• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.1316-1323
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• 2003

This paper presents a structural analysis on the rigid and deformed motion of the leaflet induced by the blood flow required in the design of a bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV) prosthesis. In the study on the design and the mechanical characteristics of a bileaflet mechanical heart valve, the fluid mechanics analysis on the blood flow passing through leaflets, the kinetodynamics analysis on the rigid body motion of the leaflet induced by the pulsatile blood flow, and the structural mechanics analysis on the deformed motion of the leaflet are required sequentially and simultaneously. Fluid forces computed in the previous hemodynamics analysis on the blood flow are used in the kinetodynamics analysis on the rigid body motion of the leaflet. Thereafter, the structural mechanics analysis on the deformed motion of the leaflet follows to predict the structural strength variation of the leaflet as the leaflet thickness changes. Analysis results show that structural deformations and stresses increase as the fluid pressure increases and the leaflet thickness decreases. Analysis results also show that the leaflet becomes structurally weaker and weaker as the leaflet thickness becomes smaller than 0.6 mm.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.173-180
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• 2009

In the recent past, the impression expressed by a human body expanded from that of aesthetic beauty to deformed organic medium influenced by environment. And the advancement in digital technology had made it possible to represent the deformed and distorted images of human body more realistically. Consequentially, these exaggerated physical images leave audiences with a feeling of grotesqueness. Chris Cunningham is a British director who mainly focuses on grotesque body as his subject matter using digital media. This paper will explore Chris Cunningham's work and his final goal through analyzing his carnivorous, uncanny grotesque body images, making use of the figital media, at each of his different levels.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.255-268
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• 1992

There are various modalities in the treatment of facial asymmetry, but in severe case with TMD by actively growing deformed condyle, the treatment choice is removing the condyle growth center and TMD symptom such as click or muscular discomfort. In our one case, the patient was complain of facial asymmetry. There are severe deformed condyle head with bird-head fashion and enlarged mandibular ramus and body vertically about 18 mm, overgrowthed Rt. mandible body horizontally about 20 mm. She had intermittent Lt. TMJ clicking and muscular discomfort. The author diagnosed it as Lt. hemimandibular hyper-plasia & R, hemimandibular elongation, a combination form with TMD. the condyle was in active growing state in scintigraphic analysis. So we extirpated the deformed condyle by intrasoral sagittal split ramus osteotomy and reshaped the condyle and mandibular distal fragment extraorally. The distal fragment was readapted in glenoid fossa and fixated. In Rt. mandibular body area, autogenous onlay bone graft on the inferior border of mandible was performed to correct the asymmetry. The clicking and facial asymmetry was corrected and we report this results with other literature findings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.22-31
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• 2002

In present study, the deformation analysis and automotive body repair were analyzed with respect to collision types by case studies. As a result, lots of data for the automobile frame deformation caused by collision were collected and analyzed according to collision types. It was shown from the result that the frame deformation patterns were able to be roughly grouped by collision positions of vehicles. Repair plans of deformed frames could be carried on the measured data. It was shown that the deformed vehicle frames were sufficienty repaired to be normal in driving characteristics from the performance test of repaired vehicles.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.77-93
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• 2008

The purpose of the study was to examine make-up expression elements of horror characters as an evil spirit, a vampire, a zombie, a monster and a psycho murderer through make-up, focused on horror movies of the United States after1960s. First, an evil spirit was expressed that the pupil grew dim without a focus and the skin was torn by going bad and rot completely. Also, it was expressed that its teeth was changed to pointed canine teeth as a wild beast and its pale and bloodless face showed blood vessels clearly. To express its bloodless and pale skin, air brush was swept into the skin over several times. Its canine tooth was made acryl powder into its shape and was harden to make its shape smooth. Also, it was colored to show people like the real thing. Second, a vampire was expressed by make-up elements as long nails, a sharp canine tooth, a pale skin with a blood vessel and dead eyes. Its rough skin and long nails were manufactured with latex foam, which was colored like the skin. Third, a monster image as a werewolf was expressed by make-up elements as fur, sharp teeth, changed nails and toenails, a rough skin and a face changed to a wolf. Rubber mask and rubber body suit were manufactured as a make-up of special character and so all its body was changed. Fourth, a psycho murderer and body-deformed man were expressed by make-up elements as a distorted mask, swelled-up and deformed skull and face form, terribly deformed body, discolored and hang down skin and teeth with an indeterminate form. Its body and face were manufactured by the foam latex technology according to make-up design as a make-up of special character.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1997.03a
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• pp.31-36
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• 1997

Various methods of finite element modeling for welded part are examined and the stamping simulation of automotive body is presented by using the explicit finite element code PAM-STAMPTM. The process of stamping simulation is suggested step by step, and then the gravity, binder wrap, forming, trimming and springback of front door inner are analyzed. It shows good agreements with real product in the aspects of deformed shape and failure area. The door inner with laser-tailor welded blank is simulated, in which deformed shape, movement of welde line and formability are predicted.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.132-145
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• 2010

These days, the aging population is becoming a critical social issue; the activation of the silver industry for the Y-O generation, meaning the young-old group of aged 55-64, is accelerating now. Pants are very important item to this generation, since they pursue active life with an exercise and leisure activities. Therefore, the physical, psychological, and social characters as well as the changed life style of women in the Y-O generation were reviewed, based on former studies and books. The consumer's patterns and actual wearing conditions about slacks were researched and analyzed through the survey toward 300 women aged 55-65 living in Seoul. Based on this research, information was provided for the development of slacks pattern which is suitable to the deformed body and aesthetic consciousness of the Y-O generation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.5
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• pp.53-70
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the expressional traits and meanings of body images in contemporary fashion illustration, based on postmodern body theories and body images in postmodern art. For achieving the purpose, this study performed related research works and undertook a demonstrative analysis of fashion illustrations. The results are as follows : The postmodern body theories not only opposed, deconstructed the traditional concepts and norms of body, but also revealed the suppressed facts of it. Also they composed the new concepts of body. The expressional traits of body images in postmodern art and contemporary fashion illustration were categorized as realistically presented body, distorted/deformed body, fragmented body, abject body, post-gendered body and absent body. Through these traits, the meanings of defiance to authority, revelation of reality, new creation were expressed. In conclusion, the various body images in contemporary fashion illustration reflect open concepts for human beings and give new aesthetic experiences.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.139-154
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• 2016

This paper is concerned with the dynamics of hyperelastic solids and structures. We seek for a smart control actuation that produces a desired (prescribed) displacement field in the presence of transient imposed forces. In the literature, this problem is denoted as displacement tracking, or also as shape morphing problem. One talks about shape control, when the displacements to be tracked do vanish. In the present paper, it is assumed that the control actuation is provided by imposed eigenstrains, e.g., by the electric field in piezoelectric actuators, or by thermal actuators, or via analogous physical effects, such as magneto-striction or pre-stress. Structures with a controlled eigenstrain-type actuation belong to the class of smart structures. The action of the eigenstrains can be conveniently characterized by actuation stresses. Our theoretical derivations are performed in the framework of the theory of small incremental dynamic deformations superimposed upon a statically pre-deformed configuration of a hyperelastic solid or structure. We particularly ask for a distribution of incremental actuation stresses, such that the incremental displacements follow exactly a prescribed trajectory field, despite the imposed incremental forces are present. An exact solution of this problem is presented under the assumption that the actuation stresses can be tailored freely and applied everywhere within the body. Extending a Neumann-type solution strategy, it is shown that the actuation stresses due to the distributed control eigenstrains must satisfy certain quasi-static equilibrium conditions, where auxiliary body-forces and auxiliary surface tractions are to be taken into account. The latter auxiliary loading can be directly computed from the imposed forces and from the desired displacement field to be tracked. Hence, despite the problem is a dynamic one, a straightforward computation of proper actuator distributions can be obtained in the framework of quasi-static equilibrium conditions. Necessary conditions for the functioning of this concept are presented. Particularly, it must be required that the intermediate configuration is infinitesimally superstable. Previous results of our group for the case of shape control and displacement tracking in linear elastic structures are included as special cases. The high potential of the solution is demonstrated via Finite Element computations for an irregularly shaped four-corner plate in a state of plain strain.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.171-178
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• 2002

The elastic deflections of the cold forging die influence the dimensional accuracy of forged parts. The die dimension is continuously changed during the loading, unloading, and ejecting stage. In this paper, we evaluated the elastic deflections of cold forging die during the loading, unloding and ejecting stage with experimental and FEM analysis. Uni-axial strain gages are used to measure elastic strain of die during each forging stage. Strain gages are attached un the upper surface of die. A commercial F.E.M. code, DEFORM$-2D^{TM}$ is used to predict the elastic strains of die, to be compared those by experiments. Two modelling approaches are used to define the reasonable analysis method. The first of the two modelling approaches is to regard the die as rigid body over forging cycle. And then, the die stress is analyzed by loading the die with pressure from the deformed part. The other is to regard the die as elastic body from forging cycle. The elastic strain of tool is calculated and the tool is elastically deformed at each strep. The calculated results under the elastic die assumption are well agreed wish experimental data using the strain gages.