• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.461-468
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• 2022

Objectives: To investigate the effect of several elder-friendly foods on oral health and suggest guidelines for proper food intake. Methods: Six elderly-friendly foods (liquid type) and two control groups (mineral water and mixed coffee) were selected for this study. The pH of the food was measured using a calibrated pH meter, and the titratable acidity was determined using 1 M NaOH until 7.0 (TA 7.0). The screening method suggested by the International Organization for Standards was performed using an undersaturated hydroxyapatite solution to determine the difference between the initial and final pH of the screening solution (△pH). In addition, the sugar content was measured and expressed as Brix (%). Results: All the elder-friendly foods tested in this study showed a neutral pH (6.68-7.35), similar to mineral water (pH 7.84). The range of TA 7.0 values was 0.00-0.54 ㎖. The changes in pH determined using the screening solution confirmed that the largest change in pH was found in Careon (△pH 1.14±0.02), which has no erosive potential. Nevertheless, all elder-friendly foods had higher sugar content than the negative control group. Conclusions: Low tooth erosive potential was found in elder-friendly foods, but these foods showed high sugar content.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2018

치아 마모로 인해 치아 경조직은 없어지게 된다. 이것은 여러 가지 변수가 작용하는 과정이다. 오랜 시간 동안 치아 마모는 일상적인 임상 영역에서는 별다른 과심을 받지 못하였지만 최근 들어 관심이 점점 더 커지고 있다. 인간의 평균 수명이 계속 늘어가면서 치아의 중요도가 더 증가하기도 하였고 구강 위생이 보편화되고 치과 치료가 발전하면서 치아가 더욱 오랜 동안 구강 내에서 유지되고 있기 때문에 치아 마모가 더 많은 관심을 불러 일으키고 있는 것이다. 치아 마모는 자연적으로 한방향성을 가지고 있기 때문에 이를 통해 개개인의 연령 감정을 하는데 자주 이용되었다. 당연하게도 치아 마모를 이용한 연령감정은 상대적으로 넓은 범주에서 이루어지고 그 정확성도 의심받고 있다. 고대에서 중세시대까지 치아 마모는 아주 심하게 있어왔다. 그래서 치아 마모는 매우 많은 지역에서 연구되어 왔다. 하지만 아직 이런 개개의 연구들이 통합적인 의미 도출로 이어지지는 못하고 있다. 따라서 지금까지의 연구들을 토대로 통합적인 치아 마모의 이해를 위한 세부적인 연구와 접근이 필요한 시점이다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.70-76
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• 2011

Bone remodeling is a dynamic process involving a constant balance between osteoclast-induced bone resorption and osteoblast-induced bone formation. Osteoclasts play a crucial homeostatic role in skeletal modeling and remodeling, and destroy bone in many pathological conditions. Previously, we reported that the hexane soluble fraction of Ficus carica inhibited osteoclast differentiation. Poly unsaturated fatty acids, such as ethyl docosahexaenoate (E-DHA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid (EDA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), were identified from the hexane soluble fraction of Ficus carica. Among them, E-DHA most potently inhibited osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells. E-DHA reduced the activities of JNK and NF-$\kappa}B$. E-DHA suppressed the expression of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1). Interestingly, DHA increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase and expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) more than E-DHA in MC3T3-E1 cells, suggesting that DHA may induce osteoblast differentiation. The data suggests that a combination of E-DHA and DHA has potential use in the treatment of diseases involving abnormal bone lysis, such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal bone erosion.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 시판되고 있는 청포도 주스와 석류 주스의 노출 시간에 따른 치아 표면 변화에 대한 위험성을 융복합적으로 확인하고자 한다. 발치된 건전 치아를 사용하였으며, 접촉시간에 따른 구분으로 총 8그룹으로 대조군과 10 ml의 시판되는 청포도 주스와 석류 주스를 1, 3, 5, 15, 30, 60, 120분 적용한 실험군 7그룹으로 나누었다. 실험 주스의 pH가 측정되었고 표면의 변화와 미세 형태는 주사전자현미경(Scanning Electron Microscope:SEM)을 통하여 확인하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 청포도 주스는 3.9±0.02, 석류 주스는 3.5±0.01로 제조사가 명시한 주스의 pH 범위보다 청포도 주스는 약간 높았지만 석류 주스는 낮았다. SEM을 통한 결과에서도 대조군과 비교하여 치아 표면의 손상이 생겼다. 접촉 시간이 증가될수록 표면의 손상은 증가되었다. 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 음용 횟수나 구강 내 저류 시간을 줄이고, 치과 임상에서 치아 침식증 환자에게 질환의 진행을 낮출 수 있는 과일 주스에 대한 정확한 정보를 제공해야 할 것이다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of salad dressings on the flowable composite resin surface and the erosion-inhibitory effect of calcium. Methods: The experiment included six groups: oriental dressing, balsamic dressing, lemon-garlic dressing, lemon-garlic dressing supplemented with 3% calcium, mineral water as a negative control group, and orange juice as a positive control group. pH and titratable acidity were measured. The prepared specimens were immersed in the experimental solutions for 1, 3, 5, 15, and 30 minutes. The surface microhardness was measured using the Vickers hardness number before and after the treatment, and the surface of the specimens was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: The pH values of the experimental groups in increasing order were as follows: lemon-garlic dressing (2.49±0.03), balsamic dressing (3.12±0.06), lemon-garlic dressing +3% calcium (3.27±0.09), oriental dressing (3.75±0.03), orange juice (3.82±0.02), and mineral water (7.32±0.16). The largest surface hardness reduction value was shown in lemon-garlic dressing (-9.61±1.16), followed by balsamic dressing (-9.17±1.63), oriental dressing (-8.62±1.09), orange juice (-8.19±1.36), lemon-garlic dressing +3% calcium (-6.76±1.23), and mineral water (-1.63±2.47). According to the SEM findings, the experimental and positive control groups showed rough surfaces and micropores, whereas the negative control group showed a smooth surface. Moreover, the lemon-garlic dressing with +3% calcium showed fewer micropores and a smoother surface than the lemon-garlic dressing. Conclusion: The intake of salad dressings at a low pH could weaken the surface microhardness of the flowable composite resin. However, adding calcium to these salad dressings can reduce the risk of microhardness reduction on the flowable composite resin surface.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.20-29
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• 2022

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of liquefied digestive medicines on the composite resin surface. Methods: Three types of liquefied digestive medicines (Gashwalmyeongsu, Wicheongsu, and Saengrokcheon) were selected as experimental groups, Samdasoo and Chamisul as negative controls, and Trevi as positive controls were selected to measure pH and titratable acidity. The samples filled with resin at acrylic were made total 300, 50 per group. To evaluate the erosion risk of the composite resin, the specimens were immersed in a liquefied medicine for 1, 3, 5, 15, and 30 minutes, and then the surface microhardness was measured using the Vickers Hardness Number, and the surface change was observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: The average pH of the three liquefied medicine was 3.75±0.30, the Saengrokcheon was the lowest at 3.45±0.01, and the Trevi was 4.66 and Samdasoo and Chamisul were 7.40 and 8.58, respectively. The amount of NaOH reaching pH 5.5 and 7.0 was the lowest in the order of Trevi, Gashwalmyeongsu, Wicheongsu, and Saengrokcheon. The largest surface hardness reduction value was shown in Gashwalmyeongsu (-11.85±3.73), followed by Saengrokcheon (-9.79±3.11) and Wicheongsu (-8.28±2.83), and Samdasoo (-0.84±1.56) and Chamisul (-6.24±0.42) had relatively low surface hardness reduction values. However, Trevi (-16.67±5.41), a positive control group containing carbonic acid, showed a higher decrease in surface hardness than the experimental group. As a result of observation with SEM, experimental group and positive control group, showed rough surfaces and irregular cracks, and negative control groups showed smooth patterns similar to before immersion. Conclusion: The liquefied digestive medicine with low pH could weaken the composite resin surface, and the carbonic acid component could more effect on the physical properties of the composite resin than pH.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2014

PURPOSE. This study was aimed to evaluate effect of the desensitizing pretreatments on the micro-tensile bond strengths (${\mu}TBS$) to eroded dentin and sound dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty-two extracted molars were prepared to form a flat dentin surface, and then they were divided into two groups. Group I was stored in distilled water while group II was subjected to a pH cycling. Each group was then subdivided into three subgroups according to desensitizing pretreatment used: a) pretreatment with desensitizer (Gluma); b) pretreatment with $CO_2$ Laser (Ultra Dream Pluse); c) without any pretreatment. All prepared surfaces were bonded with Single Bond 2 and built up with resin composite (Filtek Z250). The micro-tensile bond test was performed. Fracture modes were evaluated by stereomicroscopy. Pretreated surfaces and bonded interfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data obtained was analyzed by two-way ANOVA (${\alpha}$=0.05). RESULTS. For both sound and eroded dentin, samples treated with desensitizer showed the greatest ${\mu}TBS$, followed by samples without any treatment. And samples treated with $CO_2$ laser showed the lowest ${\mu}TBS$. SEM study indicated that teeth with eroded dentin appeared prone to debonding, as demonstrated by existence of large gaps between adhesive layers and dentin. CONCLUSION. Pretreatment with Gluma increased the ${\mu}TBS$ of Single Bond 2 for eroded and sound teeth. $CO_2$ laser irradiation weakened bond performance for sound teeth but had no effect on eroded teeth.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.246-254
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• 2016

Objectives: The aim of this investigation was to give insights into the impact of carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks on the likely capacity of enamel surface dissolution and the influence of human saliva exposure as a biological protective factor. Materials and Methods: The pH, titratable acidity (TA) to pH 7.0, and buffer capacity (${\beta}$) of common beverages ingested by patients under physical activity were analyzed. Then, we randomly distributed 50 specimens of human enamel into 5 groups. Processed and natural coconut water served as controls for testing three carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks. In all specimens, we measured surface microhardness (Knoop hardness numbers) and enamel loss (profilometry, ${\mu}m$) for baseline and after simulated intake cycling exposure model. We also prepared areas of specimens to be exposed to human saliva overnight prior to the simulated intake cycling exposure. The cycles were performed by alternated immersions in beverages and artificial saliva. ANOVA two-way and Tukey HDS tests were used. Results: The range of pH, TA, and ${\beta}$ were 2.85 - 4.81, 8.33 - 46.66 mM/L and 3.48 - $10.25mM/L{\times}pH$, respectively. The highest capacity of enamel surface dissolution was found for commercially available sports drinks for all variables. Single time human saliva exposure failed to significantly promote protective effect for the acidic attack of beverages. Conclusions: In this study, carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks usually consumed during endurance training may have a greater capacity of dissolution of enamel surface depending on their physicochemical proprieties associated with pH and titratable acidity.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2010

The most common local cause of active gingival bleeding is the vessel engorgement and erosion by severe inflammation. Abnormal gingival bleeding is also associated with the systemic disturbances. Hemorrhagic disorders in which abnormal gingival bleeding is encountered include the following: vascular abnormalities (vitamin C deficiency or allergy), platelet disorders, hypoprothrombinemia (vitamin K deficiency resulting from liver disease), and other coagulation defects (hemophilia, leukemia). There are many conventional methods for gingival bleeding control, such as, direct pressure, electrocoagulation, direct suture, drainage, application of hemostatic agents and crushing and packing. If the active continuous gingival bleeding is not stopped in spite of the application of all conventional bleeding control methods, the life of patient is threatened owing to upper airway obstruction, syncope, vomiting and hypovolemic shock. Therefore, the rapid and correct hemostatic method is very important in the emergency dental care. This is a case report of active gingival bleeding care via dental crown removal and emergency primary endodontic drainage as a last method in liver cirrhosis patient with advanced periodontitis.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.2523-2529
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• 2009

본 연구는 시판중인 어린이 음료가 치아 표면의 탈회에 미치는 영향에 대해 평가하고자 하였다. 치아우식이 없는 건전한 표면의 우치로 만든 시편 15개를 4개의 실험군(n=12)과 대조군(n=3)으로 각각 나누었다. 모든 샘플은 각 각의 음료에 담근 후 48시간 동안 $37^{\circ}C$의 배양기에서 처리 한 후 표면의 변화를 관찰하였다. 음료처리 후 법랑질 표면의 탈회로 인해 표면미세경도 값은 감소하였고, DIGNOdent 값은 증가하였다. 이러한 현상은 특히 탄산음료에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 한편, 음료 처리 후 주사전자현미경 상의 법랑질 표면은 어린이음료에서 가장 많은 탈회 현상이 관찰되었다