• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.369-372
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose a new method for power estimation in nodes of multi-level combinational circuits and describe its application to the extraction of common expressions for low power design. It is assumed that each node is implemented as a complex gate and the capacitance and the switching activity of the nodes are considered in the power estimation. Extracting common expressions which is accomplished mostly by the extraction of kernels, can be transformed to the problem of rectangle covering. We describe how the newly proposed estimation method can be applied to the rectangle covering problem and show the experimental results with comparisons to the results of SIS-1.2.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.3 s.50
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• pp.3-11
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• 2005

This study examines the visual effects of surface design utilized in commercial space. In particular, 1 focus on the following three categories: transparency and lighting, electronic surface and media screen, and ubiquitous environments and interface. Unlike the past era in which surface design in commercial space was viewed merely as a means of decoration, it has become more important in the contemporary era because diverse expression techniques in surface design enormously help architects and interior designers embody their own ideas more effectively Moreover, the diversity of surface design expands the concept of cultural space as it provides various graphic elements that reflect human desire for multicultures.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.3 s.56
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• pp.40-47
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• 2006

This study examined concepts and expressional relations with Rene Maggritte works that had influence upon design expressions of Shiro Kuramata who brought name of things to the extreme to give new values and functions at the end. Rene Maggritte who was a representative surrealism painter in Belgium had a lot of influence and inspiration on the art world including pop art and conceptual art in the middle of the 20th century and so many modern artists. Rene Maggritte unreasonably placed object of ordinary things that people could know to combine them and to make people's thought be free from ideas. Shiro Kuramata worked at wide areas including the space, lighting, furniture and products to be well known as a designer who could create concepts. Shiro Kuramata designed indoor space and furniture not by making forms but by being free from customary names and concepts of things to examine substance and to discover unlimited possibility and to create new visual functions. And, such a thing made people be free from names and concepts that they cognized for a long time, and it brought freedom to things. This study investigated correlations of work concepts and expressions of Rene Maggritte and Shiro Kuramata to bring new inspiration and expansion to people's thought methods and design methodology regarding concepts of things.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1134-1149
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• 2016

This study identified domestic and foreign golf clothing norms and extended recognition and attitude on golf clothing norms expressed in a golf wear style for golfer groups in their 20s-30s. Domestic golf clothing norms were derived from a theoretical research and case study; subsequently, golfers in their 20s-30s were classified into 4 groups. In-depth interviews were conducted using a serious leisure concept to analyze attitudes and stylistic expressions. Domestic golf clothing norms derived from stipulated and implicit norms varied as a type and situation of a golf course, gender of the golfer, and domestic golfers in their 20s-30s perceived such a point. For golfers in their 20s-30s, attitudes on golf clothing norms and their stylistic expressions showed differences according to gender and leisure type. As for gender characteristics, female golfers focused on 'look prettier' in stylistic expressions through experiences with a double-standard clothing norm; however, male golfers showed strict application and observance of a clothing norm in stylistic expressions compared to female golfers. However, male golfer groups in their 20s-30s as 'casual leisure participants' and those as 'serious leisure participants' showed differences becuase the former showed a tendency to observe clothing norms from other viewpoints and evaluations and the latter showed off their abilities and careers as a means of distinction. As for characteristic of stylistic expressions according to a leisure type, golfers in their 20s-30s showed distinction as serious leisure participants through forming new and independent clothing norms. Research findings are expected to provide an opportunity to reconsidering the influence of clothing norms in young people who have a strong tendency to express clothing style as a means to pursue individuality and taste.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1061-1063
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• 2009

The study notices the value of the expressions material and method in design education as the subject of for appreciation study. The objective of the present study is, it is as follows: to understand education system and social and cultural atmosphere, diverse elements including in the value of the expressions material and method; to get an overall perspective on various aspects of life; and to develop contents for appreciation study which points to help learners perceived values.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2002.05b
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• pp.72-73
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.144-145
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.88-89
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• 2003

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.328-343
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• 2003

Orthogonal pulse-shape modulation using Hermite pulses for ultra-wideband communications is reviewed. Closedform expressions of cross-correlations among Hermite pulses and their corresponding transmit and receive waveforms are provided. These show that the pulses lose orthogonality at the receiver in the presence of differentiating antennas. Using these expressions, an algebraic model is established based on the projections of distorted receive waveforms onto the orthonormal basis given by the set of normalized orthogonal Hermite pulses. Using this new matrix model, a number of pulse-shape modulation schemes are analyzed and a novel orthogonal design is proposed. In the proposed orthogonal design, transmit waveforms are constructed as combinations of elementary Hermites with weighting coefficients derived by employing the Gram-Schmidt (QR) factorization of the differentiating distortion model’s matrix. The design ensures orthogonality of the vectors at the output of the receiver bank of correlators, without requiring compensation for the distortion introduced by the antennas. In addition, a new set of elementary Hermite Pulses is proposed which further enhances the performance of the new design while enabling a simplified hardware implementation.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.435-453
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• 2016

The main purpose of this study is to perform optimum cost design of cut and cover RC shallow tunnels using Artificial bee colony and genetic algorithms. For this purpose, mathematical expressions of objective function, design variables and constraints for the design of cut and cover RC shallow tunnels were determined. By using these expressions, optimum cost design of the Trabzon Kalekapisi junction underpass tunnel was carried out by using the cited algorithms. The results obtained from the algorithms were compared with the results obtained from traditional design and remarkable saving from the cost of the tunnel was achieved.