• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.105-126
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• 2001

The objective of research is to find out exogenous variables that influence the usage and performance EDI in the Korea firms. Specifically the goals of this research are; (1) to examine relationships between exogenous variables, such as management, technology, inter-firm relationship characteristics, and EDI performance, and (2) to measure EDI volume, EDI diversity, EDI depth among Korea firms. The questionnaire consists of two versions; One for the EDI system managers and the other for the EDI users. The analysis of this study is designed as cross level to examine the causal relationship among variables in different analysis level. The reliability and validity of data was tested by explanatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlation analysis. Also, the structural equation model(SEM) analysis was performed to test the usefulness of the model. The analysis results revealed that education level, IS growth, trust, support, power are major influential variables on the usage level and performance of EDI. Especially, persuasive power turned out to be more important than coercive power, and technical financial support from organizations was also found to be a significant variables.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.2033-2044
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• 2018

This study presents states-of-the art overview of the system level electrostatic discharge (ESD) analysis and testing. After brief description of ESD compliance standards and ESD coupling mechanisms, the study provides an in-depth review and comparison of the various techniques for the system level ESD coupling analysis using time and frequency domain techniques, full wave electromagnetic modeling and hybrid modeling. The methods used for improving system level ESD testing using troubleshooting and determining the root causes of soft failures, the optimization of ESD testing and the countermeasures to mitigate ESD problems are also discussed.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.268-274
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• 1990

관개수(灌漑水)의 제한적 공급이 수도(水滔)의 생육(生育) 및 수량(收量)에 미치는 영향을 연구하기 위하여, 관수(灌水)의 공급상태를 담수(湛水)상태(2cm담수), 토양표면으로부터 지하수위 깊이 -17cm, -37cm, -57cm, -77cm, -97cm, -120cm, -145cm로 조절되는 포트에 삼남(三南)벼와 추청(秋晴)벼를 재배하였다. 1. 삼남(三南)벼와 추청(秋晴)벼 모두 담수(湛水)상태에서 재배된 것이 생육 및 수량이 가장 좋았다. 관수의 공급(供給)이 적어질수록 수도(水滔)의 생육 및 수량(收量)이 직선적으로 낮아졌다. 2. 삼남(三南)벼는 추청(秋晴)벼보다 내한성(耐旱性)이 더 강한 것으로 나타났다. 삼남(三南)벼는 지하수위 70cm 이상에서, 추청(秋晴)벼는 50cm 이상에서 수량(收量)에 미치는 생리적 장해(障害)가 심하게 나타나는 것으로 보였다. 3. 담수상태(湛水狀態)의 수도재배(水滔栽培)에서 출수(出穗)가 가장 빨랐고, 관수(灌水)의 공급량이 적어질수록 직선적으로 출수(出穗)시기가 늦어졌다. 삼남(三南)벼는 추청(秋晴)벼보다 평균 10일 정도 출수(出穗)가 빨랐다.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.569-584
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 고등학생들이 특수 상대론에 대한 이해 수준을 심층면담을 통해 알아보는 것이다. 심층 면담 대상은 8명으로 특수 상대론 기초개념 성취도 체크리스트와 광속불변의 법칙, 상대성의 원리, 동시성의 상대성, 차고 역설, 로켓 역설 등 6가지 상황 단계로 구성하여 심층 면담을 실시하고 분석하였다. 학생들은 특수 상대론과 관련된 단순한 현상의 기억, 개념의 암기 수준에서는 비교적 높은 성취도를 보였으나, 특수 상대론을 설명하는 본질적 원리 이해 수준에서는 낮은 성취를 나타냈다. 심층 면담에서 일부 학생들은 사건의 순서를 관찰자의 직관에 의존하였고, 좌표계를 수학적인 관점에서만 이해하고 실제 상황에서 판단하는 데에는 어려움을 나타냈다. 그리고 관성좌표계를 이해하지 못한 학생들은 상대론적 역설을 자신의 직관으로 설명하였고 학습자 혼돈이 발생하였다. 마지막으로 고등학생들이 형식적 조작기에 속하는 연령이지만 개인적 차이에 의해 시공간의 현상을 이차원 평면에 그리는 활동을 어려워하는 학생들도 있었다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.345-356
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• 2001

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of guided tissue regeneration(GTR) using resorbable polylactic/polyglycolic copolymer(PLA/PGA) membrane in mandibular class II furcation involvement and to compare it to the clinical efficacy of only flap operation. Both procedures were conducted in 5 patients with class II furcation involvements. After 6 months of follow up, the probing pocket depth, clincial attachment level, bone probing depth, and radiographic changes were compared, and the following results were obtained: 1. GTR using PLA/PGA demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in probing pocket depth and bone probing depth, and the control group demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in bone probing depth. 2. The comparison between the experimental and control group failed to demonstrate statistically significant difference in clinical improvement, but more reduction in probing pocket depth and bone probing depth were observed in the experimental group. The probing pocket depth and the bone probing depth were $2.2{\pm}1.6mm$ and $2.4{\pm}1.1mm$ respectively in the control group, while they were $2.4{\pm}1.3mm$ and $3.0{\pm}1.2mm$ respectively in the experimental group. 3. Radiographic change was not detectable for the both groups during the 6 months of follow up. 4. Sites with deeper probing pocket depth at baseline examination showed greater amount of clinical improvement in both groups. Other clinical factors didn't have any significant effect on the treatment results. It is concluded that though there are some limitations, PLA/PGA membrane is effective for the treatment of mandibular class II furcation involvement.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2008년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1131-1134
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• 2008

In this invited paper, numerical reconstruction and pattern recognition using integral imaging are overviewed. The computational integral imaging method reconstructs three-dimensional information at arbitrary depth-levels. Photon-counting nonlinear matched filtering combined with the computational reconstruction provides promising results for the application of low-light level recognition.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2002

In this paper we analyze the behavior of linear multiple attractor cellular automata having two-predecessors.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.235-253
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• 2018

지하관거 균열로 인한 지하수의 흐름은 주변 지반의 토사유실을 야기하여 관거 인접 지반에서의 공동발생, 나아가 지반함몰(싱크홀) 원인이 된다. 본 연구는 관거의 균열을 모사하는 모형시험을 통해 비점착성 지반에 위치한 지중 비압력 관거의 균열로부터 비롯되는 지반함몰 메커니즘과 이로 인한 파괴모드를 조사하였다. 토사유실 및 함몰 영향인자로서 균열크기, 관거유속, 지하수위, 토피고 그리고 지반구성재료 등을 채택하여 이들 인자들이 함몰거동에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 각 인자들에 따른 지반파괴의 형상(파괴모드)과 지반유실량을 분석한 결과, 토피고와 지하수위가 일치하는 경우 최종파괴모드는 침식각이 불연속적으로 변화하는 'Y'형으로 관찰되며, 지하수위가 더 높게 위치하는 경우 침식각이 일정한 파괴면 형상인 'V'형으로 나타난다. 토피고가 증가하는 경우의 파괴형상에서 토피고 영향에 무관한 길이와 토피고에 따라 점진적으로 증가하는 폭을 갖는 수직함몰구간이 형성되는 결과를 얻었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.315-315
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• 2017

In Japan, more than 80 % of soybean growing area is converted fields and excess water is one of the major problems in soybean production. For example, recent study (Yoshifuji et al., 2016) suggested that in the fields of shallow groundwater level (GWL) (< 1m depth), rising GWL even in a short period (e.g. 1 day) causes inhibition of soybean growth. Thus it becomes more and more important to predict GWL and soil moisture in detail. In addition to conventional surface drainage and underdrain, FOEAS (Farm Oriented Enhancing Aquatic System), which is expected to control GWL in fields adequately, has been developed recently. In this study we attempted to predict GWL and soil moisture condition at the converted field with FOEAS in Biwa lake reclamation area, Shiga prefecture, near the center of the main island of Japan. Two dimensional HYDRUS model (Simuinek et al., 1999) based on common Richards' equation, was used for the calculation of soil water movement. The calculation domain was considered to be 10 and 5 meter in horizontal and vertical direction, respectively, with two layers, i.e. 20cm-thick of plowed layer and underlying subsoil layer. The center of main underdrain (10 cm in diameter) was assumed to be 5 meter from the both ends of the domain and 10-60cm depth from the surface in accordance with the field experiment. The hydraulic parameters of the soil was estimated with the digital soil map in "Soil information web viewer" and Agricultural soil-profile physical properties database, Japan (SolphyJ) (Kato and Nishimura, 2016). Hourly rainfall depth and daily potential evapo-transpiration rate data were given as the upper boundary condition (B.C.). For the bottom B.C., constant upward flux, which meant the inflow flux to the field from outside, was given. Seepage face condition was employed for the surrounding of the underdrain. Initial condition was employed as GWL=60cm. Then we compared the simulated and observed results of volumetric water content at depth of 15cm and GWL. While the model described the variation of GWL well, it tended to overestimate the soil moisture through the growing period. Judging from the field condition, and observed data of soil moisture and GWL, consideration of soil structure (e.g. cracks and clods) in determination of soil hydraulic parameters at the plowed layer may improve the simulation results of soil moisture.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2009

Extracellular matrix(ECM) is known to function as a reservoir of endogenous growth factors, can be an effective delivery system of growth factor that easily lost bioactivity in solution. Fibrillar collagens like type I collagen, are the major constituent of the ECM and structural protein of bone. Also, it can be a scaffold for osteoblast migration. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of absorbable Atelo-collagen Sponge($Teruplug^{(R)}$) insertion in tooth extraction sites on periodontal healing of the mandibular second molar after the extraction of the impacted third molar. The study population comprised 31 cases who had been scheduled for surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. All patients were in good general health and were not using any medication that would influence wound healing after surgery. In 15 cases control group, none was inserted into the tooth extraction site. In 16 cases experimental groups, $Teruplug^{(R)}$ was inserted into the tooth extraction site. We evaluated tooth mobility, pocket depth, gingival margin level preoperatively and 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 3 months postoperatively. The change was compared with two groups using Mann-Whitney test. The results were as follows. 1. There was no significant change of tooth mobility on both groups. 2. There was tendency of decreasing of previous pocket depth causing tooth extraction on both groups. 3. On gingival margin level, there was various change according to initial swelling and loss of attachment on both groups. 4. There was tendency of decreasing of gingival margin level on both groups because of removal of inflammation and decreasing of previous pocket depth. 5. There was large change of pocket depth on buccal middle, distal, lingual distal area because of tooth extraction and bone reduction. Compared with the control group and experimental group, we observed significant difference during some periods. The results of this study suggest that absorbable atelo-collagen sponge($Teruplug^{(R)}$) is relatively favorable bone void filler with prevention of tissue collapse, food packing and enhance periodontal healing.