• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.93-97
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiological and clinical outcomes of scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus (HV) deformity in elderly patient with osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: A total of 58 elderly patients (mean age, 72.6 years) underwent scarf osteotomy for HV deformity between 2008 and 2015. The mean follow-up period was 24.4 months. Of the 58 patients, 42 were diagnosed with osteoporosis and 16 were diagnosed as normal. The radiological and clinical outcomes were assessed preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up, including HV angle, intermetatarsal (IM) angle, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, patient satisfaction, visual analogue scale (VAS), and complication. Results: There was no significant difference in HV angle and IM angle between the osteoporosis group and normal bone mineral densitometry group at all time points, preoperative, postoperative, and final follow-up. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups with respect to the AOFAS score and VAS evaluations. In the osteoporosis group, the mean HV angle improved from $36.7^{\circ}$ preoperatively to $11.3^{\circ}$ at the time of final follow-up, and the mean IM angle improved from $13.2^{\circ}$ to $5.7^{\circ}$. The mean AOFAS score improved from 52.6 preoperatively to 89.1 at the time of final follow-up. With respect to satisfaction, 83.4% of patients were very satisfied or satisfied. There were no serious complications, and all cases showed complete union at the osteotomy site. Conclusion: We believed that scarf osteotomy is a safe, effective procedure for the correction of elderly patients with osteoporosis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Developmental Biology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.59-59
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• 2003

ADAM은 metalloprotease/disintegrin domain을 가진 transmembrane glycoprotein으로서 지금까지 30종류 이상의 ADAM 및 10종류 이상의 ADAM-TS 단백질이 알려져 있다. 이들의 기능은 포유동물의 수정 시 sperm-egg binding과 fusion, myoblast fusion, integrin과의 결합 등에 직접 관여하거나, TNF-alpha 등의 생체신호전달물질이 세포로부터 분비될 때에 이들의 구조를 변화시켜 활성화시키는 효소로서의 작용, 그리고 dendritic cell differentiation 등에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 난소가 제거된 생쥐를 이용하여 자궁조직의 ADAM-8, -9, -10, -12, -15, -17 그리고 -TS1의 gene의 발현이 $17 \beta $-estradiol에 의하여 조절되는 지를 알아보았다. 생후 6 - 8주 된 암컷 생쥐의 난소를 제거하고, 2 주 후에 $17 \beta $-estradiol ($E_2$), progesterone ($P_4$) 혹은 이 둘 혼합액 ($E_2 + P_4$)을 sesame oil에 녹여 근육주사하였다. 2, 6, 12 시간 후 각각 자궁 조직을 얻고 유전자의 발현 양상을 알아보기 위하여 시료로부터 total RNA을 추출하여 역전사 중합효소반응 (RT-PCR)을 실시하였다. Densitometry를 이용, rpL7에 대한 ADAMS의 mRNA 발현 양을 상대적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 ADAM-8과 -15는 6시간째에서, ADAM-10과 -TS1은 2시간째에서 sesame oil을 주사하거나 $P_4$만을 주사한 군보다 E$_2$를 주사한 군에서 mRNA의 양이 현저하게 증가하였고 ADAM-12는 2시간째에서 ADAM-17은 12시간째에서 sesame oil을 주사하거나 $P_$만을 주사한 군보다 E$_2$를 주사한 군에서 mRNA의 양이 현저하게 증가하였다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 ADAM-8, -10, -15 그리고 TS1은 progesterone에 의하여, ADAM-12와 17은 $17 \beta $-estradiol에 의하여 유전자의 발현이 upregulation 되는 것으로 생각되어진다.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

Objective ： Lonicera japonica contains anti complementary polysaccharides and polyphenolic compound. Among these polyphenolic substances, chlorogenic acid is the major active component of this plant. However, the immunological mechanisms for these activities, have not been elucidated, nor the active components. To clarify immunomodulatory effects of those we examined the relationship between the activity of CD8+ T cell-mediated lysis and the frequency of cytokine profiles in spleen, thymus (especially IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4, GM-CSF etc.) expressing CD8+ T cells activated by IL-2. Methods : To study immunomodulatory effects ethyl acetate fraction from Lonicera japonica, chlorogenic acid on cytokine gene expression from spleen, thymus cells, RT-PCR was performed after quantitative normalization for each gene by a densitometry using ${\beta}$-actin gene expression. A modified standard $^{51}Cr$-release assay was used to measure cytotoxic activities of cytotoxic T cells. Spleen, thymus cells from NOD mice were stained with CD3, CD4, CD44, CD69 in staining buffer and analyzed by two color flow cytometry. Results : We showed that ethyl acetate fraction from Lonicera japonica in combination with IL-2 resulted in a significant enhancement of PCR products for IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4, IL-10, GM-CSF, IL-6 and cytotoxtic CD8+ T cell proportion in spleen and thymus T cells in NOD mice. This suggests that IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-6 like IL-4 may be acting as a regulatory rather than proinflammatory cytokine. Conclusions : In conclusion, based on the results of the present study which showed that ethyl acetate fraction from Lonicera japonica and chlorogenic acid upregulating cytokine gene expression in spleen and thymus, we are tempted to speculate that some of the therapeutic efficacies such as anti-diabetic activity of Lonicera japonica are due to the immunomodulatory its ethylacetate fraction and chlorogenic acid.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2009

High density polyethylene (HDPE) is degraded due to a radiation-induced oxidation when it is used as a neutron moderator in a neutron counter for a nuclear material accounting of spent fuels. The HDPE exposed to the gamma-ray emitted from the fission products in a spent nuclear fuel results in a radiation-induced degradation which changes its original molecular structure to others. So a neutron moderating power variation of HDPE, irradiated by a gamma radiation, was investigated in this work. Five HDPE moderator structures were exposed to the gamma radiation emitted from a $^{60}Co$ source to a level of $10^5-10^9$ rad to compare their post-irradiation properties. As a result of the neutron measurement test with 5 irradiated HDPE structures and a neutron measuring system, it was confirmed that the neutron moderating power for the $10^5$ rad irradiated HDPE moderator revealed the largest decrease when the un-irradiated pure one was used as a reference. It implies that a neutron moderating power variation of HDPE is not directly proportional to the integrated gamma dose rate. To clarify the cause of these changes, some techniques such as a FTIR, an element analysis and a densitometry were employed. As a result of these analyses, it was confirmed that the molecular structure of the gamma irradiated HDPEs had partially changed to others, and the contents of hydrogen and oxygen had varied during the process of a radiation-induced degradation. The mechanism of these changes cannot be explained in detail at present, and thus need further study.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.558-562
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• 2004

Conditions for rapid quantification of isoflavones were studied. Rapid and clear separation of isoflavones (genistin and daidzin) was obtained using solvent system of chloroform : methanol : water : acetic acid (60 : 30 : 10 : 0.5, v/v/v/v). Quantification of each isoflavone separated by TLC was conducted by densitometry analysis. Genistin and daidzin were quantified in $0.15-1.80\;{\mu}g/{\mu}L$ range with 99% confidence. Concentrations of isoflavones in soybeans and kudzu roots originated from Korea were determined, and validity of TLC method for quantification of isoflavones was confirmed by comparison with HPLC analysis.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.329-337
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• 2018

This study was investigated quantitative ultrasound (QUS) usage in Korea for the QUS quality control guidelines. A total of 344 questionnaires collected from July 24th to August 25th 2017 were analyzed. Questionnaires were created through user interviews, expert group advice, literature review and field observation. As a result of the general characteristics of quantitative ultrasound holding amounted to 81.98% of clinic and 6.69% of hospitals. The main user was radio-logical technologists as 31.39%. The contact methods of the gel pad (balloon) were the most used at 56.68% and the scan region was 91.9% of calcaneus. The quantitative ultrasound quality control cycle was 67.37% when the abnormality was found in the equipment, and 63.66% when the accuracy control was implemented according to the manual. The phantoms of QUS were 34.30% of the manufacturer's own phantoms. User of QUS had never received education for quality control of quantitative ultrasound as 62.20%. This study was expected to be useful when creating detailed quality control guidelines in the future, as well as guidelines for the quality control of Korea's standard quantitative ultrasound.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.274-281
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• 2002

The competitive quantitative PCR method targeting pcbC gene was developed for monitoring 4-chlorobiphenyl(4CB)-degrading bacteria, Pseudomonas sp. strain DJ-12, in soil microcosms. The method involves extraction of DNA from soil contaminated with 4CB, PCR amplification of a pcbC gene fragment from the introduced strain with a set of strain-specific primers, and quantification of the elec-trophoresed PCR product by densitometry. To test the adequacy of the method, Pseudomonas sp. strain DJ-12 was introduced into both contaminated and non-contaminated soil microcosms amended with 4CB. Pseudomonas sp. strain DJ-12 was monitored and quantified by a competitive quantitative PCR in comparison with 4CB degradation and the result was compared to those obtained by using the conventional cultivation method. We successfully detected and monitored 4CB-degrading bacteria in each microcosm and found a significant linear relationship between the number of 4CB-degrading bacteria and the capacity for 4CB biodegradation. The results of DNA spiking and cell-spreading experiments suggest that this competitive quantitative PCR method targeting the pcbC gene for monitoring 4CB- degrading bacteria appears to be rapid, sensitive and more suitable than the microbiological approach in estimating the capacity of 4CB biodegradation in environmental samples.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.38 no.2 s.115
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• pp.16-21
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• 2006

Uneven ink transfer of a print can be traced to several causes such as an incomplete contact between the paper surface and ink film, a coarse pattern of a continuous ink film after transfer, uneven absorption, etc. Uneven ink transfer was studied in this points by the Tollenaar. Uneven distributions of printed density are reflected in low ${\ulcorner}m{\lrcorner}$ values of the print. Tollenaar's smoothness coefficient ${\ulcorner}m{\lrcorner}$ value was important factor that deciding printed quality which was easily obtain by densitometry. Limiting print density $D_{\infty}$ that obtained Tollenaar's formulation working as a influence factor at the printed quality. In this study, we obtained limiting print density $D_{\infty}$ and smoothness coefficient ${\ulcorner}m{\lrcorner}$ value of domestic newspapers and foreign newspapers. And we analyzed about properties of the newspaper. The result of this study, smoothness coefficient ${\ulcorner}m{\lrcorner}$ value and limiting print density $D_{\infty}$ showed the good results in the low porosity and low roughness newspaper. Datum which obtained by this study was used as printability factor for the quality control and improvement of domestic newspaper and wished to apply as a basic data for the domestic newspaper quality.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.457-464
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• 2006

Three extracellular proteases (Vpr, peptidase T, and subtilisin) were identified from the culture supernatant of Bacillus subtilis KCTC 3014. All the proteins were partially purified as a mature form by using a DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange column chromatography. Their activities were determined by using zymography and densitometry. The relative molecular masses of Vpr and peptidase T (PepT) were determined to be 68 and 48 kDa by SDS-PAGE and zymography, respectively. However, subtilisin formed a 'binding mode' at the top of the separating gel. After denaturation by boiling at $100^{\circ}C$ for 5 min, its molecular mass was determined to be 29 kDa, whereas its activity was lost. The optimal pH of Vpr, PepT, and subtilisin were 9.0, 6.0-7.0, and 7.0-8.0, respectively. The optimal temperature of Vpr, PepT, and subtilisin was 40, 50, and $40^{\circ}C$, respectively. Inhibitor test revealed that Vpr and subtilisin were serine proteases and that PepT was a metalloprotease. Interestingly, we found that Vpr showed no enzyme activity on a 2DE zymogram gel. Three genes, vpr, pepT, and apr (encoding subtilisin protein), were cloned and their nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were determined.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 1974

Formulas for the prediction of total body fat from skinfold thickness in middle aged men were presented. Hydrostatic weighing was made on 35 middle-aged men $(age:\;40{\sim}50\;years)$ sad corrected for residual volume in lung. Skinfold thickness at four sites, namely, arm, back, waist and abdomen were compared with total fat calculated from the formula given by Keys and Brozek and regression equations were derived. In middle-aged men the observed values were: Body density, 1.07478 ; total body fat, 10.51% body weight; lean body mass, 89.49% body weight; arm skinfold thickness, 4.85mm; back, 10.4 ; waist, 7.72; abdomen, 7.62 and mean skinfold thickness of the four sites, 7.59 mm. The correlations between skinfold thickness and body density were high. The correlations between skinfold thickness and total body fat were also high. The coefficient of correlation between total body fat and arm skinfold, mean skinfold thickness were r=0.839 and r=0.862, respectively. Arm and mean skinfold thicknesses (x, mm) could be used as the representative value for the prediction of total body fat (y, % body weight). The regression equations were: On arm y=2.00x+0.99, With mean skinfold y=1.20x+1.41 The coefficient of correlation between body weight (kg) and mean skinfold thickness was r=0.733. The ratio of mean skinfold thickness (mm) to body weight (kg) in middle-aged men was 0.132.