• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 1997

This study was done for understanding the desirable direction of eastern and western nursing by comparing the nursing practice for the Pyrexia patient occuring most commonly. Body temperature usually maintains around $37^{\circ}C$ owing to the thermoregulatory center but pyrexia is caused by exogenous pyrogen like infection, cancer or disturbances in body's homeostatic heat balance. Pyrexia is defined that body temperature rise above $37.2^{\circ}C$. It has chill phase, course of the fever, termination accompanied various symptoms. Oriental medicine explains that pyrexia comes from Yang's(陽) abundance and Yin's(陰) lack. Pyrexia mainly happens when body constitution is in bad condition by Six Dirty's(六陰) affection to Wi Area (偉分). It also occurs because of unbalance between Qi (氣) and Yin(陰) caused by the lack in Seven Emotions, labor, food. The Sanghanron(傷寒論), explains that pyrexia is categorized exogenous fever like Poong Han(風寒), Poong Yul(風熱), Sup Yul(濕熱) and endogenous fever due to the Qi and blood deficiency. Explained above, even though pyrexia has different meaning in oriental medicine and western medicine, but this study have compared the oriental and western medicine assuming that pyrexia is rise of body temperature. From this point of view, oriental and western nursing shows the similarity in the field of 1) use of antipyretic to control the body temperature 2) rest and comfort 3) watering 4) nutrition and case study was executed in nursing practice. From the above study, western nursing has superiority in decreasing the patient's risen body temperature using antipyretic and ice bag. But in case of empty heat, oriental nursing which recommends the patient's body keep warm and prevent the use of ice bag as the first step and helps patient's sweating by drinking of hot water was comparatively effective. In conclusion, it is desirable that oriental nursing emphasizing the supportive nursing and western nursing should be harmonized according to the status of pyrexia patient and it is needed to study the nursing method appropriate in our culture.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.53-76
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• 2010

This report describes 173 formulas related to which are mainly used Paeoniae Radix in Dongeuibogam. The following conclusions were induced through investigations on the formulas that are used Paeoniae Radix as a main component. 1. We found the formulas in Dongeuibogam that Paeoniae Radix is used as a main ingredient in each prescriptions. 22 times(12.4%) of them are recorded in women's disease chapter, 20 times(11.3%) are in feces chapter, 14 times(7.9%) are in uterus, 12 times(6.8%) are in wind chapter, 10 times(5.6%) are in fatigue chapter, 9 times(5.1%) are in blood chapter, which are arranged in order of frequency. 2. Formulas that utilize Paeoniae Radix as the main ingredient are used in the treatment of women's disease, diarrhea, paralysis, yin and yang-deficiency syndrome. They are also used for treating 117 different types of diseases. 3. The dosage of Paeoniae Radix in formulas is from 1 don(nearly 3.75g) to 1 nyang 5 don (nearly 56.25g), however 1 don has been taken the most for clinical application. 4. Paeoniae Radix can make various effects with other ingredient, like fulfilling yin and blood, relaxing muscles and allaying pain. And this can be found in the formulas such as Samultang(四物湯), Jakyackgamchotang(芍藥甘草湯), Sambaektang(三白湯).

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.89-99
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• 2012

Objectives : This report describes 36 formulas including Asparagi Radix and Liriopis Tuber in Dongeuibogam. Asparagi Radix and Liriopis Tuber have been used separately or concurrently in Oriental Medicine for a long time as a treatment for various diseases. Methods : 36 formulas including Asparagi Radix and Liriopis Tuber as a main component which have been used separately or concurrently in Oriental Medicine for a long time as a treatment for various disease in Dongeuibogam were studied through order of frequency, symptoms, dosages, etc. Results : 1. 6 formulas are recorded in fatigue chapter, 5 formulas in blood chapter 7 formulas in body shape chapter and fire chapter each which are arranged in order of frequency. 2. Enhancing strength and life span herbs are most used in formulas including Asparagi Radix and Liriopis Tuber. General fatigue treating herbs, severe bleeding cold, fire moving by yin-deficiency and kidney malfunction treating herbs are following frequency among 25 symptoms in formulas including Asparagi Radix and Liriopis Tuber. 3. The dosages of Asparagi Radix which is used same amount Liriopis Tuber are ranged from 2.5 puns~2 jeons. 1 jeon is recorded 13(36.1%), 5 puns is 6(16.7%), 7 puns and 2 jeons are recorded 4(11.1%), the rests are 3(8.3%) used among 36 formulas including Asparagi Radix and Liriopis Tuber. 4. The frequencies of Asparagi Radix and Liriopis Tuber have 9(25.0%) in decoctions groups, 27(75.0%) in the other groups except decoctions. So the ratio of decoctions groups to the other groups in being used is about 1:3. Decoction groups are used in enhancing Yin and descending fire, on the other hands the other groups except decoctions are used in well-being in whole life. Conclusions : The 36 formulas including Asparagi Radix and Liriopis Tuber in Dongeuibogam are mainly composed of Eedong-go, Insamgobon-hwan, Gamri-hwan, Samjae-hwan, Saengjihwang-go, Naebo-hwan, etc.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1789-1792
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• 2006

To develop the Korean Standard Differentiation of the symptoms and signs for the Stroke(KSDS), the committee on Stroke Diagnosis Standardization of Korean Traditional Medicine was organized by nineteen experts in College of Korean Medicine, The Consensus of the second Consultation Meeting was as follows : First is the definition of the stroke on the Korean Traditional Medicine. Second is the five categories to the Differentiation of the symptoms and signs for the Stroke - fire and heat, dampness and phlegm, blood stasis, qi deficiency, yin deficiency. Third is the indices of the Differentiation of the symptoms and signs for the Stroke respectively. KSDS-1 will be applied to the clinical practice and revised. The Consensus of the third Consultation Meeting had agreed 81 symptoms indexes of KSDS.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.85-95
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• 2004

The theory of liver by Jang suk-sun[張錫純] is that first, although liver exists at right side of body and spleen at left anatomically, function of liver presents at left side of body and function of spleen at right based on principle of 'interdependence between eum and yang' and 'join strength with elasticity', and in the relation between liver and spleen, if gi of spleen ascends, gi of liver also ascends, and if gi of stomach descents, gi of gall bladder also descents. So. care of spleen and stomach becomes main point in treating disease of liver. The meaning of 'the liver being in charge of the evaporation'[肝主氣化] is that first, it raises the primordial gi and forms the 'great g' for it's circulation of whole body. Second., it excretes the functional activity of gi and connects heart with kidney and guides the evaporation of the whole body by connecting innate nature with acquired nature. Third, 'the liver being in charge of the evaporation' is realized by the help of spleen and stomach. And he said that this functional activity of gi is one of distinctive features that distinguish Oriental medicine from Western medicine. He discoursed upon physiology of 'the liver being in charge of the evaporation' and 'the Body belonged to yin and the Use belonged to yang' after seeing an evil of abusing drugs that calm the liver and check hyperfunction of liver by contemporary doctors. And he established a treat of 'warming and recuperating the gi of liver' [溫補肝氣法] and used it for symptoms of 'deficiency of liver-gi'[肝氣虛], 'exhaution of liver-gi'[肝氣脫], and 'the liver-cold'[肝寒證].

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.32-47
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a standard tool for pattern identification of radiation pneumonitis. Methods: Textbooks, published studies, and references with comments about patterns were reviewed. Through the Delphi method, we determined pattern identifications based on advice from a committee of experts composed of 13 Korean respiratory internal medicine professors. Results: Using the Delphi method, four pattern identifications were chosen: Qi Deficiency (氣虛), Yin Deficiency (陰虛), Heat Toxin (熱毒), and Phlegm Dampness (痰濕). The tool was developed in a question-and-answer format with 35 questions. Conclusions: A pattern identification tool that can discriminate the patterns of radiation pneumonitis for standardized diagnosis was developed through expert consultation. Further study of its validity and reliability is necessary.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.43 no.8
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• pp.749-762
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• 2020

The migration, dedifferentiation, and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are responsible for intimal hyperplasia, but the mechanism of this process has not been elucidated. WD repeat domain 1 (WDR1) promotes actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin-mediated depolymerization of actin filaments (F-actin). The role of WDR1 in neointima formation and progression is still unknown. A model of intimal thickening was constructed by ligating the left common carotid artery in Wdr1 deletion mice, and H&E staining showed that Wdr1 deficiency significantly inhibits neointima formation. We also report that STAT3 promotes the proliferation and migration of VSMCs by directly promoting WDR1 transcription. Mechanistically, we clarified that WDR1 promotes the proliferation and migration of VSMCs and neointima formation is regulated by the activation of the JAK2/STAT3/WDR1 axis.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.77-91
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• 2017

Objectives The aim of this study was to develop a standard tool of pattern identification for Knee Osteoarthritis, which will be applied to clinical research. Methods The advisor committee for this study was organized by 11 panel of experts (Korean Rehabilitation Medicine professors, Acupuncture and Moxibustion professors belonging to Korean Medicine colleges, Principal Researcher of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Doctor of Korean medicine). The pattern identifications and symptoms for this tool were extracted from published Korean and Chinese literature. Through the discussion among internal experts and consultation from advisors, the Instrument on Pattern Identifications for Knee Osteoarthritis was developed. Results 1) Five pattern identifications (The Wind, Chill, and Moisture, The Moist-Heat, Blood Stasis, Yang Deficiency of Spleen and Kidney, Yin Deficiency of Liver and Kidney) were set for the tool. 2) The mean weights which represent the importance of each symptom and scored on a hundred-point scale was obtained. 3) The Instrument on Pattern Identifications for Knee Osteoarthritis was designed in the self-reporting format composed of 46 questions. Conclusions The Instrument on Pattern Identifications for Knee Osteoarthritis was created through this study. Though this study is not proved about validity, reliability, the instrument of pattern identification for Knee Osteoarthritis is meaningful and expected to be applied to the subsequent.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.469-480
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate using of herbal medicine based on pattern identification of symptoms, such as Qi deficiency pattern, Yin deficiency pattern, Phlegm -dampness pattern, Static blood pattern, Fire-heat pattern. These patterns settled by Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for Stroke in 2005. This study was done with 177 patients in Daejeon University Oriental Medical Hospital in the period of November 2006 to July 2007. Among the five types of pattern identification, Phlegm -dampness pattern showed significantly high frequency especially in 3 weeks after stroke. The sort of herbal medicine was 43 and Dodamhwalhyoel-tang(26.61%), Sunhwanki 1 hobang(14.52%), Banhabaekchulcheonma-tang(4.84%), Ansinchongnoi-tang(4.84%), Chongryuldodam-tang(4.03%) were most frequently used. Especially Dodamhwalhyoel-tang showed significantly high frequency in 2 weeks after stroke. Based on these results, it is suggested that more practical Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for Stroke would be established through continuous clinical studies by giving weight on relationship between herbal medicine and pattern identification.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.214-238
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• 2007

Purpose : We have carried out this study to investigate association of DSOM scores and women infertility in oriental medicine for systematization diagnosis and treatment of women infertility. Methods : We analyzed the results of medical records for 151 patients who were diagnosed as women infertility. We investigated the possession of symptom index of women infertility, recognition association of DSOM. Results : 1. In comparison with 151 clinical trial's data. deficiency of Yin(陰虛), coldness(寒), spleen(脾) are associated positively and deficiency of Yang(陽虛), phlegm(痰) are associated negatively. 2. In pathogenesis(病機) indicator of average, cold inside the body is associated positively and diarrhea, kidney are associated negatively. 3. In pathogenesis five score-point of value, Heat(熱), kidney(腎) are associated negatively. 4. In pathogenesis(病機) indicator. constipation(便秘) is associated positively and hardness of lower abdomen, tingly weakness of lower back and knee question are associated negatively. 5. In 140 questions, nine questions are associated positively and ten question are associated negatively.