• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.313-319
• /
• 2002

Since the oil crisis in 1970, a great deal of effort has been made to develop automatic electric load sharing systems as a part of the efforts to save energy. A large scale electric generating system composes more than two generators whose characteristics may be different. When such a system is operated individually or in parallel, the lagrange multiplier's method has difficulty in achieving optimal load distribution because generators usually have the limitations of the operating range with inequality constraints. Therefore, a suitable operating mode of generators has to be decided according to the selection of the generators to meet electric power requirements at the minimum cost. In this study, a method which solves the optimal electric load distribution problem using the dynamic programming technique is proposed. This study also shows that the dynamic programming method has an advantage in dealing with the optimal load distribution problem under the limitations of the operating range with inequality constraints including generator operation mode. In this study, generator operating cost curve of second order equation by shop trial test results of diesel generators are used. The results indicate that the proposed method can be applied to the ship's electric generating system.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.16-23
• /
• 2014

This paper presents a renewable energy configuration plan of Micro grid in Gapa Island. To analyze the characteristics of Micro grid, BESS (Battery Energy Storage System), PMSG (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator) and SCIG (Squirrel Cage Induction Generator) are first modelled. The PMSG and SCIG will operate with basis on the real power curve. when the total power demand is larger than the total power generation, the BESS will be operated and the SOC (State Of Charge) is reduced. If the value of SOC could drop down to limited value, the system may be broken because of the voltage drop of BESS. To solve this problem, a DG (Diesel Generator) is used to charge the BESS and keep the voltage value of BESS with in a allowance limit. This paper represents simulation result when PMSG, SCIG connected to the Micro grid installed in Gapa Island. The simulation is carry out by using PSCAD/EMTDC program with actual line constant and transformer parameter in Gapa Island.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.30-37
• /
• 2018

Unlike an AC system, a DC system does not cause problems with synchronization, stability, reactive power, system losses, and cost. However, more research is still required for the application of DC Systems. This paper proposes a stable black-start strategy for a stand-alone DC micro-grid, which consists of an energy storage system, photovoltaic generator, wind-turbine generator, diesel generator, and DC loads. The proposed method is very important for avoiding inrush current and transient overvoltage in the power system equipment during restoration after a blackout. PSCAD/EMTDC software was used to simulate, analyze, and verify the method, which was found to be stable and applicable for a stand-alone DC micro-grid.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.56-67
• /
• 1994

The installation methods of diesel engines in ships would be largely classified into two groups : one is the direct mounting system fixing engine directly into double bottom of the hull, and the other is the resilient mounting system having vibration absorbers between engine and ship body such as rubber plate to prevent shocks or vibration transmission. The direct mounting system is generally used for large-sized low speed diesel engines, because the resilient mounting system has difficulties in reducing the natural frequency of engine itself under normal speed. On the contrary, the resilient mounting system is often used for medium or high speed engines for marine propulsion and generator that have light weight and high revolution speed. Recently, it is even applied to engines having relatively low speed(300-400rpm) for fishing boats. Although many researches for the resilient mounting system have been carried out, many problems in applying these results directly to marine vessels because most of these have been used for automobiles. Up to now we have had to depend on the professional foreign company in design and the supply of parts for the resilient mounting system of marinediesel engines utterly. In preseut study, the exciting forces of engines effecting to resilient mounting were examined, and patterns of vibration and evaluation procedure for force transmission from resilient mounting to the body of hull were established. Also, these results were applied to the analysis of free and forced vibration for the rubber-type resilient mounting systems of marine diesel engines. Besides, after changing the various design parameters, such as locations, angles, dynamic characteristics and the number of resilient mountings, the influences on resilient mounting system were also examined.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.159-166
• /
• 2008

In this study, the characteristics of emulsified fuel and engine emissions were studied. Emulsified fuel which composed of water and diesel was manufactured by using homogenizer and ultrasonic generator. Engine emissions were studied whit engine dinamometer. In emulsified fuel, density and viscosity were increased with increasing water contents, but viscosity was decreased over 60% of water in emulsion fuel. The emulsion type of W/O changed to that of O/W over 60% of water in emulsion fuel. In the results of engine dinamometer test, NOx concentration and smoke density were reduced with increasing water contents in emulsified fuel but reciprocal in the case of THC, CO. Temperature and power were reduced with increasing water contents in emulsion fuel. In conclusion, it seemed that using emulsified fuel for diesel engine was effective for reducing NOx concentration and smoke density.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.7-13
• /
• 2021

In recent years, the importance of environmental regulations is increasing in the shipping industry, and the demands of the industry for this are rapidly increasing. Accordingly, the demand of ship owners is increasing as the shaft generator is a technology that responds to environmental regulations that can be applied to ships the fastest. The shaft generator is a device that can increase the fuel consumption rate of the main propulsion engine by installing an electric motor in the main propulsion engine and using it variably according to the load environment. It operates by the power of the motor at low speeds, and when a sudden load is required, the main propulsion engine and motor operate together, enabling efficient operation. In this paper, the diesel engine and shaft generator of a tug boat are modeled using MATLAB Simulink, and the fuel consumption rate is verified through simulation.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.914-921
• /
• 2022

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has set a goal of reducing ship's carbon dioxide emissions by 70% and greenhouse gas emissions by 50% by 2050 compared to 2008. Shipowners and shipyards are promoting various R&D activities such as LNG propulsion, ammonia propulsion, electric propulsion, CO₂ capture, and shaft generators as a way to satisfy this problem. The dual shaft generator has the advantage that it can be directly applied to an existing ship through remodeling. In this paper, the total fuel reduction rate that can be obtained by applying the shaft generator to the existing ship was verified through simulation. For this purpose, the size of the medium-sized ship was defined, and the governor, diesel engine, propeller, torque switch, generator for shaft generator, propulsion motor for shaft generator, and ship model were modeled and simulated.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.38 no.7
• /
• pp.877-882
• /
• 2014

The reduction of CO2 emission has been discussed in the Marine Environment Protection committee in the International Maritime Organization as the biggest causes of GHG for the purpose of indexing CO2 amounts released into the atmosphere from ships. Accordingly, various methods including the change in the hull design to improve energy efficiency, the coating development to reduce friction resistances, the additives development for improving thermal efficiency in an engine, the low-speed operation to reduce fuel consumptions, and etc. have been applied. The main engine of a ship is an electronic engine for improving the efficiency of the whole load area. However, marine generator engines still use mechanical drive engines in intake, exhaust, and fuel injection valve drive cams. In addition, most of marine generator engines in ships apply a part-load operation of less then 80% due to an overload protection system. Therefore, marine auxiliary diesel engine set at 100% load is necessary to readjust in order to efficient operation because of part-load operation. The objective of this study is to report the results of the part-load fuel consumption improvement by injection timing readjust to identifying the operational characteristics of a marine generator engine currently operated in a ship.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.128-134
• /
• 2008

The variable speed engine generator set is interested for an isolated power system due to reduced fuel consumption and less emission. However, because of sluggish dynamic behavior of the internal combustion engine the power quality would be degraded during the sudden load power surge, where the power required by the load is not available by the engine due to the reduced engine speed. An isolated power system based on variable speed engine with a super-capacitor bank can improve dynamic characteristics under such a sudden load change, and power quality, fuel consumption, and pollutants can be improved remarkably. Also, it is verified by the computer simulation that the inverter of 3phase-4leg is compatible to the isolated power system with unbalanced load. In this paper, the feasibility of the system has been verified based on a 26kw commercial diesel engine system.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2007

In this study, for the evaluation of seismic safety of the isolated Emergency Diesel Generator (EDG) System more quantitatively, the seismic fragility analysis method were proposed. Using the proposed method, seismic fragility analysis performed and a seismic risk of EDG system was present. The fragility analysis performed not for an existing EDG system but also for an isolated EDG system which increases the seismic capacity. At first, numerical models for existing and isolated EDG system were constructed and seismic response analysis performed according to input seismic waves and peak ground accelerations. An uncertainty factors and failure modes of both fixed and isolated EDG system were assumed for fragility analysis. The HCLPF values were evaluated for the compare the improvement effect using the isolation system. As a result, the isolation system can make better the seismic fragility of EDG system, but the failure of isolation system was govern the behavior of whole system.