• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.51-61
• /
• 2011

Elevated serum concentration of inflammation markers is known as an independent risk factor of metabolic syndrome (MS) and dietary intake is an important factor to control MS. The purpose of this study was to investigated the hypothesis that inflammatory indices are associated with dietary intake and diet quality index-international (DQI-I) in subjects with MS. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 156 men and 73 postmenopausal women with MS, defined by three or more risk factors of the modified Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Serum levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), adiponectin were examined and nutrients intake and DQI-I were assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The total DQI-I score was significantly higher in female subjects ($65.87{\pm}9.86$) than in male subjects ($62.60{\pm}8.95$). There was a positive association between hs-CRP and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake (p < 0.05) and a negative association between adiponectin and lipid (p < 0.05), total sugar (p < 0.01), and total fatty acids (p < 0.05). When the subjects were divided into 5 groups by quintile according to serum adiponectin and hs-CRP level, there was no association between DQI-I score and hs-CRP levels. Moderation score of DQI-I was significantly higher in highest quintile group than the lower quintile groups. Therefore, our results provide some evidence that dietary intake and diet quality are associated with inflammation markers and dietary modification might be a predictor to decrease risk for metabolic syndrome complications. However further research is needed to develop the dietary quality index reflecting the inflammatory change by considering the dietary habit and pattern of Koreans.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.240-251
• /
• 2012

Assessment regarding the nutritional status of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients is important because their nutritional status influences the outcome of disease. The purpose of this study investigated the dietary habits, dietary quality, and quality of life for Korean PD patients according to their nutritional status. Seventy PD patients were recruited from K University Hospital (KMC IRB#0918-07) from February 2010 to October 2011. To diagnose PD, the United Kingdom Parkinson's Society Brain Bank standards were used by a neurology physician. The participants were interviewed and assessed using various tools, including a general questionnaire, anthropometrics, questionnaires for dietary habits, dietary diversity score (DVS), dietary variety score (DVS), diet quality index-international (DQI-I), beck depression inventory (BDI), the Korean version of mini mental state examination (K-MMSE), and 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). The results of the study were as follows: 1) Most of the PD patients (69.0%) were at risk of malnutrition, and 8.5% and 22.5% of the subjects were malnourished and well-nourished, respectively. 2) Clinical symptoms (swallowing and chewing difficulties) were obvious, and the quality of diet (DDS, DVS, DQI-I) was low in the malnourished group (p < 0.01). 3) The malnourished group had significantly lower scores regarding SF-36 (quality of life) as well as that of cognitive function (p < 0.05). 4) The nutritional status of PD patients was significantly correlated with their depression (p < 0.05) and quality of life (p < 0.01). These results indicate that appropriate nutritional management will improve the nutritional status and quality of life as well as the cognitive function in Parkinson's disease patients.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.223-244
• /
• 2022

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the relationship between metabolic risk factors, Index of Nutrition Quality, and the dietary quality index score of Korean adults. Methods: The subjects were 18,652 Korean adults aged 19 years or older (7,899 males, 10,753 females) who participated in the 2016-2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Subjects were divided into normal, pre-metabolic syndrome, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) groups according to the number of their metabolic risk factors. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: About 44.7% of men in the MetS group were at least college graduates (P < 0.001), whereas 52.0% of women in the MetS group were middle school graduates or lower (P < 0.001). The frequency of fruit and dairy products intake tended to decrease as the number of metabolic risk factors increased in both men and women (P for trend < 0.001). As the number of metabolic risk factors decreased, the frequency of grain intake tended to decrease in men (P for trend < 0.001) while the frequency of intake of red meat (P for trend = 0.001), poultry (P for trend < 0.001), and eggs (P for trend < 0.001) decreased in women. The total scores of Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) (men P < 0.001, women P < 0.01) and Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) (men and women P < 0.001) were significantly lower in the MetS group compared to the other groups, and the total score of DQI-I and KHEI tended to decrease as the number of metabolic risk factors increased. Conclusions: Dietary quality evaluation using various indices can provide more information on the dietary problems related to metabolic risk factors. Nutrients and foods that have been confirmed to be related to metabolic risk factors can be used to develop dietary guidelines for the nutritional management of metabolic diseases.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.305-312
• /
• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: As the prevalence of chronic diseases has risen, the need for straightforward diagnostic tools for monitoring nutrition status to improve nutrition counseling and disease prevention has likewise increased. This study developed an easily usable dietary behavior pattern diagnosis checklist and investigated its correlation with dietary quality index. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A draft dietary pattern evaluation tool was generated by analyzing previous studies. The draft questionnaire comprised 61 questions for assessing dietary habits. A survey was administered to 320 adults (19 to 64 years old) using the dietary pattern evaluation tool and 24-hour-recall method between March and May of 2014 in Jeonbuk province and the metropolitan area. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to identify dietary behavior patterns. Nutritional analysis was conducted using CAN-Pro 4.0, and the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) was calculated to assess dietary quality. The correlation between dietary pattern scores and DQI-I scores was also analyzed. RESULTS: The factor analysis resulted in a total of 34 questions mapped to four main dietary behavior patterns: "high fat and calorie" pattern (12 questions), "overeating/binge" pattern (nine questions), "dietary impulse" pattern (eight questions), and "unbalanced food intake" pattern (five questions). The four dietary behavior patterns were negatively correlated with DQI-I adequacy and total scores (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The dietary pattern evaluation tool developed in this study can be used to diagnose a client's dietary behavior problems and is available as a nutrition counseling tool in the field.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제19권8호
• /
• pp.1197-1205
• /
• 2006

This experiment was conducted to compare the effects of feeding DL-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid (HMTBA) and DL-methionine (DLM) supplemented corn-soybean-cottonseed meal diets on growth performance, carcass composition, and muscle color of broilers. The trial was designed as a $2{\times}3{\times}2$ factorial experiment, including two methionine (Met) sources (HMTBA and DLM), three equimolar graded levels of Met supplementation (i.e., 0.08, 0.16, and 0.24% in the starter diet and 0.07, 0.14, and 0.21% in the grower and finisher diets, respectively), and two sexes (male and female). Additionally, one basal diet for each sex was formulated to be limiting in Met to test the dosage response of increasing supplemental Met levels. Four hundred and twenty 10-d-old broilers were randomly allotted to 14 treatments (seven each for males and females), with five replicate pens per treatment and six chicks per pen. There was no difference (p>0.05) between the two Met sources in growth performance and muscle deposition of broilers throughout the whole experimental period (d 10 to 49). With the increasing Met supplementation levels, average daily gain was increased (quadratic; p<0.01) during the starter, grower, and overall phases, average daily feed intake was increased (quadratic; p<0.01) during the starter phase, and feed:gain ratio was decreased (quadratic; p<0.05) during the grower and overall phases. At the end of finisher phase, Met supplementation increased breast muscle content (quadratic; p<0.01) and thigh muscle content (linear; p<0.05), and decreased abdominal fat content (quadratic; p<0.02). Compared to the broiler fed DLM, broilers fed HMTBA had superior breast and thigh muscle coloration (p<0.01). Male broilers had higher weight gain and feed intake and better feed conversion than female broilers (p<0.01). The fat content of thigh muscle in female broilers was higher than that of male broilers (p<0.03). The best fit comparison of HMTBA vs. DLM was determined by Schwarz Bayesian Criteria index, which indicated that the average relative bioefficacy of HMTBA vs. DLM was 120% with 95% confidence limit 67 to 172%. These results indicated that Met supplementation improved growth performance and carcass quality of broilers fed corn-soybean-cottonseed meal diets irrespective of Met sources. Compared to DLM, HMTBA has the same molar bioefficacy on improving the growth performance and carcass quality of broilers; however, HMTBA fed birds had superior meat color to DLM fed birds.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제26권7호
• /
• pp.869-874
• /
• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of various types of fermented red ginseng marc with red koji to laying hens on eggshell and egg yolk quality characteristics. A total of 240 Hy-line Brown laying hens (40 wk of age) were randomly allotted to 24 pens (6 replicates per treatment and 10 laying hens per replicate). Experimental diets consisted of 4 treatments containing basal diet (control), 1% fermented red ginseng marc powder with red koji, 1% fermented red ginseng marc pelleted with red koji and 1% fermented red ginseng marc coated with red koji. During the 8-wk feeding trial, there were no significant differences in eggshell strength, eggshell thickness and eggshell color among the treatments, except for eggshell strength at 4 and 8 wk and eggshell thickness at 0 wk. In addition, no differences in egg yolk color and egg yolk index were found for all treatments throughout the 8-wk feeding period, except for egg yolk color at 0 wk. Thus, using various types of fermented red ginseng marc with red koji to laying hens did not improve eggshell and egg yolk quality characteristics.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제48권2호
• /
• pp.167-179
• /
• 2015

뇌졸중은 국내 3대 사인 중 하나로 칼륨과 마그네슘, 칼슘의 섭취량이 뇌졸중 발병 및 예방에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 연구가 지속되고 있지만 연구 결과가 아직 명확하지 않은 실정이다. 또한 뇌졸중 환자들에 있어 영양 상태는 증상의 정도와 합병증 및 예후를 결정짓는 중요한 역할을 함에도 불구하고 현재까지 국내 뇌졸중 환자들의 DQI-I를 이용한 식사의 질 평가에 대한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 285명의 뇌졸중 환자들의 칼륨과 마그네슘, 칼슘의 섭취량에 따라 4분위로 나누어 섭취량이 가장 적은 Q1 그룹과 섭취량이 가장 많은 Q4 그룹의 식사의 질을 평가 비교하였고, 칼륨과 마그네슘, 칼슘의 섭취량과 대뇌 죽상경화증과의 상관성에 대해 분석하여 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 대상자들의 신체계측 및 생화학적 검사결과는 칼륨과 마그네슘, 칼슘의 섭취량에 따라 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 연령이 낮을수록 마그네슘의 섭취가 유의적으로 높았고, 교육수준이 높을수록 칼륨의 섭취가 많았다. 그리고 칼륨의 섭취가 많을수록 심방세동의 분포가 적었으며, 마그네슘의 섭취가 많을수록 대뇌 죽상경화증의 분포가 적음을 확인하였다. 2) 대상자들의 칼륨과 마그네슘, 칼슘의 섭취량과 한국인 영양섭취 기준$^{28}$을 비교한 결과, Q1에서의 섭취 비율이 Q4에서의 섭취 비율보다 유의적으로 낮았고, 특히 마그네슘의 경우, Q1 그룹과 Q4 그룹 모두 권장섭취량에 비해 부족하게 섭취하고 있었다. 그리고 식품군별 섭취량과 영양소별 섭취량 비교 결과, Q1 그룹의 평균 섭취량보다 Q4 그룹의 평균 섭취량이 유의적으로 많았다. 3) 대상자들의 식사의 질을 비교한 결과, 칼륨과 마그네슘, 칼슘의 섭취량이 많을수록 INQ와 MAR, 총 DQI-I의 점수가 높아 식사의 질이 높음을 확인하였다. 4) 대상자들의 칼륨과 마그네슘, 칼슘의 섭취량과 대뇌죽상경화증의 상관성을 분석한 결과, 유의적인 상관관계가 없었으나, 마그네슘의 경우 보정을 하지 않았을 경우와 나이, 성별, 교육수준, 흡연량, 심방세동의 유무, 총열량 섭취량을 보정한 경우, 섭취량이 많을수록 대뇌 죽상경화증의 발생률이 줄어드는 경향을 보였다. 결론적으로 칼륨과 마그네슘, 칼슘의 섭취량이 많을수록 전반적인 식사의 질이 좋음을 보여준다. 그리고 마그네슘의 경우 섭취량이 높을수록 대뇌 죽상경화증의 발생률이 줄어드는 경향을 보였다. 하지만 DQI-I의 절제성 항목과 균형성 항목에서 칼륨과 마그네슘, 칼슘의 섭취량이 많을수록 점수가 낮아진 점과 대뇌 죽상경화증 발생과의 유의적인 관계가 충분하지 않았던 결과를 보아 제한점들을 보완하고 대상자수를 충분히 확보하여 지속적인 연구를 수행한다면 환자 개인적 차원뿐만 아니라 국가적 보건 차원으로 뇌졸중의 합병증 감소 및 예방에 기초자료를 제공하는 데에 도움이 될 것이라 사료된다.