additive combination comprising 10% (w/v) skim milk and 10% (w/v) sucrose supplemented with 2.5% (w/v) sodium glutamate was selected for L. salivarius, and its effectiveness was confirmed using culture-independent methods in the freeze-dried cells of the Lactobacillus strains. In conclusion, the optimized medium enhanced the species-specific cultivation of L. salivarius. On the other hand, the cryoprotective effects of the selected CPA mixture may also be dependent on the bacterial strain. This study highlights the necessity for precise and advanced processing techniques for large-scale production of probiotics in the food and feed industries.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2024

ER (Endoplasmic reticulume) 스트레스반응은 difenoconazole 등과 같은 다양한 독성물질에 의한 독성반응 동안에 유도되지만, 농업 및 산업에서 전반적으로 사용되는 화학물질로 간독성(Hepatotoxicity)을 유도하는 1,2,3-Trichloropropane (TCP)와의 연관성은 연구된 바 없다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 TCP처리로 유발된 간독성(Hepatotoxicity) 유발과정 동안에 ER스트레스의 유발기전에 대해 연구하기 위하여, TCP로 처리된 SD(Sprague Dawley)랫드에서 간독성, apoptosis 그리고 ER스트레스에 대한 지표들의 변화를 분석하였다. 그 결과, TCP 처리그룹은 Vehicle 처리그룹에 비하여 체중과 식이 섭취량이 감소하였고, 간 조직에서 괴사(Necrosis)와 공포화(Vaculation) 등이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 또한, apoptosis 관련 인자인 Bax/Bcl-2와 Cleaved Caspase-3(Cas-3)/Cas-3의 발현은 Vehicle 처리그룹보다 TCP 처리그룹에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. ER스트레스 반응지표 분석에서, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), p-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha subunit (eIF2α), p-iniositor-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)의 발현은 TCP100 처리그룹에서만 증가하였다. 하지만 Growth arrest and DNA damage-34 (GADD34)와 X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1)의 전사는 TCP200 처리그룹에서 유의적으로 변화되었다. 따라서, 이러한 결과는 ER스트레스반응은 TCP 처리에 의해 유도된 간독성과정 동안에 unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway의 조절을 통해 성공적으로 유도됨을 제시하고 있다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.35-46
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yukwool-tang (Liuyu-tang) for the treatment of major depression in women by comparing the Yukwool-tang (Liuyu-tang)-treated group with the placebo-treated group and assessing the association of various biological factors related to depression through various outcome measures. Methods: This study is a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-design clinical trial. The subjects to be selected are women between the ages of 19 and 65, and the registered subjects are to be randomly assigned to treatment with Yukwool-tang or the placebo control. The Yukwool-tang group will take 1 bottle of Yukwool-tang (30 mg) for 8 weeks, 3 times a day, before meals. The control group will take the placebo in the same way. The primary outcome to be examined will be the change between the total score after 8 weeks and the total score before the start of the study of the K-HDRS score. Secondary outcomes are assessed by the change in total score after 12 weeks of K-HDRS, K-HDRS remission rate, K-HDRS improvement rate, BDI-K, PITD, KSCL-95, ISI, STAI-K, EQ-5D, VAS, Emotional Stimulation Test, BDNF test, inflammatory cytokine and tumor necrosis factor test, intestinal microbiome test, dietary report and Beck's hopelessness scale. Results: This protocol has been approved by the IRB of Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University and is registered in the CRIS, and it is made public in advance to ensure transparency of the research process and conduct ethical clinical trials. Conclusions: Based on this protocol, when the trial is completed, its data can be used to access the validity and safety of Yukwool-tang for major depression in women, and it is also expected to be helpful in the study of the correlation between future treatment of Korean medicine for depression and related biological factors, and quality of life.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.228-240
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the dietary and other factors affecting bone mineral density (BMD) in older Korean women. A total of 340 women aged 65 to 74 were recruited from the Kugoksoondam area (Kurye, Goksung, Soonchang and Damyang counties), known as the longevity-belt region in Jeonla province, Korea. They were categorized into two groups according to bone status by T-score : a nonosteoporotic group and an osteoporotic group. Demographic characteristics were collected, as well as information on physical measurements, blood tests for biochemical indicators, health status health-related life style, dietary behavior, favorite food groups, nutrient intake and mini nutrition assessment (MNA). The results are as follows: The mean age of 185 nonosteoporotic women was 69.6 years and that of 155 osteoporotic women was 70.9 years (p<0.001). The mean T-score of the nonosteoporotic group was $-1.5mg/cm^3$ and that of theosteoporotic group was $-3.2mg/cm^3$ (p<0.001). Height and body weight in the nonosteoporotic group were significantly higher than in the osteoporotic group (p<0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in BMI, although the BMI in the nonosteoporotic group was slightly higher. Waist and hip circumferences in the nonosteoporotic group were significantly higher than in the osteoporotic group (p<0.01, respectively), and the mid upper arm and calf circumferences were also significantly higher than in the osteoporotic group (p<0.001, p<0.01, respectively). The 5 m walking ability was significantly superior compared to the osteoporotic group. Serum levels did not show any significant differences between the groups and were within normal range. The serum total protein, albumin and Insulin-like growth factor (IGFs) levels of the nonosteoporotic group were significantly higher than those of the osteoporotic group (p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.001, respectively). IGF was 104.7 ng/mL for the nonosteoporotic group and 88.1 ng/mL for the osteoporotic group. Physical activity and appetite in the nonosteoporotic group were significantly higher (p<0.01, p<0.05, respectively). The favorite food groups of the nonosteoporotic group comprised more meats and fish than those of the osteoporotic group (p<0.05, respectively). Nutrient intake was not significantly different, with the exception of niacin intake (p<0.05), but the nutrient intake of the nonosteoporotic group was slightly higher than that of the osteoporotic group. The niacin intake of the nonosteoporotic group and the osteoporotic group were 11.4 mgNE and 10.0 mgNE, corresponding to 103.6% and 90.9% of the Korean EAR, respectively. The MNA score of the nonosteoporotic group was significantly more favorable than for the osteoporotic group. In conclusion, it is necessary to maintain adequate body weight and muscle mass. Habitual physical activity may have a beneficial effect on BMD for older women. Dietary factors, such as meat and fish, higher intake of niacin rich foods and nutrient status for older women also appear to have favorable effects on bone mineral density.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.174-190
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• 1998

Osteoporosis has been known as a common complication of rheumatoid arthritis and a major preventable health problem. Lots of studios have demonstrated that changes in life style can help delay or prevent osteoporosis. Therefore nursing intervention related osteoporosis prevention have consisted of education programs aimed at changing dietary and exercise habit. However knowledge gained from education haven't always leaded to behavior change. Therefore it is important to consider other psychological variables in effecting behavior change. Numerous research have found self efficacy and health belief to be an important factor in individual decision making behavior. The purpose of the study was to develop health belief and efficacy expectation promoting program based on Health Belief Model & Self Efficacy Model and to investigate its effects in women with rheumatoid arthritis. For this purpose, one group pretest-post design was used. The subject of the study were 16 women with rheumatoid arthritis in Pusan city and data collection was carried out from April, 1997 to May, 1998. The intervention program was consisted of educating on osteoporosis and enhancing and reinforcing self efficacy by verbal persuasion during the period of 4 weeks. The instruments were used to collect data in this study were Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale, Osteoporosis Self Efficacy Scale, and Osteoporosis Preventive Behavior Scale. Data was analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test using SPSS $PC^+$ program. The results are as follows : 1) The behavior should be increased after intervention was supported(Z=-3.5162, p=.0004, diet : Z=-3.2942, p=.0010, exercise). 2) The sub-hypothesis that perceived sensitivity should be increased after intervention was supported (Z=-2.3854, p=.0171). 3) The sub-hypothesis that perceived severity should be increased after intervention was rejected(Z=-1.4327, p=.1520). 4) The sub-hypothesis that perceived benefit should be increased after intervention was supported(Z=-2.6410, p=.0083). 5) The sub-hypothesis that perceived barrier should be decreased after intervention was supported (Z=-2.4138, p=.0158). 6) The sub-hypothesis that efficacy expectation should be increased after intervention was supported(Z=-3.5162, p=.0004). As a conclusion, it was found that health belief and self efficacy promoting program was an effective nursing intervention for preventing osteoporosis of rheumatoid arthritis.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.437-444
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• 2009

최근 삶의 질에 대한 관심과 함께 건강에 대한 관심이 높아져 질병의 예방 및 진단에 건강검진의 기본적인 검사로 복부 초음파가 많이 이루어지고 있으며, 평소에 특별한 자각증상이 없는 사람들도 많은 질환을 발견하게 되는데, 그 중 지방간은 초음파 검사에서 많이 진단되어 지고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 일개 종합병원에서 건강검진을 시행한 15~81세의 검진자 3,582명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 복부초음파를 이용해서 지방간을 정상간, 경증지방간, 중등증 지방간, 중증지방간으로 분류하였고, 혈액학적지질검사, 비만도 측정을 위한 체질량지수와 체지방률 측정, 일반적인 특성으로 일상생활습관과의 관련성을 비교하였고, 그 결과 성별에 따른 지방간의 유병률은 38.8%(남자 46.2%, 여자 24.2%)로 남자가 여자 보다 높고, 지방간과 혈액학적 지질과의 위험도는 중성지방이 5.00배, 콜레스테롤이 2.70배, HDL이 2.62배, LDL은 2.27배의 순이었다. 체질량지수 및 체지방률과의 위험도는 체질량지수 7.28배, 체지방률 3.16배순이고, 육식주의자와, 음주군이 위험도가 높았으며, 지방간 발생에 영향을 주는 요인은 연령, 체질량지수, 체지방률, 중성지방, HDL, LDL, GGT, 성별이 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 건강검진을 목적으로 실시한 복부 초음파결과 중에서 지방간 소견을 보이고 그 외에도 다른 유소견의 발견이 가능함을 볼 수 있었다. 지방간은 여러 다른 임상증상과 함께 나타날 수 있으므로 혈액학적인 검사에서 지질 등의 관계를 살펴볼 때 검사에 이상이 있을 경우나 비만, 체지방률, 식습관, 음주, 운동과의 상관관계 등을 보면서 초음파 검사로 추적검사를 시행할 때 질병의 예방과 치료에 많은 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.11-36
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to analyze health behavior by comparing the difference between self-perceived health status and health examination results. The study subjects consist of 7,702 people aged over 20, surveyed by Health Interview survey, Health Examination survey, Dietary Life survey, Health Consciousness and Behavior survey. Data used in the study are drawn from raw data from a 1998 National Health and Nutrition survey. General characteristics variables are sex, age, education level, residential area, marital status, occupation, and living standard while dichotomous variables, ‘not healthy’ and ‘healthy’ are used to measure self-perceived health status. Variables for health examination results are high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, liver diseases, liver inflammation, kidney diseases, normal weight, regular diet, optimum sleeping time(7-8 hours), regular health examination and health behavior practice group. Major findings of the study are as follows: 1) Analysis of self-perceived health status and health behavior by disease: Variables significantly correlated with high self-perceived health status have strong associations with high health behavior practice, which supports the hypothesis that as one has high self-perceived health status, one is more likely to practice health promoting behavior. The results of analysis of health behavior differences by dividing subjects into two categories, ‘cases of illness’ and ‘cases of no illness’ indicate that drinking, sleeping time, health examination are significant variables (p〈0.001, 0.05) whereas smoking, weight control, regular exercise, regular diet are not significant. 2) Analysis of disparity patterns between self-perceived health status and health examination: The hypothesis that health behaviors would be different according to the disparity pattern between self-perceived health status and health examination is supported as a result of χ2 test. Among Type I : Self-perceived health status is high and actual health status is good (no disease) Type II: Self-perceived health status is high and actual health status is poor(have disease) Type III: Self-perceived health status is low and actual health status is good(no disease) Type IN: Self-perceived health status is low and actual health status is poor(have disease) Type I and Type IV show no disparity, Type I shows the highest health promoting behavior whereas Type IV shows the lowest health promoting behavior. Type II, and III, compared to Type I, practise lower health promoting behavior. Multi-logistics regression analysis was conducted to find out the degree of impact on health behavior. Independent variables are general characteristics, self-perceived health status and health examination result and presence of illness, while the dependent variable is health promoting behavior. The analysis of the impact of self-perceived health status on the health promoting behavior shows that smoking, drinking, weight control, regular exercise, health examination practice, and/or regular diet are significantly correlated to self-perceived health status. High self-perceived health status is inversely related to high health promoting behavior. This finding supports the hypothesis that the higher one perceives one's health, the more likely one is to practice health promoting behavior. On the contrary, the presence of illness has little impact on health promoting behavior. 3) Multiple logistics analysis on how disparity patterns between self-perceived health status and health examination affect health behavior: The results of multiple logistics analysis made on health behavior variables compared to the standard variable are as follows: When analyzed on the standard of Type I, smoking is a significant risk factor for the Type IV. In case of drinking, all the patterns show a high probability of relative risk ratio. With regard to weight control, it is a risk factor for Type II while all the patterns show high probability of not practising when analyzed on the standard of type IV. Type III and IV show high probability of not doing regular exercise while Type IV, shows a high probability of not taking appropriate sleeping time. When analyzed on the standard of type IV, all the patterns show a high probability of not taking health examinations. Type III and IV show a high probability of not having regular meals. As for overall health promoting behavior, Type III and IV show a high relative risk ratio. These two groups have low self-perceived health status. It implies that self-perceived health status has significant impact on health promoting behavior. This is also supported by the fact that Type I with high self-perceived health status and no illness shows a high practice rate of health promoting behavior. Types II and III the groups with high disparity between self-perceived health status and health examination results, show a low practice rate of health promoting behavior when compared to Type I. Type IV, that is the group with low self-perceived health status and actual illness, shows the lowest practice of health promoting behavior. It is highly probable that this type proves to be the poorest health group.