• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.743-752
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• 2021

The three-dimensional distribution of the fault was evaluated using gravity field interpretation such as curvature analysis and Euler deconvolution in the Seoul-Gyeonggi region where the Chugaryeong fault zone was developed. In addition, earthquakes that occurred after 2000 and the location of faults were compared. In Bouguer anomaly of Chugaryeong faults, the Pocheon Fault is an approximately 100 km fault that is extended from the northern part of Gyeonggi Province to the west coast through the central part of Seoul. Considering the frequency of epicenters is high, there is a possibility of an active fault. The Wangsukcheon Fault is divided into the northeast and southwest parts of Seoul, but it shows that the fault is connected underground in the bouguer anomaly. The magnitude 3.0 earthquake that occurred in Siheung city in 2010 occurred in an anticipated fault (aF) that developed in the north-south direction. In the western region of the Dongducheon Fault (≒5,500 m), the density boundary of the rock mass is deeper than that in the eastern region (≒4,000 m), suggesting that the tectonic movements of the western and eastern regions of the Dongducheon Fault is different. The maximum depth of the fracture zone developed in the Dongducheon Fault is about 6,500 m, and it is the deepest in the research area. It is estimated that the fracture zone extends to a depth of about 6,000 m for the Pocheon Fault, about 5,000 m for the Wangsukcheon Fault, and about 6,000 m for the Gyeonggang Fault.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.91-102
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• 2014

The purpose of this research is to perform the consumer typological study of integrated emerging digital advertisement, where IT and advertisement industry were fused, and to propose the theoretical definition about consumer characteristic which is in need for collection of related market subdivision strategy in perspective of business marketing. For this, the Q methodology, the 'subjectivity' research of qualitative perspective, which discovers new theory by interpreting subjective system of thinking, preference, opinion, and recognition of inner side of respondents, was applied and analyzed. Compared to previous quantitative research that pursues hypothesis verification, this Q methodology is not dependent on operational definition proposed by researcher but pursues for analytic study completely reflecting objective testimony of respondents. For this reason, Q study analyzes in-depth the actual consumer type, which can be found at the initial market formation stage of new service, therefore this study is applicable for theorizing the consumer character as a mean of advanced research. This study extracted thirty 'IT integrated digital advertisement type (Q sample)' from thorough literature research and interviews, and eventually discovered a total four consumer types from analyzing each Q sorting research data of 40 respondents (P sample). Moreover, by interpreting subdivided intrinsic characteristic of each group, the four types were named as 'multi-channel digital advertisement pursuit type', 'emotional advertisement pursuit type', 'new media advertisement pursuit type', and Web 2.0 advertisement pursuit type'. The analysis result of this study is being expected for its value of usage as advanced research of academic and industrial research with the emerging digital advertisement industry as a subject, and as basic research in the field of R&D, Marketing program and the field of designing the advertisement creative strategy and related policy.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.423-446
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• 2023

Shield TBM tunnel linings are segmented into segments and rings. This study investigates the response characteristics of the stress and displacement of the segment lining under seismic waves through modeling that considers the interface behavior between segments by applying a shell interface element to the contact surface between segments and rings. And there is no management criteria for ovaling deformation of segment linings in Korea. So, this study the ovality criteria and meaning of segment lining. The results of study showed that the distribution patterns of stress and displacement under seismic waves were similar between continuous linings and segment linings. However, the maximum values of stress and displacement showed differences from segment linings. The stress distribution of the continuous lining modeled as a shell type has a stress distribution that has continuity in the 3D cylindrical shape, but the segment lining is concentrated outside the segment, and the largest stress occurs at the location where the contact surface between the segment and the ring is concentrated. This intermittent and localized stress distribution shows an increasing as the ovality of the lining increases at seismic waves. The ovality at which the increase in stress distribution begins to show irregularity and localization is about 150‰. Ovality of 150‰ is an unrealistic value that cannot represent actual lining deformation. Therefore, the ovality of the segment lining increase with depth, but it does not have a significant impact on the stability caused by seismic load.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.794-806
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• 2017

It is essential to protect the national space assets and space environment safely as a space development country from the continuously increasing space debris. And Active Debris Removal(ADR) is the most active way to solve this problem. In this paper, we studied the Artificial Neural Network(ANN) for a stable recognition model of vision-based space debris tracking system. We obtained the simulated image of the space environment by the KARICAT which is the ground-based space debris clearing satellite testbed developed by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute, and created the vector which encodes structure and color-based features of each object after image segmentation by depth discontinuity. The Feature Vector consists of 3D surface area, principle vector of point cloud, 2D shape and color information. We designed artificial neural network model based on the separated Feature Vector. In order to improve the performance of the artificial neural network, the model is divided according to the categories of the input feature vectors, and the ensemble technique is applied to each model. As a result, we confirmed the performance improvement of recognition model by ensemble technique.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.253-272
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• 2012

One of the fastest growing sectors in tourism industry is the use of applications from the MICE industry in various parts including business, politics, and cultural exchange due to globalization among the countries. The means-end chain theory suggests that convention participants perceive and judge convention destination as the means to achieving a desired end-state in a given destination selection situation. This study aims at establishing a convention destination's attributes, the benefits of consequences of using it, and the personal values it satisfies. A laddering interview was conducting in order to provide in-depth probing and to elicit responses from 96 visitors. This study presents the unique pyramid-structure of the means-end chain; a model linking perceived convention destination attributes to values. Understanding these concepts provides opportunities for convention destinations to target market segmentation and advertising based on the participants' desired end-states. In conclusion, the major correlations of attributions of the visitors, consequences, and the values are; informativeness(A), activity(A), tourist attraction(A) - sympathy(C), human relations(C) - self-development(V), and fellowship(V).

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the series of panoramic radiograph of implant patients using the system to measure peri-implant crestal bone loss according to the elapsed time from fixture installation time to more than three years. Methods: Choose 10 patients having 45 implant fixtures installed, which have series of panoramic radiograph in the period to be analyzed by the system. Then, calculated the crestal bone depth and statistics and selected the implant in concerned by clicking the implant of image shown on the monitor by the implemented pattern recognition system. Then, the system recognized the x, y coordination of the implant and peri-implant alveolar crest, and calculated the distance between the approximated line of implant fixture and alveolar crest. By applying pattern recognition to periodic panoramic radiographs, we attained the results and made a comparison with the results of preceded articles concerning peri-implant marginal bone loss. Analyzing peri-implant crestal bone loss in a regression analysis periodic filmed panoramic radiograph, logarithmic approximation had highest $R^2$ value, and the equation is as shown below. $y=0.245Logx{\pm}0.42$, $R^2=0.53$, unit: month (x), mm (y) Results: Panoramic radiograph is a more wide-scoped view compared with the periapical radiograph in the same resolution. Therefore, there was not enough information in the radiograph in local area. Anterior portion of many radiographs was out of the focal trough and blurred precluding the accurate recognition by the system, and many implants were overlapped with the adjacent structures, in which the alveolar crest was impossible to find. Conclusion: Considering the earlier objective and error, we expect better results from an analysis of periapical radiograph than panoramic radiograph. Implementing additional function, we expect high extensibility of pattern recognition system as a diagnostic tool to evaluate implant-bone integration, calculate length from fixture to inferior alveolar nerve, and from fixture to base of the maxillary sinus.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.747-761
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• 2008

In order to experiment the acoustic remote classification of seabed sediment, we achieved ground-truth data(i.e. video and grab samples, etc.) and developed post-processing for automatic classification procedure on the basis of 300 kHz MultiBeam Echo Sounder(MBES) backscattering data, which was acquired using KONGBERG Simrad EM3000 at Sock-Cho Port, East Sea of South Korea. Sonar signal and its classification performance were identified with geo-referenced video imagery with the aid of GIS (Geographic Information System). The depth range of research site was from 5 m to 22.7 m, and the backscattering amplitude showed from -36dB to -15dB. The mean grain sizes of sediment from equi-distanced sampling site(50 m interval) varied from 2.86$(\phi)$ to 0.88(\phi). To acquire the main feature for the seabed classification from backscattering amplitude of MBES, we evaluated the correlation factors between the backscattering amplitude and properties of sediment samples. The performance of seabed remote classification proposed was evaluated with comparing the correlation of human expert segmentation to automatic algorithm results. The cross-model perception error ratio on automatic classification algorithm shows 8.95% at rocky bottoms, and 2.06% at the area representing low mean grain size.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.11
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• pp.1115-1128
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the suspended solids and eutrophication processes relationships in Chungju lake using CE-QUAL-W2, two-dimensional (2D) longitudinal/vertical hydrodynamic and water quality model. For water quality modeling, the lake segmentation was configured as 7 branches system according to their shape and tributary distribution. The model was calibrated (2010) and validated (2008) using 2 years of field data of water temperature, suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and algae (Chl-a). The water temperature began to increase in depth from April and the stratification occurred at about 10 m early July heavy rain. The high SS concentration of the interflow density currents entering from the watershed was well simulated especially for July 2008 heavy rainfall event. The simulated concentration range of TN and TP was acceptable, but the errors might occur form the poor reflection for sedimentation velocity of nitrogen component and adsorption-sediment of phosphorus in model. The concentration of Chl-a was simulated well with the algal growth patterns in summer of 2010 and 2008, but the error of under estimation may come from the use of width-averaged velocity and concentration, not considering the actual to one side inclination by wind effect.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.235-243
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• 2021

River surveying is conducted to acquire basic geographic data for river master plans and various river maintenance, and it is also used to predict changes after river maintenance construction. ABL (Airborne Bathymetric LiDAR) system is a cutting-edge surveying technology that can simultaneously observe the water surface and river bed using a green laser, and has many advantages in river surveying. In order to use the ABL data for river surveying, it is prerequisite step to segment and extract the water surface and river bed points from the original point cloud data. In this study, point cloud segmentation was performed by applying the ground filtering technique, ATIN (Adaptive Triangular Irregular Network) to the ABL data and then, the water surface and riverbed point clouds were extracted sequentially. In the Gokgyocheon river area, Chungcheongnam-do, the experiment was conducted with the dataset obtained using the Leica Chiroptera 4X sensor. As a result of the study, the overall classification accuracy for the water surface and riverbed was 88.8%, and the Kappa coefficient was 0.825, confirming that the ABL data can be effectively used for river surveying.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-25
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• 2022

Today, most archives provide recording services through social media; however, their effectiveness is very low. This study aimed to analyze the causes of insufficient social media recording service, focusing on Gyeongnam Archives and Seoul Metropolitan Archives, which are permanent records management institutions and local government archives, and design ways to create synergy by mutual growth with classical recording service. Through literature research, the characteristics and mechanisms of each social medium were identified, and the institutions' current status of social media operations and internal documents were reviewed to analyze the common problems. An in-depth analysis was conducted by interviewing the person in charge of recording services at each institution. In addition, a plan that can be applied to archives was proposed by reviewing the cases of social media operations of domestic-related institutions and overseas archives. Based on this, a new recording service process was established, strategic operation plans for each social medium were proposed, and a plan to mutually grow with the existing recording service was designed.