• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.403-408
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• 2023

The widespread discussion of AI-generated content, fueled by the emergence of consumer applications like ChatGPT and Midjourney, has attracted significant attention. Among various AI applications, AI painting has gained popularity due to its mature technology, user-friendly nature, and excellent output quality, resulting in a rapid growth in user numbers. Midjourney and Stable Diffusion are two of the most widely used AI painting tools by users. In this study, the author adopts a perspective that represents the general public and utilizes case studies and comparative analysis to summarize the distinctive features and differences between Midjourney and Stable Diffusion in the context of AI character illustration. The aim is to provide informative material forthose interested in AI painting and lay a solid foundation for further in-depth research on AI-generated content. The research findings indicate that both software can generate excellent character images but with distinct features.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.39-56
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• 2014

Corrosion in RCC structures is one of the most important factors that affects the structure's durability and subsequently causes reduction of serviceability. The most severe cause of this corrosion is chloride attack. Hence, to prevent this to happen proper understanding of the chloride penetration into concrete structures is necessary. In this study, first the mechanism of this chloride attack is understood and various parameters affecting the process are identified. Then an FEM modelling is carried out for the chloride diffusion process. The effects of fly ash and slag on the diffusion coefficient and chloride penetration depth in various mixes of concretes are also analyzed through integrating Virtual RCPT Lab and FEM.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.133-142
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• 2012

Convection Current Circulation System(CCCS) in stratified reservoir controls development of anaerobic condition and algal bloom during summer. In order to increase the CCCS effectiveness, we analyze diverse design parameters to make optimize the flow pattern in reservoir. In this study, we interpret the internal flow with installation and operation condition of CCCS based on CFD in reservoir. Design variables of CCCS is reservoir depth, stratification strength, distance of between CCCS and so on. Since reservoir depth and stratification strength in variables is depending on natural phenomenon, we evaluated current circulation effect by distance of CCCS and proposed the optimal design condition using CFD simulation. Flow and diffusion changes in water body was assessed by temperature and dye test. Changes in water floor temperature at 40m intervals was slowly descending over 37 hours. Dye diffusion simulation at 60m intervals, the radius of the spread between two devices were overlapped after 12 hours.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.537-543
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• 2008

The sediment resuspension and diffusion model is an integral part of a sediment transport and morphologic change model. We examined a vertical one-dimensional sediment resuspension and diffusion model using field data collected at about 10-m depth off the Saemangeun $4^{th}$ dike. The field data include waves, currents and suspended sediment concentration near the bed for about a day in May, 2007. The suspended sediment concentration obtained from the 1D model overestimated the observation about two orders of magnitude with single grain size and multiple grain sizes. The incorporation of the bed armoring effect, which adjusts the amount of suspended sediment with the available bed sediment, improved the agreement between the model and observation within a factor of two.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.192-200
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• 2001

Hydride blisters were formed on the outer surface of Zr-2.5Nb pressure tube by a non- uniform steady thermal diffusion process. A thermal gradient was applied to the pressure tube with a heat bath kept at a temperature of 415$^{\circ}C$ and an aluminum cold finger cooled with flowing water of 15$^{\circ}C$. Optical microscopy and tree-dimensional laser profilometry were used to characterize the hydride blisters with different hydrogen concentrations and thermal diffusion time. Hydride blisters were expected to start at a hydrogen concentration of 30 - 70 ppm and a thermal diffusion time of 4 - 6$\times$10$^{5}$ sec. The hydride blister size increases with higher hydrogen concentrations and longer thermal diffusion time . Some of the samples revealed cracks on the hydride blisters. The ratio of hydride blister depth to height was estimated as approximately 8: 1.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.76-81
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• 2005

The effect of micro-pulse plasma nitriding temperature and time on the case thickness, hardness and nitride formation in the surface of Fe-12Cr-22Mn-X alloy with 3% Co and 1% Ti alloys elements investigated. External compound layer and internal diffusion layer was constituted in plasma nitride case of Fe-12Cr-22Mn-X alloys and formed nitride phase such as ${\gamma}'-Fe4N\;and\;{\varepsilon}-Fe2-3N$. Case depth increased with increasing the plasma nitriding temperature and time. Surface hardness of nitrided Fe-12Cr-22Mn-X alloys obtained the above value of Hv 1,600 and case depth obtained the above value of $45{\mu}m$ in Fe-12Cr-22Mn-3Co alloy and $60{\mu}m$ in Fe-12Cr-22Mn-1Ti alloy. Wear-resistance increased with increasing plasma nitriding time and showing the higher value in Fe-12Cr-22Mn-1Ti alloy than Fe-12Cr-22Mn-3Co alloy.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.29 no.spc1
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• pp.231-232
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• 1996

The local instabilities of accretion disks were extensively studied, with the considerations of radial advection, thermal diffusion and different disk geometry, dominated pressure and optical depth. Two inertial-acoustic modes in a geometrically thin, radiative cooling dominated disk depart from each other if very little advection is included. A geometrically slim, advection-dominated disk is found to be always stable if it is optically thin. However, if it is optically thick, the thermal diffusion has no effect on the stable viscous mode but has a significant contribution to enhance the thermal instability.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.989-995
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• 1991

By means of the secondary ion mass spectrometer, the tracer diffusion of oxygen in rutile single crystal was measured as function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure. The tracer diffusivity was determined from the depth profile of 18O. The Po2 dependence of D suggests that the dominant defects in TiO2-y are oxygen vacancies (V{{{{ { ‥} atop { o} }}) and interstitial titanium ions (Ti{{{{ {‥‥} atop {i} }}). The doubly ionized oxygen vacancies are prominent at low temperature and Po2. However, the tetravalent interstitial titanium ions predominate at teperature above 120$0^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.473-480
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• 2012

A two-dimensional depth-integrated hydrodynamic and a depth-averaged passive scalar transport models were developed by using a Compact Finite Volume Method (CFVM) which can assure a higher order accuracy. A typical wave current interaction experimental data set was compared with the computed results by the proposed CFVM model, and resonable agreements were observed from the comparisons. One and two dimensional scalar advection tests were conducted, and very close agreements were observed with very little numerical diffusion. Finally, a turbulent mixing simulation was done in an open channel flow, and a reasonable similarity with LES data was observed.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.100.1-100.1
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• 2010

고효율 실리콘 양자점 태양전지를 제작하기 위해 Si과 C target을 co-sputtering 방식으로 제조한 SiC matrix를 열처리하여 박막 내에 Si nanocrystal들을 생성하였다. Si nanocrystal의 특성은 다양한 요인에 영향을 받는 데 barrier 물질인 SiC matrix가 가장 큰 영향을 준다. SiC는 900도 이상에서 열처리하는 동안 Si과 C과 SiC으로 재배열 혹은 재결합하는 데 이 때 가장 작은 carbon이 빠르게 diffusion하는 현상에 의해 Si nanocrystal의 성장과 특성에 영향을 주게 된다. 이 현상을 연구하기 위해 stoichiometric SiC/Si-rich SiC/stoichiometric SiC의 3층 구조로 시료를 제작하여 이를 SIMS의 depth profiling을 통하여 열처리 전보다 열처리 후에 Si-rich SiC layer내에 carbon이 약 2~3%정도 증가한 것으로 carbon이 diffusion된 것을 확인하였다. 이 시료를 UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy, Raman, GIXRD 등의 다양한 측정을 통하여 carbon diffusion에 의한 Si nanocrystal의 특성변화를 연구하였다.