• 영어어문교육
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.231-251
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• 2010

This study was designed to identify students' perceptions and attitudes towards dictation practice in English listening classes and investigate the relationships among 5 factors with regard to dictation practice: participation, usefulness, interest, motivation, and confidence. For the study, the research was implemented for 15 weeks with 41 Korean university students. The subjects had dictation practice in their English listening classes on a regular basis for one semester. At the end of the semester, a questionnaire was used to find out students' perceptions and attitudes towards dictation practice. For the analysis of the subject's responses, first, a descriptive analysis was administered. After that, a correlation analysis was done to explore what the relations among 5 factors were. Results indicated that most students actively participated in the class, and they regarded dictation as a very useful practice in their listening classes. Also, the dictation practice motivated students not only for English listening but also for overall English studying. However, more than two third students showed low interest and confidence in the class. As for the correlations among 5 factors, there were very strong correlations between usefulness and motivation, usefulness and confidence, interest and motivation, interest and confidence, and confidence and motivation. Based on the results, some implications were presented and some guidelines for effective dictation practice were suggested.

• 아동학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.241-249
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• 2001

This study examined the effect of story dictation and dramatization on children's story construction and decontextualized language. For 12 weeks, the 22 five-year-old children in the experimental group participated in story dictation and dramatization activities while another 22 same-age children participated only in story dictation. The instruments were the children's Decontextualized Language Test(Foley, 1992) and children's Story Analysis(Knipping, 1987), revised to fit Korean grammar. Story dictation and dramatization facilitated high level story construction by children: it raised levels of story coherence and narrative form. Story dictation and dramatization also enhanced decontextualized language of children, raising their use of decontextualized language on a picture description task.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.177-197
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• 2009

This study investigated the effects of dictation practice, in terms of listening proficiency and the use of listening strategy. The research was implemented for 15 weeks with 89 freshmen and sophomores at a Korean university. The subjects were divided into an experimental group and a control group. All conditions were the same in both groups, except that the experimental group had dictation practice on a regular basis in their listening classes through one semester. For the purpose of the study, two research questions were set; 1) Does dictation practice improve listening proficiency? 2) What are the differences in the use of listening strategies between the two groups? Does dictation practice make the participants use different listening strategies? A sample TOEIC listening test was conducted as a pre-test and post-test. A questionnaire was used to find out the differences in the use of listening strategies between the two groups. The results of this study reveal that there was no statistically difference in improvement between the two groups; however, the experimental group scored much higher on the post-test than the pre-test compared with the control group. In regard to listening strategies, among 6 listening strategies, the use of metacognitive listening strategies had a significant difference between the two groups. On the basis of the results, the study suggested some guidelines for dictation practice in EFL listening classes and called for more studies on its effects.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not the use of the Korean alphabet increased the accuracy of English sentences Korean university students produced in dictation. The students were divided into three categories, beginning, intermediate, and advanced, based on the listening comprehension scores of a practice TOEIC test. The total population of 120 students were divided into two groups, control and experiment. In the first testing, the experiment group transcribed the English utterances on a practice TOEIC tape into phonological writing in Korean and then later changed the Korean writing into English words and sentences. In the second testing, the control group became the experiment group and used the Korean alphabet in transcribing the English sounds. Statistically significant differences were found in the improvement of accuracy in dictation when the Korean alphabet was used, especially for the beginning and intermediate students. By using the Korean alphabet as the phonological representation of the sounds, the students in the experiment group produced more accurate English words than the control group who went directly from the English utterances to writing in English. Statistically significant results were not produced for the advanced students. The significance of the present study relates to the need to add to the paucity of available data on the use of the Korean alphabet in teaching listening comprehension.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2021

In this study, listening errors by Korean EFL learners are comprehensively analyzed from self-paced passage dictation tasks. Fifty-five Korean EFL learners participated in the study. Listeners were asked to write down dictation passages as accurately as possible, while listening to the audio as much as they needed. The results show that (i) low-proficiency learners tend to misperceive longer phrases than high-proficiency learners, (ii) function words are more often omitted or misheard than content words, and (iii) low-proficiency learners have more difficulties with content words than high-proficiency learners do. Most frequent suffix errors were omissions of past or plural suffixes. Among the function words, the most frequent errors were found with auxiliary contractions, infinitive marker to, and articles, mostly in the environment of linking and elision. It is also shown that C-V linking, C-C linking, and elision are the primary sources for the most frequent errors. C-V linking led to errors in correctly locating the word boundary, while C-C linking and elision resulted in omission. These errors show that Korean EFL listeners have difficulties in detecting fine-grained phonetic details to the extent that native speakers can do.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.35-50
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• 2005

Thirty six EFL freshman students at the College of Languages and Translation, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were given a dictation, a listening comprehension test and a decoding test. The purpose of the study was to find out whether EFL freshmen students' spelling ability correlates with their listening comprehension and decoding skills. Data analysis showed that the typical EFL freshman student misspelled 41.5% of the words on the dictation, gave 49.5% correct responses on the listening comprehension test, and 52% correct responses on the decoding test. The median and mean scores showed that the subjects' spelling, listening and decoding achievement is low, which implied that the subjects were having spelling, listening comprehension and decoding difficulties. The students' spelling errors and correct listening comprehension and decoding responses revealed strong correlations between spelling ability, listening comprehension and decoding skills. This means that good spelling ability in EFL is related to good listening comprehension and good decoding skills. The better the listening comprehension and decoding abilities, the fewer the spelling errors. When listening comprehension and decoding skills are poor, spelling ability is also poor. Recommendations for spelling, listening and decoding instruction are given.

• 기록학연구
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• 제44호
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• pp.155-197
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• 2015

세월호 참사가 벌어진지 1주기가 됐다. 사건발생 후 지금까지 기록학계를 비롯한 많은 이들이 사건을 기록하기 위해 노력했다. 안산활동가들이 주축이 된 시민기록위원회도 그중 하나다. 시민기록위원회 산하 구술증언팀에서는 세월호와 관련된 다양한 사람들의 구술을 채록해왔다. 세월호 유가족은 물론 자원봉사자, 종교계 인사, 시민운동가, 안산 시민 등으로부터 구술을 수집했다. 전 세계적으로 재난은 모두가 함께 기억하고 추모하는 중요한 사건으로, 이를 기록하는데 가장 효과적인 수단 중 하나는 구술 아카이브 구축이다. 갑작스레 발생하는 재난의 특성상 기록이 많이 남겨지지 않고, 추모기록을 비롯해 사건에 대한 다양한 시각의 사람들이 들려주는 구술이야 말로 사건의 실체에 다가서는데 많은 도움을 주기 때문이다. 9.11 테러를 추모하기 위해 건립된 미국의 '국립9.11추모박물관'에서는 관련된 사람들의 구술을 채록하기 위해 여러 프로그램을 마련하고 있다. 2013년 발생한 보스톤 마라톤 폭탄 테러를 기억하기 위해 '아워 마라톤'이라는 크라우드 소싱 디지털 아카이브가 구축됐다. 지역의 대학과 기관들이 협업해 만든 이 아카이브에서는 구술채록을 적극적으로 하고 있다. 팬암 항공 103편 테러사건은 시라큐스 대학에서 아카이브를 설립했다. 이곳 역시도 졸업생, 교직원, 희생자의 가족과 친구 등에게 구술을 수집하고 있다. 세월호 참사 관련 구술 역시도 이런 해외 사례와 마찬가지로 지속적으로 수집해야하며, 희생자 추모 등으로 활용될 수 있어야 한다. 또한 다시는 이런 재난이 이 땅에 발생하지 않도록 하는 계기로 삼아야 한다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the two different types of chairs on trapezius muscle activation during dictation tasks. Seventeen university students, each of whom were within ${\pm}1$ standard deviation of the mean Korean standard body size, voluntarily participated in this study. Surface electromyography was used to collect electrical signals from both the upper and lower trapezius muscles. Amplitude Probability Distribution Function (APDF) was performed to analyze the muscle activity. The findings of this study were 1) The backrest-point height of the auditorium chair and the height, length and width of the connected desk were shorter than what was suggested by the KS. Another difference was that the auditorium chair had a bigger angle of the backrest compared to the classroom chair. 2) Regarding within-subject effect the sole statistically significant difference was found between activation of the upper trapezius muscle. The upper trapezius muscle's %RVC in the APDF 10th-50th-90th percentile was statistically higher for participants sitting in the auditorium chair than for participants sitting in the classroom chair (p<.05). 3) There was an interaction effect between the 'two chair-types' and the 'two muscle-sides' in the APDF 10th-50th percentile (p<.05). 4) There was an interaction effect between the 'two chair-types' and the 'three gaze-direction' in the APDF 90th percentile (p<.05). The findings of this study indicated that maintaining a writing posture for a prolonged period of time in an auditorium chair significantly increased the left upper trapezius muscle activation compared to a classroom chair.

• 교육심리연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.215-234
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• 2008

이 연구는 학습자의 받아쓰기 성취도와 독해력을 향상시키고 흥미를 유발하는 교수 학습 방법으로서 만화와 문자 빈칸 메우기 전략의 효과를 살펴보고자 실시되었다. 초등학교 1학년 학급 중 교과 흥미 사전검사와 국어과 읽기 학업성취 사전평가에서 동질성을 확보한 3개 학급을 선정하여, 실험집단 1은 만화 텍스트 빈칸 메우기 전략, 실험집단 2는 문자 텍스트 빈칸 메우기 전략을 활용하여 읽기 학습을 실시하였으며, 통제집단은 기존의 교과서 위주의 읽기 학습을 실시하도록 하여 총 15차시에 걸쳐 수업을 진행하였다. 실험 결과 첫째, 만화 텍스트 빈칸 메우기 전략의 활용은 교과흥미에 긍정적인 효과를 미쳤으며, 특히 하위 성취도 집단에서 더 큰 효과를 보였다. 둘째, 빈칸 메우기 전략의 활용은 사후 받아쓰기 성취도 및 지연된 받아쓰기 성취도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 특히 하위 성취도 집단에서는 만화 텍스트의 활용이 더 효과적이었다. 셋째 직후 독해력 검사에서는 텍스트 유형에 상관없이 빈칸 메우기 전략을 활용한 읽기 학습이 독해력에 긍정적인 효과를 보였으며, 독해력 하위 요소 중 사실적 이해를 묻는 문항보다 추론적 이해를 묻는 문항에서 더욱 긍정적인 효과를 나타냈다. 이러한 연구결과를 통해 국어 읽기 학습에서 흥미 유발 및 학업성취도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 텍스트의 유형과 학습 전략에 대한 시사점도 논의하였다.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제6호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2000

Listening comprehension is an integrative and creative process of interaction through which listeners receive speakers' production of linguistic or non-linguistic knowledge. Compared with reading comprehension, it may arouse difficulties and thus impose more burdens on foreign learners. The Audio-Lingual Method focused primarily on speaking. Mimicry, repetition, rote memory, and transformation drills actually interfered with listening comprehension. So learners lost interest and were not highly motivated. Improving listening comprehension requires continual attentiveness and interest. Listening skill can be extended systematically only when students are frequently exposed to a wide range of listening materials with an affective, cultural, social, and psycholinguistic approach. Therefore, teachers should help students learn how to comprehend intactly the overall meaning of intended messages. The literature on teaching listening skill suggests various useful activities: TPR, dictation, role playing, singing, picture recognition, completion, prediction, seeking specific information, summarizing, labeling, humor, jokes, cartoons, media, and so on. Practical classroom teaching necessitates a systematic procedure in which students should take part in meaningful tasks/activities. In addition to this, learners must practice listening comprehension trough a self-study process.