• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.352-359
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• 2009

Panax ginseng roots produce triterpene saponins called ginsenosides, which are high value secondary metabolites and has been used as drugs, detergents, sweeteners, and cosmetics. In the recent years plant cell, tissue and organ cultures have developed as important alternative sources for the saponin production in Panax ginseng. Adventitious roots and hairy roots have been successfully induced and cultured for the improvement of saponin contents. Genetic and metabolic engineering to regulate saponin biosynthesis in P. ginseng might be important way to improve the medicinal values of P. ginseng. Here we introduced the protocol of genetic transformation and recent progress of functional characterization of genes involved in saponin biosynthesis in P. ginseng.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.177-211
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• 1998

This paper presents the development of standardized modules and an integrated program which will be used for social environmental education. The study objectives are to develop modules which are based on various environmental topics, to relate the regional environmental topics to the educational modules and program, and to include the demand of students in the modules and program. Literature and questionary surveys, as well as, module development method were utilized as research tools. The titles of developed modules are “The Green Planet Earth, “Unexpected Resources: Save Resources and Recycle”, “Water as the Mother of All Lives”, “The Blue Sky with Clean Air”, and “Soil as the Home of All Living and Non-living Things”. It is hoped that the developed modules and program are utilized as course materials and curriculum for social environmental education in various educational institutes. The study results will be materialized as multimedia in near future.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.397-409
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• 2011

This study was carried out for improving the effectiveness of water resources development project through local resident opinions in the environmental impact assessment(EIA). The EIA reports of seven dams were examined. Four dams -Youngju Dam, Seongduck Dam, Buhang Dam and Hantangang Dam- which included many local opinions including 470 opinions of 341 local residents were selected to be analyzed. Local residents submitted their opinions in the six fields which are meteorological phenomena, water quality, land use, fauna and flora, noise and vibration, and residence, and the major opinions of those opinions came from the atmosphere environment field which is 32% of total opinions and social and economic field which is 38% of total opinions, respectively. In submerged area, opinions of the measure for migration and compensation were 91% and in non-submerged area, opinions of the measure for meteorological phenomena was 86%. Those percentages were maximum in each area. Opinions concerned meteorological phenomena were 86% and 53% in Youngju Dam and Seongduck Dam where area is surrounded by existing dam, but there was only 9% and 0% of opinions in Buhang Dam and Hantangang Dam where area is without existing dam nearby. The reformation methods which reflected the resident's opinions were suggested on EIA in dam development projects. First of all, reliability and objectivity of the field of meteorological phenoma should be enhanced by scientific prediction of the phenomenon days. Secondly, techniques reducing uncertainty of various water quality prediction models ought to be developed and effectiveness of the reduction strategies in environmental impact should be quantified. Finally, the draft of EIA report should involve the detailed plans of migration and compensation's procedures, criteria and measures to support.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제51권9호
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• pp.761-768
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• 2018

기후변화와 기후변화 외적인 요인으로 인해 지하수자원은 고갈되어가고 있다. 지하수자원의 효율적인 관리를 위해 유역 단위의 지하수자원 관리 취약시기 평가 방법을 개발하였다. 유역 단위의 취약시기 평가는 취약 지역 평가와 소유역에 대한 취약시기 평가를 독립적으로 진행하여 각각의 지수를 산정하였다. 취약 지역 평가 지수를 표준화하여 독립적으로 진행한 취약시기 평가 지수에 적용하여 유역 단위의 취약시기 평가 방법을 개발하였으며, 개발한 방법을 낙동강 상류 지역인 봉화군, 안동시, 예천군, 문경시, 상주시에 적용하였다. 그 결과 상주의 8월이 0.278로 가장 취약한 것으로 나타났으며, 안동시는 1년 중 8개월간 5개 지역 중 지하수자원 관리에 취약한 것으로 나타났다. 개발된 방법을 이용하여 지하수자원의 시공간을 고려한 효율적인 관리방안을 모색할 수 있을 것이다.

• 지질공학
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.443-450
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• 2004

이 연구는 제3기 퇴적암과 화산암이 분포하는 지역의 자연사면에서 발생하는 토석류 산사태를 예측하고자 로지스틱 회귀분석(logistic regression analysis)을 이용하여 예측모델을 개발한 것이다. 통계적 방법을 이용한 산사태 예측모델 개발을 위해 산사태 자료는 경북 포항지역에서 1998년 발생한 산사태를 대상으로 수집하였다. 로지스틱 회귀분석의 기본 특성을 고려하여 현장조사 및 실내토질시험은 산사태 발생지점 전체와 임의로 선택한 미발생 지점을 대상으로 실시하였다. 산사태 발생에 영향을 미치는 인자는 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하여 최종적으로 6개 영향인자를 선정하였다. 이들 6개 인자는 지형요소 2개와 지질요소 4개로 구성되어 있다. 개발된 모델은 신뢰성 검증을 수행한 결과 $90\%$ 이상의 예측률을 확보한 것으로 나타났다. 이 모델을 바탕으로 기존에 제시된 변성암 및 화강암 분포지에서의 산사태 예측모델과 함께 지질특성을 고려한 산사태 발생의 가능성을 확률적${\cdot}$정량적으로 예측할 수 있게 되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.515-522
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• 2010

The purpose of this research was to construct an efficient management system in developing and supplying a 'management standard diagnostic table' for the improvement of chestnut cultivation farmhouse. 'Chestnut management standard diagnostic table' were based from the actual condition of chestnut management in Chungcheongnam-do, selected 'appraisal factor item and by consulting 'agricultural plant standard diagnostic table' and various kinds of data which had already been developed. This research also consulted the classification systems and degree of importance. The developed 'Chestnut management diagnostic table' consisted of 3 first classified items, 19 second classified items and 2 product indicator items.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.367-371
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• 2005

Soil samples were collected from new-developed wetland soil ecosystem of Tamarix chinesis plantation in Chinese Yellow River Delta in different months of 2003. Soil characteristics, temporal change and spatial distribution of microbial community composition and their relationship with nitrogen turnover and circling were investigated in order to analyze and characterize the role of microbial diversity and functioning in the specific soil ecosystem. The result showed that the total population of microbial community in the studied soil was considerably low, compared with common natural ecosystem. The amount of microorganism followed as the order: bacteria> actinomycetes>fungi. Amount of actinomycetes were higher by far than that of fungi. Microbial population remarkably varied in different months. Microbial population of three species in top horizon was corrected to that in deep horizon. Obvious rhizosphere effect was observed and microbial population was significantly higher in rhizosphere than other soils due to vegetation growth, root exudation, and cumulative dead fine roots. Our results demonstrate that microbial diversity is low, while is dominated by specific community in the wetland ecosystem of Tamarix chinesi.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2019

A calculation model of reservoir pressure field distribution around multiple production wells in a heavy oil reservoir is established, which can overcome the unreasonable uniform-pressure value calculated by the traditional mathematical model in the multiwell mining areas. A calculating program is developed based on the deduced equations by using Visual Basic computer language. Based on the proposed mathematical model, the effects of drainage rate and formation permeability on the distribution of reservoir pressure are studied. Results show that the reservoir pressure drops most at the wellbore. The farther the distance away from the borehole, the sparser the isobaric lines distribute. Increasing drainage rate results in decreasing reservoir pressure and bottom-hole pressure, especially the latter. The permeability has a significant effect on bottom hole pressure. The study provides a reference basis for studying the dynamic pressure field distribution before thermal recovery technology in heavy oilfield and optimizing construction parameters.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.823-839
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• 2012

Environmental Specimen Banks (ESBs) are playing pivotal role in monitoring the effect of environmental pollution on the ecosystem based on the retrospective analysis of the representative samples collected regularly and stored in cryogenic condition. In Korea, National Environmental Specimen Bank (NESB) was established in 2009 and the standard operating procedures (SOPs) for sampling, and cryogenic milling and storage had been prepared during 2007-2010. Since then, the tentative SOPs for the seven kinds of specimens (shoots of Red Pine (Pinus densiflora) and Korean Pine (Pinus koraiensis), leaves of Mongolian Oak (Quercus mongolica) and Zelkova Tree (Zelkova serrata), eggs of Feral Pigeon (Columba livia var. domestica), muscles and organs of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio), and Freshwater Bivalve (Unio (Nodularia) douglasiae)) have been put to test in the field and laboratory as well against the practicality and feasibility. The SOPs were improved by reflecting the findings from the research and the following discussion regarding the selection of specimen (Feral Pigeon suffering from a control management), sample size (a problem of decreasing number of sampling trees related to increasing sampling time) and period (a problem related to a bud growth), and sampling methods etc.. In addition, barcoding system for the management of the specimen information, and monitoring system of the cryogenic storage to regulate the optimum temperature and the liquid nitrogen level were also developed for the efficient and effective control of the samples. Lastly, the safety guide and emergency protocol were augmented to guarantee a safe work environment with the cryogenic facility. These improvements of the SOPs are expected to contribute to more stable operation of the NESB.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.151-160
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• 2001

A two-dimensional flow model is newly developed. Two-dimensional shallow-water equations are discretized by the finite volume method. A nonorthogonal coordinate system is then employed. The developed model is applied to simulations of flows in a 180 degree curved bend flow. Numerical prediction are compared to available laboratory measurement. A good agreement is observed.