• 제목/요약/키워드: dietary Zn

검색결과 307건 처리시간 0.023초

아연 섭취 수준이 고지방 식이로 유도된 비만쥐의 면역 기능에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Zn Intake on Immune Responses in High Fat Diet-induced Obese Rats)

  • 김현숙;승정자
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.464-470
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc intake on immune responses in high fat diet induced obese rats. The immune status was assessed by the measurements of immunoglobulins (IgG, A, and M) production by SRBC(sheep red blood cell) with mitogen in vivo. The delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH) response was also measured as an index of cell mediated immunity. The re sults are summarized as follows : 1) There were no significant differences in the feed intake, weight gain and feed efficiency ratio of obese rats by the different dietary zinc levels. 2) White blood cell (WBC) counts were significantly affected as the dietary zinc levels decreased. The capacity of Ig M production in obese rats was significantly higher in normal zinc group than that of low and high zinc group. Cell mediated immune response evaluated by means of DTH testing has also been found to be highly impaired by zinc deficiency and overload. From these observations, it was suggested that adequate levels of zinc may promote the immune function of obese individuals. The relationship and its functional role of the zinc in obesity remains to be further studied.

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한국 연안산 해산 무척추동물의 미네랄 함량과 영양평가 (Mineral Content and Nutritional Evaluation of Marine Invertebrates from the Korean Coast)

  • 목종수;이두석;심길보;윤호동
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제42권2호
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    • pp.93-103
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    • 2009
  • To measure the mineral contents of marine invertebrates, we collected 239 individuals from 52 species from the east (Pohang), west (Gunsan), and south (Tongyeong) coasts of Korea: 34 species of molluscan shellfish (Gastropoda and Bivalvia), 6 species of Cephalopoda, 8 species of Crustacea, and 4 other species. The mean contents of the macro mineral in the 100g edible portion of molluscan shellfish were high in the oder of Na (355.1 mg), P (128.1 mg), K (110.8 mg), Mg (83.8 mg) and Ca (57.5 mg). And the mean contents of the micro mineral in the molluscan shellfish were high in the oder of Fe ($41.12{\mu}g/g$), Zn ($30.48{\mu}g/g$), Mn ($3.81{\mu}g/g$), Cu ($3.49{\mu}g/g$) and Ni ($0.35{\mu}g/g$). We could not observe clear regional variation in the mineral content of the molluscan shellfish species. The mean contents of the macro mineral in the 100g edible portion of other marine invertebrates (Cephalopoda, Crustacea, etc.) were high in the oder of Na (400.7 mg), P (145.1 mg), K (105.0 mg), Mg (63.2 mg) and Ca (49.0 mg). And the mean contents of the micro mineral in other marine invertebrates were high in the oder of Zn ($24.4{\mu}g/g$), Fe ($13.8{\mu}g/g$), Cu ($4.88{\mu}g/g$), Mn ($2.14{\mu}g/g$) and Ni ($0.12{\mu}g/g$). The daily average intakes of the macro mineral through fisheries products consisted of P (125.9 mg), Na (119.3 mg), K (101.8 mg), Ca (31.0 mg), Mg (27.6 mg). And the daily average intakes of the micro mineral through fisheries products consisted of Zn (0.92 mg), Fe (0.68 mg), Cu (0.12 mg) and Mn (0.07 mg). The respective intakes of the minerals (P, Mg, Na, Ca, K) from fish were about 18.0, 7.9, 8.0, 4.4 and 2.2% of the dietary reference intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) set by the Korean Nutrition Society. And the respective intakes of micro mineral (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn) from fish were about 14.6, 9.2, 6.7, and 2.1% of the dietary reference intakes for Koreans (KDRIs). Therefore, fisheries products play a very important role as a source of mineral.

흰쥐에서 식이 단백질 수준이 유즙 성분과 새끼의 영양상태에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Dietary Protein Level on Milk Composition and Postnatal Growth in Rats)

  • 김화영
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제32권8호
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    • pp.855-863
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    • 1999
  • This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary protein level throughout gestation and lactation on milk composition and on postnatal growth in infants, using rats as an animal model. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were provided with either high(25% ISP(Isolated Soy Protein)diet) or low protein diet(10% ISP diet) throughout gestation and lactation. Milk samples were taken for analysis from the lactating rats at days of 7, 14, 21, of lactation. Dams and some pups were killed after 4 weeks from parturtion (Experiment 1). Pups from dams of each diet groups were randomly selected and reared with 25% or 10% ISP diet for 4 more weeks (Experiment 2). In experiment 1, maternal protein intake and body weight gain throughout gestation and lactation was higher in 25% ISP group. Serum protein, Ca, Fe, Zn, K concentrations were significantly higher in 25% ISP group. There was no difference in birth weight between two groups, however the mean body weight at 4 weeks postpartum were significantly higher in 25% ISP group. Serum profiles of pups at weaning were similar to that of dams. Milk compositions were changed during lactation processes and were affected by dietary protein level. Lactose and Ca, Cu, Fe concentrations in milk were higher in 25% ISP group, whereas, lipid, triglyceride were higher in 10% ISP group. In experiment 2, food intake was higher in milk were higher in 25% ISP group but was unaffected by pup's dietary protein level after weaning. The weights of liver and kidney were affected by maternal protein intake. The weight of intestine was affected by pup's dietary protein level after weaning. The weight of femur and scapula were affected by maternal protein intake. There were no differences between four groups in serum profiles. Therefore, as mentioned above, it seemed that the effect of maternal protein malnutrition to fetus was able to be overcome to some extent by high protein diet intake after weaning. In conclusion, 1) Dietary protein level throughout gestation and lactation affected both nutritional status of dams and pups and milk composition: 25% ISP groups supported better nutritional status than 10% ISP group 2) It seemed that effect of dietary protein level after weaning on pups was able to be overcome the influence of maternal diet in fetus to some extent.

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Effects of dietary supplementation of lipid-coated zinc oxide on intestinal mucosal morphology and expression of the genes associated with growth and immune function in weanling pigs

  • Song, Young Min;Kim, Myeong Hyeon;Kim, Ha Na;Jang, Insurk;Han, Jeong Hee;Fontamillas, Giselle Ann;Lee, Chul Young;Park, Byung-Chul
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.403-409
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    • 2018
  • Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of a lipid-coated zinc oxide (ZnO) supplement Shield Zn (SZ) at the sub-pharmacological concentration on intestinal morphology and gene expression in weanling pigs, with an aim to gain insights into the mechanism of actions for SZ. Methods: Forty 22-day-old weanling pigs were fed a nursery diet supplemented with 100 or 2,500 mg Zn/kg with uncoated ZnO (negative control [NC] or positive control [PC], respectively), 100, 200, or 400 mg Zn/kg with SZ for 14 days and their intestinal tissues were taken for histological and molecular biological examinations. The villus height (VH) and crypt depth (CD) of the intestinal mucosa were measured microscopically following preparation of the tissue specimen; expression of the genes associated with growth and immune function was determined using the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: There was no difference in daily gain, gain:feed, and diarrhea score between the SZ group and either of NC and PC. The VH and VH:CD ratio were less for the SZ group vs NC in the jejunum and duodenum, respectively (p<0.05). The jejunal mucosal mRNA levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and interleukin (IL)-10 regressed and tended to regress (p = 0.053) on the SZ concentration with a positive coefficient, respectively, whereas the IL-6 mRNA level regressed on the SZ concentration with a negative coefficient. The mRNA levels of IGF-I, zonula occludens protein-1, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, IL-6, and IL-10 did not differ between the SZ group and either of NC and PC; the occludin and transforming growth $factor-{\beta}1$ mRNA levels were lower for the SZ group than for PC. Conclusion: The present results are interpreted to suggest that dietary ZnO provided by SZ may play a role in intestinal mucosal growth and immune function by modulating the expression of IGF-I, IL-6, and IL-10 genes.

The Supplementation of Yam Powder Products Can Give the Nutritional Benefits of the Antioxidant Mineral (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and Se) Intakes

  • Shin, Mee-Young;Cho, Young-Eun;Park, Chana;Sohn, Ho-Yong;Lim, Jae-Hwan;Kwun, In-Sook
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.299-305
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    • 2012
  • Yam has been recognized having the beneficial effects for the prevention of various diseases, such as cancer, immunity, infection and obesity etc. There is increasing consideration to supplement the antioxidant nutrients to make up the lack of the antioxidant nutrient intakes. No study has been reported for the analysis of antioxidant mineral contents and comparison to dietary recommended intake for the sense of health promotion. In our study, we analyzed the contents of antioxidant trace elements (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu and Se) and Cr contents in cultivated Korean yam powders for evaluation of nutrient intake aspects. We collected the commercial yam powders from six different cultivated areas in the South Korea and measured antioxidant minerals (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu and Se) and Cr contents using trace element-free plasma spectrometer (ICP) or atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) after dry-ashing and then wet-acid digestion. The accuracy of mineral analysis method was confirmed by the mineral analysis of standard reference material. Each analyzed element contents in yam were compared to dietary reference intakes of Koreans (KDRIs). The average levels of trace elements (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, Se and Cr) in yam powders were 18.3, 11.9, 36.0, 3.7, 1.9 and 1.27 ${\mu}g/g$ yam powder, respectively. The intakes of Zn, Fe, Cu and Se of which KDRIs is determined, are accounted as being up to 23.8%, 55.6%, 32.5% and 236% recommended intake (RI) of KDRIs, if daily yam supplementation (50 g) of commercial instruction would be considered. The intake of Mn is about 25% adequate intake (AI) of KDRIs with the daily supplementation of yam powder. Most of mineral intakes from daily yam supplementation were with the range of non-detectable to <10% upper limit (UL) level, which is very much safe. The study results show that daily supplementation of Korean yam power is beneficial to provide the supplemental nutrient intake and also is safe, if the suggested dosage would be considered.

Evaluation of trace mineral source and preharvest deletion of trace minerals from finishing diets on tissue mineral status in pigs

  • Ma, Y.L.;Lindemann, M.D.;Webb, S.F.;Rentfrow, G.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.252-262
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    • 2018
  • Objective: An experiment was conducted to evaluate dietary supplemental trace mineral source and deletion on mineral content in tissues. Methods: Weanling crossbred pigs (n = 144; 72 barrows and 72 gilts; body weight [BW] = $7.4{\pm}1.05kg$) were used. A basal diet was prepared, and trace mineral premix containing either inorganic (ITM) or organic (OTM) trace minerals (Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) was added to the basal diet. Pigs were blocked by sex and BW and randomly allotted to 24 pens for a total of 6 pigs per pen, and fed a diet containing either ITM or OTM supplemented at the 1998 NRC requirement estimates for each of 5 BW phases (Phase I to V) from 7 to 120 kg. The trace mineral supplementation was deleted for 6, 4, 2, and 0 wk of Phase V; regarding nutrient adequacy during this phase, the indigenous dietary Fe and Mn was sufficient, Cu was marginal and Zn was deficient. Results: At the end of Phase IV, Mn content (mg/kg on the dry matter basis) was greater (p<0.05) in heart (0.77 vs 0.68), kidney (6.32 vs 5.87), liver (9.46 vs 8.30), and longissimus dorsi (LD; 0.30 vs 0.23) of pigs fed OTM. The pigs fed OTM were greater (p<0.05) in LD Cu (2.12 vs 1.89) and Fe (21.75 vs 19.40) and metacarpal bone Zn (141.86 vs 130.05). At the end of Phase V, increased length of deletion period (from 0 to 6 wk) resulted in a decrease (linear, p<0.01) in liver Zn (196.5 to 121.8), metacarpal bone Zn (146.6 to 86.2) and an increase (linear, p<0.01) in heart Mn (0.70 to 1.08), liver Mn (7.74 to 12.96), and kidney Mn (5.58 to 7.56). The only mineral source by deletion period interaction (p<0.05) was observed in LD Zn. Conclusion: The results demonstrated differential effects of mineral deletion on tissue mineral content depending on both mineral assessed and source of the mineral.

성인 여성의 미량무기질(Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Se, Mo 및 Cr) 섭취량 - 분석치와 계산치의 비교 - (Dietary intakes of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Se, Mo, and Cr of Korean adult women - Comparison between the data from analyzed and calculated -)

  • 김경희;임현숙
    • 한국가정과학회지
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.69-79
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    • 2006
  • The previous studies on the intake of trace elements performed in Korea were only concerned about major elements like Fe, Zn or Cu. There is little data about the intake of minor elements like Mn, Se, Mo or Cr. And most of the data were obtained by calculation using Food Composition Tables or by analysis using atomic absorption spectrophotometers (AAS). The purpose of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the dietary intake of seven trace elements, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Se, Mo, and Cr of Korean adult wonmen and to compare the data between analyzed using ICP-MS (or ICP-AES) and calculated by the CAN-Pro (or Food Composition Table). A total of nineteen adult women participated voluntarily in this study and collected one-tenth of the foods that they consumed for three consecutive days. Analyzed intake of Fe of the subjects was $6.94{\pm}2.18$ (calculated, $18.87{\pm}4.50$) mg/day, that of Ze was $9.35{\pm}4.95$ (calculated, $8.35{\pm}2.87mg/day$), that of Cu was $1.18{\pm}0.26\;(1.11{\pm}0.32mg/day)$, that of Mn was $3.69{\pm}0.69\;(2.83{\pm}1.68mg/day)$, that of Se was $41.93{\pm}9.28$ (calculated, $27.58{\pm}6.97{\mu}g/day$), that of Mo was $134.0{\pm}49.1{\mu}g/day$, and that of Cr was $136.5{\pm}147.9{\mu}g/day$. The analyzed Fe intake of the subjects did not meet Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) nor Recommended Intakes (RI) for Korean women aged 20-29 years old. However, the analyzed intakes of the other six elements, Zn, Cu, Mn, Se, Mo, and Cr, seemed to meet each of the respective RIs. The analyzed Fe intake was significantly lower than the calculated one, in fact by 2.72 times, however, the analyzed intakes of the other elements, Mn and Se, were significantly higher and those of Zn and Cu were similar than each of the calculated ones. The difference of the data between analyzed and calculated intakes indicates that it is necessary to set up database on trace element contents of foods of the Food Composition Table and the CAN-Pro so as to have accuracy.

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Effects of Organic Trace Mineral Supplementation on Sows' Reproductive and Neonates' Growth Performance through 2 wk Postweaning

  • Acda, S.P.;Chae, B.J.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제15권9호
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    • pp.1312-1318
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    • 2002
  • A feeding trial using sows and their neonates was conducted to determine the effects of source and level of organic trace mineral supplementation on reproductive performance of sows and the subsequent performance of their neonates through 2 wk post weaning. A total of 16 gestating sows ($Landrace{\times}$Yorkshire) in parities 2 to 4 were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments following a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. One of the two factors evaluated the effect of the source (inorganic vs organic), and the second factor evaluated the effect of the level (low vs high) of trace minerals added to the diet. The trace mineral premixes were formulated to provide a low concentration of trace minerals (50 ppm Fe/87.5 ppm Fe, 17.5 ppm Cu/85 ppm Cu, 45 ppm Zn/60 ppm Zn, and 20 ppm Mn/17.5 ppm Mn), and a high concentration of trace minerals (100 ppm Fe/175 ppm Fe, 35 ppm Cu/170 ppm Cu, 90 ppm Zn/120 ppm Zn, 40 ppm Mn/35 ppm Mn), when included at 0.20% in sows'/weaned pigs' diets, respectively. The total number born, total born alive and weaned, and the average neonate weight at birth were affected neither by the dietary source nor by the level of trace minerals (p>0.05), but an interaction effect (p<0.05) between the source and level of trace minerals was observed on the average weight at weaning. The neonates from sows fed the low level of organic trace minerals gained weight at an equal rate compared with those farrowed by sows fed the high level of inorganic trace minerals. Sows fed the organic trace minerals nursed their young with milk higher in Fe and Zn (p<0.05) compared with those fed diets with inorganic trace minerals. Consequently, the weaned pigs receiving the organic form of trace minerals tended to grow at a faster rate, consumed less feed and tended to utilize their feed more efficiently (p<0.10). It was further observed that the organic trace minerals significantly increased (p<0.05) Fe contents in the liver and serum, and Zn in the serum and bone. In conclusion, sows and neonates fed the organic minerals at low level showed similar performance compared with those fed the inorganic minerals at high level as specified in this study.

Effect of Varying Levels of Dietary Minerals on Growth and Nutrient Utilization in Lambs

  • Sharma, L.C.;Yadav, P.S.;Mandal, A.B.;Sunaria, K.R.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.46-52
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    • 2004
  • Hisardale male lambs (n=24, 4-5 month of age) were maintained on a conventional ration for a month, to equilibrate the body mineral status. Six lambs were sacrificed after one month of feeding; the samples of organs were analyzed to ascertain mineral status. The remaining 18 lambs were divided into 3 groups of 6 each on body weight basis. Three dietary treatments containing 100 ($T_1$), 110 ($T_2$) and 120% ($T_3$) of minerals (Ca, P, S, Zn and Mn) as specified by NRC (1985) were formulated and each treatment was alloted ad libitum to a group for 120 days. Blood and wool samples were collected at monthly intervals. At the end of the experiment a balance trial of 5 days duration was conducted to study the balance of mineral elements. The effective intake of minerals was Ca, 111 and 120, P, 110 and 122; S, 112 and 129; Zn, 112 and 126 and Mn, 109 and 123 percent in $T_2$ and $T_3$, respectively, in comparison to $T_1$ (100). The additional mineral supplementation had no significant effect on dry matter intake. The average daily weight gain was higher (p<0.01) in $T_2$ and $T_3$ than the control ($T_1$). The lambs under treatments $T_2$ (8.72) and $T_3$ (8.47 kg) consumed apparently lesser amount of dry matter per unit gain as compared to $T_1$ (10.81 kg). Significantly higher (p<0.05) dry matter and crude protein digestibility (%) were observed in $T_2$ and $T_3$ than in $T_1$. The mean balances for different elements were Ca, 1.14, 1.68 and 1.67 g; P, 1.70, 1.95 and 2.18 g; S, 0.54, 0.92 and 1.11 g; Zn, 22.56, 25.30 and 28.71 mg; Cu, 7.94, 5.71 and 5.53 mg; Fe, 33.19, 32.94 and 31.03 mg and Mn, 8.24, 14.40 and 16.07 mg/lamb/day. The retention of supplemental minerals increased (p<0.01) while that of Cu decreased (p<0.01) due to supplementation of minerals (Ca, P, S, Zn and Mn). Retention as per cent of intake increased statistically for S and Mn while that of Cu decreased. It can be concluded that supplementation of minerals (Ca, P, S, Zn and Mn) higher than the recommended level improved body weight gain and feed to gain ratio. The retention of minerals increased due to supplementation. Therefore, an additional supplementation of deficient minerals (Ca, P, S, Zn and Mn) by 10% was beneficial for Hisardale male lambs under tropical condition in India.

고지방식이 유도 비만 마우스에서 아연 보충이 골격 근육의 아연 수송체 ZIP7 수준과 혈당 조절에 미치는 영향 (Dietary zinc supplementation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice: Effects on the skeletal muscle ZIP7 expression and blood glucose regulation)

  • 주치앤징;정자용
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제54권6호
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    • pp.594-602
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    • 2021
  • 본 연구는 고지방식이로 유도한 비만 동물모델에서 아연의 식이를 통한 보충 급여가 혈당 조절과 골격 근육의 ZIP7의 작용에 미치는 영향에 대해 살펴보았다. 고지방식이를 공급한 HF군은 정상 대조군에 비하여 단위 체중당 골격 근육 무게가 유의하게 감소하였으며, 혈당은 유의적으로 증가하였다. 고지방식이와 함께 아연을 보충 공급한 HF+Zn군은 아연을 보충하지 않은 HF군과 비교하여, 공복 혈당과 경구 포도당 부하 후 혈당 증가 면적이 유의하게 감소하였다. 또한, HF+Zn군은 HF군에 비해 골격 근육의 ZIP7 단백질 수준이 유의하게 증가하였으며, AKT 활성과 GLUT4 단백질 수준도 유의하게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 아연 보충은 비만으로 인한 고혈당 증세를 완화하는 효과를 나타내며, 이는 골격 근육에서의 ZIP7 아연 수송체에 의한 당 대사 조절과 관련이 있을 것으로 생각된다.