• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.114-128
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• 2005

Fuzzy information representation of multi-source spatial data is applied to landslide hazard mapping. Information representation based on frequency ratio and non-parametric density estimation is used to construct fuzzy membership functions. Of particular interest is the representation of continuous data for preventing loss of information. The non-parametric density estimation method applied here is a Parzen window estimation that can directly use continuous data without any categorization procedure. The effect of the new continuous data representation method on the final integrated result is evaluated by a validation procedure. To illustrate the proposed scheme, a case study from Jangheung, Korea for landslide hazard mapping is presented. Analysis of the results indicates that the proposed methodology considerably improves prediction capabilities, as compared with the case in traditional continuous data representation.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.623-632
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• 2014

We shall consider the estimation for the parameter and the right tail probability in a general exponential distribution. We also shall consider the estimation of the reliability P(X < Y ) and the skewness trends of the density function of the ratio X=(X+Y) for two independent general exponential variables each having different shape parameters and known scale parameter. We then shall consider the estimation of the failure rate average and the hazard function for a general exponential variable having the density function with the unknown shape and known scale parameters, and for a bivariate density induced by the general exponential density.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.6009-6027
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• 2019

Support vector machine (SVM) classifiers have been widely used for object detection. These methods usually locate the object by finding the region with maximal score in an image. With bag-of-features representation, the SVM score of an image region can be written as the sum of its inside feature-weights. As a result, the searching process can be executed efficiently by using strategies such as branch-and-bound. However, the feature-weight derived by optimizing region classification cannot really reveal the category knowledge of a feature-point, which could cause bad localization. In this paper, we represent a region in an image by a collection of local feature-points and determine the object by the region with the maximum posterior probability of belonging to the object class. Based on the Bayes' theorem and Naive-Bayes assumptions, the posterior probability is reformulated as the sum of feature-scores. The feature-score is manifested in the form of the logarithm of a probability ratio. Instead of estimating the numerator and denominator probabilities separately, we readily employ the density ratio estimation techniques directly, and overcome the above limitation. Experiments on a car dataset and PASCAL VOC 2007 dataset validated the effectiveness of our method compared to the baselines. In addition, the performance can be further improved by taking advantage of the recently developed deep convolutional neural network features.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.669-684
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• 2012

Discrete wavelet transforms are extensively preferred in biomedical signal processing for denoising, feature extraction, and compression. This paper presents a new denoising method based on the modeling of discrete wavelet coefficients of ECG in selected sub-bands with Kernel density estimation. The modeling provides a statistical distribution of information and noise. A Gaussian kernel with bounded support is used for modeling sub-band coefficients and thresholds and is estimated by placing a sliding window on a normalized cumulative density function. We evaluated this approach on offline noisy ECG records from the Cardiovascular Research Centre of the University of Glasgow and on records from the MIT-BIH Arrythmia database. Results show that our proposed technique has a more reliable physical basis and provides improvement in the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Percentage RMS Difference (PRD). The morphological information of ECG signals is found to be unaffected after employing denoising. This is quantified by calculating the mean square error between the feature vectors of original and denoised signal. MSE values are less than 0.05 for most of the cases.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.443-455
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• 1999

A simulation-based approach to estimating the probability of an arbitrary region under a multivariate normal distribution is developed. In specific, the probability is expressed as the ratio of the unrestricted and the restricted multivariate normal density functions, where the restriction is given by the region whose probability is of interest. The density function of the restricted distribution is then estimated by using a sample generated from the Gibbs sampling algorithm.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.721-725
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• 2004

Multiple-count problem is occurred when rectangle objects span across several buckets. The Cumulative Density (CD) histogram is a technique which solves multiple-count problem by keeping four sub-histograms corresponding to the four points of rectangle. Although it provides exact results with constant response time, there is still a considerable issue. Since it is based on a query window which aligns with a given grid, a number of errors may be occurred when it is applied to real applications. In this paper, we proposed selectivity estimation techniques using the generalized cumulative density histogram based on two probabilistic models: (1) probabilistic model which considers the query window area ratio, (2) probabilistic model which considers intersection area between a given grid and objects. In order to evaluate the proposed methods, we experimented with real dataset and experimental results showed that the proposed technique was superior to the existing selectivity estimation techniques. The proposed techniques can be used to accurately quantify the selectivity of the spatial range query on rectangle objects.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1213-1222
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• 2012

We shall derive the moment of the ratio Y/(X + Y) and the reliability P(X < Y ), and then observe the skewness of the ratio in a bivariate Pareto density function of (X, Y). And we shall consider an approximate MLE of parameters in the bivariate Pareto density function.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제13B권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 엔트로피를 이용한 독립성분분석(ICA : Independent Component Analysis)에서 점수함수(score function)를 생성하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 점수함수를 생성하기 위해서 원 신호(original signals)에 대한 확률밀도함수의 추정이 반드시 필요하고 밀도함수가 미분 가능해야 한다. 따라서 원 신호에 따른 적응적인 점수 함수를 유도할 수 있도록 커널 기반의 밀도추정(kernel density estimation)방법을 사용하였으며, 보다 빠른 밀도 추정 계산을 위해서 식의 형태를 컨볼루션(convolution) 변환 한 후, 컨볼루션을 빠르게 계산할 수 있는 FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) 알고리즘을 이용하였다. 제안한 점수함수 생성 방법은 원 신호에 확률밀도분포와 추정된 신호의 확률밀도 분포의 오차를 줄이는 역할을 한다 실험 결과, 암묵신호분리(blind source separation)문제에서 기존의 Extended Infomax 알고리즘과 Fixed Point ICA 보다 원 신호와 유사한 밀도함수를 추정하였고, 분리된 신호의 신호대잡음비등(SNR)에 있어서 향상된 성능을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1171-1177
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• 2007

We consider estimation of the right-tail probability in a log-Laplace random variable, As we derive the density of ratio of two independent log-Laplace random variables, the k-th moment of the ratio is represented by a special mathematical function. and hence variance of the ratio can be represented by a psi-function.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.717-721
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• 2010

Soil volume conversion factors are used for estimation of an excavated the soil volume which will be removed or added in levelling the ground surface of a construction site. An accurate evaluation method will help us reduce a construction cost and time consuming. In this study, we performed the laboratory tests, including grain size measurement, water content, specific gravity, porosity, density and XRD tests, to suggest reliable soil volume conversion factors and weathering indices in field using nondestructive methods. The weathering index and soil volume conversion factor L are obtained for different types of soils. At results, the CIW index is the best method measuring the weathering index and the factor L is relative to natural porosity, void ratio, density and dry density.