• Title/Summary/Keyword: defensiveness

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A Study on Parenting Stress With Sensory Defensiveness and the Quality of Life (감각방어유무에 따른 양육스트레스와 삶의 질에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Jeong-Sil;Lee, Mi-Hee
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.37-47
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    • 2005
  • Objective : This study was to find out whether there was a difference between parenting stress of parents with and without sensory defensiveness and level of the quality of life, to analyze the factors related with parenting stress of parents and quality of life and to develop intervention program to improve quality of life of parents that care children with problem on sensory process. Methods : The population of this study was consisted of 82 children aged from 3 to 7 years and was treated occupational therapy in clinics or welfare centers for disabled persons. Parenting stress was assessed with Parenting Stress Index and the quality of life scales used by Lee Jeong-Eun was used to assess the level of quality of life. Result : The difference between parenting stress with and without sensory defensiveness and level of quality of life was only shown in parenting stress, and the correlation between parenting stress with and without sensory defensiveness and quality of life indicated negative correlation in both sensory defensiveness and no sensory defensiveness group(r=-0.52, r=-0.65, p<0.05). This study found there was significant difference between quality of life factors affecting parenting stress of parents and parenting stress factors affecting quality of life in sensory defensiveness and no sensory defensiveness group. Conclusion : The study showed that clinicians must develop appropriative intervention program with sensory defensiveness or without sensory defensiveness for decreasing parenting stress and increasing quality of life for their parents.

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The Effect of Sensory Integrative Intervention Focused on Proprioceptive-Vestibular Stimuli on Adaptive Response of Children With Sensory Defensiveness: Case Study (고유-전정감각 중심의 감각통합 중재가 감각방어 아동의 적응반응에 미치는 효과: 사례보고)

  • Park, Ji-Hoon;Kim, In-Sun
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.29-39
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    • 2011
  • Objective : The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of sensory integrative intervention focused on proprioceptive-vestibular stimuli on adaptive response of children with sensory defensiveness. Methods : Subject of this study was a 6 years and 5 month old boy. The subject underwent a sensory integration (SI) treatment which was part of the SI treatment course administered by the Korean Sensory Integration Society, in 2011. The treatment goal and treatment plan had established based on the evaluation results. Treatment was done with 4 sessions and the adaptive responses of the subject were measured as outcome of the SI treatment. Results : During the SI treatment, the subject could participate in activities involving tactile stimulation without over-arousal. He also showed improved social interaction skills and his play was qualitatively extended. Conclusion : According to the results of this study, it was verified that sensory integrative intervention focused on proprioceptive-vestibular stimuli has positive effective on adaptive response for children with sensory defensiveness. For the future study, it is suggested to use standardized assessments in evaluation and provide information in changes of daily occupation as outcome data.

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Development of the Dysfunctional Communication Behavior Scale for Married Couples - Focusing on Gottman's Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse - (부부간 역기능적 의사소통 행동 척도 개발 - Gottman의 네 기수(騎手) 개념을 중심으로 -)

  • Kwon, Yoon-A;Kim, Deuk-Sung
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.46 no.6
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    • pp.101-114
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study was to develop a self-report scale measuring dysfunctional communication behaviors that Korean husbands and wives may use during marital fights. Based on the four concepts of criticism, contempt, defensiveness, and stonewalling proposed by Gottman(1994a), an initial pool of 38 items was developed. Through expert reviews of the 38 items to assess content validity, preliminary 30 items were selected. Using a sample of 89 married couples who were living in Susan, Korea, we conducted item analyses and exploratory factor analyses with the 30 items. These analyses yielded a final 19-item, four-factor scale : criticism(5 items), contempt(5 items), defensiveness(5 items), and stonewalling(4 items). The internal consistency estimates for these subscales were satisfactory. Finally, using another sample of 228 wives, we conducted confirmatory factor analysis to confirm cross validity of the 19-item, four-factor model. The result indicated that this model fitted the data reasonably well. All standardized factor loadings were significant in this model. The results of this study supported reliability and validity of this scale.

Defensive Behaviors of IT Purchasing-Related Stakeholders (IT 구매 이해관계자들의 방어적 행동에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Sung Kun;Ahn, Namkyu
    • Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.89-110
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    • 2019
  • Information technology is an effective means for raising firm competitiveness. In fact, what to purchase or how to purchase it must fall under a highly complex decision-making in which many different stakeholders are involved. These stakeholders are often known to take a defensive behavior. That is, instead of working toward a common goal of organizational performance, each individual of these stakeholders tends to act defensively to avoid risks he/she faces or minimize subsequent changes. Despite a frequent occurrence of defensive behavior in the process of IT purchasing, there has been no research about defensiveness in IT purchasing. Our study aims to elicit different types of defensive behavior in IT purchasing situations and to identify causes of these defensive behaviors. To this end, we surveyed IT professionals having much experience in IT purchasing and took a qualitative analysis on their opinions. We found out that there exist 9 different types of defensive behavior in IT purchasing and identified a set of factors causing the defensiveness and a set of their consequences.

Sensory Integration therapy Evaluation and Intervention in Clients With Goldenhar Syndrome : A Case Report (골덴하르 증후군(Goldenhar syndrome)아동에 대한 감각통합치료 평가와 중재: 사례연구)

  • Jung, Hee-Seung
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.11 no.11
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    • pp.286-295
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    • 2011
  • This case study was to examine the effect of the sensory integration therapy on the Goldenhar syndrome child with tactile defensiveness, developmental delay and occupational performance difficulties. The child was 7.10 year old boy. For intervention, four evaluations were used and the results are as follows. First, in Canadian Occupational Performance Measure showed occupational performance goal as reading and writing in upright position. Second, in Short sensory profile and sensory history, significant differences between sensory sensitivity and tactile processing. Third, in Developmental Profile-3 showed delay. Fourth, in Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 showed below average. After intervention, the results of which showed a positive changes. Therefore, this case study is found that the sensory integration therapy is effective in the Goldenhar syndrome child with tactile defensiveness and developmental delay.

The Effect of Sensory Diet Home Program for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Who Have Sensory Defensiveness: Case Report (감각방어를 가진 자폐 범주성 장애 아동을 대상으로 한 감각식이 가정프로그램이 감각조절과 사회적 능력에 미치는 영향: 사례보고)

  • Hu, Soh Young
    • Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.63-73
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    • 2015
  • Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sensory diet home program for children with autism spectrum disorder who have sensory defensiveness and explore how this intervention affect to sensory modulation and social interaction ability. Methods : The subject of this case study was a 12-year-old girl with autism spectrum disorder who was struggling with her sensory modulation problem. Parent interview and evaluations were conducted and subject-tailored sensory diet home program was made by the therapist. Parent education for the home program was provided to parents and everyday, 3 times, 30minutes of home program activities were conducted to the child for 23 days. Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile and Social Maturity Scale were measured at pre and post intervention and parent wrote daily observation record about child during the intervention. Results : After the intervention, Low Registration, Sensory Sensitivity, Sensation Avoiding area of Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile included to the normal range and the scores of the Social Maturity Scale improved. Conclusions : Child's sensory defensiveness was relieved and sensory modulation and controling emotion ability were improved. While there was significant improvement for sensory modulation and social interaction ability, this was a case study and there was only one subject. So we need to study with larger sample size to generalize this intervention's effectiveness.

Effects of Active Oral Play and Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI®) for Child With Oral Defensiveness: Single Subject Research (구강방어아동을 위한 능동적 구강놀이와 ASI적용효과 : 단일사례연구)

  • Sung, Ga-young;Choi, Jeong-Sil;Jung, Hyerim
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2019
  • Objective : The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI®) with play-centered oral defensiveness reduction activities on the oral sensitivity of a child with oral defensiveness. Methods : The subject was a three-and-a-half year-old boy with a developmental delay. The study was performed from August to September, 2018. The research design used in this study is the design for single-subject research. The experimental period was divided into three phases: three sessions for the initial baseline phase (A), 15 sessions for the treatment phase (B), and three sessions for the final baseline phase (A'). Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI®) with active oral play was conducted in the treatment phase. The Measuring Oral Sensitivity in Practice was used to test changes in the oral sensitivity level. The Korean Children's Eating Behavior Inventory and Food Checklist were used to assess the difference in functions related to oral sensitivity before and after the intervention. Results : In comparison with the baseline phase, the Measuring Oral Sensitivity in Practice and Korean Children's Eating Behavior Inventory were improved during the treatment phase, but the Food Intake checklist score was not changed after the treatment phase. Conclusion : The use of Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI®) with active oral play produced positive results and reduced the child's oral sensitivity and eating problems.

The Necessity for Adult's Sensory Processing Evaluating Tool and the Introduction of Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (성인용 감각처리 평가도구의 필요성 및 Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile의 소개)

  • Park, Mi-Hee;Kim, Kyeong-Mi
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.17-28
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    • 2006
  • The person's behaviors are interactive with sensory processing ability. So sensory processing ability is very important. Most of tools which evaluate sensory processing are developed for the child. But sensory integrated problems are not restricted to the child. It is possible for sensory integrative problems to happen independent of the intellectual level and the social stratum. And sensory integrative problems are distributed in all age. Adults who have a sensory defensiveness use various coping strategies. But it does not solve a basic sensory defensive problem. Previous studies reported the fact that the sensory integrative treatment has a high treatment effect in these people. In this paper, we present the necessity for adult's sensory processing evaluating tool. We introduces Adolescent/Adult Sensory profile to be translated into Korean. It will discriminate adults who have sensory defensiveness from adult. It will provide these people with the suitable help.

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Effects of Surface and Core Problems in Marriage on Dysfunctional Communication Behaviors in Marital Arguments : Focusing on Married Women (결혼생활의 표면적 문제와 핵심 문제가 부부싸움에서 사용하는 역기능적 의사소통 행동에 미치는 영향 : 기혼여성을 중심으로)

  • Kwon, Yoona;Kim, Deuksung
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.1-14
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    • 2013
  • The current study examined the ability to predict Gottman's four dysfunctional communication behaviors during marital arguments based on the level of surface and core problems in marriage. Core problems were composed of three factors: caring, power, and commitment problems. A self-report questionnaire was administered to 182 married women residing in Busan. The results of multiple regression analyses revealed that a woman's degree of criticism was predicted by surface and caring problems when controlling for the other variables. The degree of contempt was predicted by a commitment problem as well as surface and caring problems. Defensiveness was determined only by a commitment problem, while stonewalling was determined only by a power problem. Overall, these results showed the importance of core problems in understanding the causes of the four dysfunctional communication behaviors - especially contempt - and suggested that additional attention should be given to a commitment problem as a contributor to the expression of contempt and defensiveness.

Single Case Study: The Positive Impact of the Intensive Sensory Integration Intervention for the Sensory Defensiveness (감각통합기능장애에 대한 집중치료프로그램의 효과 : 사례보고)

  • Park, Ji-Hun;Noh, Jong-Su;Lee, Hyang-Sook;Cha, Jung-Jin
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.63-76
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    • 2009
  • Objective : The purpose of this study was to identify effects of intensive sensory integration (SI) treatment and home-program for a child who has a sensory integration disorder. This study also examined whether the positive effect is long-lasting by a follow-up test. Method : A boy with sensory integration dysfunction underwent an intensive SI treatment for 2 weeks. The intervention was consisted of 9 sessions and duration of the each session was 40 minutes. Sensory diet and Wilbarger protocol was provided as home program. The child's sensory function was evaluated before and after the SI intervention. Five month later, re-evaluation was executed for follow-up purpose. Results : In the evaluation after the Si intervention, the child's sensory defensiveness was decreased. Praxis, visual perception, sensory regulation dysfunction (sleep function), affective stabilization and performance of activities of daily living are also improved. In the re-evaluation after the 5 month later, the self-regulation ability, especially sleep function, has been maintained and the visual perception was developing continually. However, the child showed some affective regulation such as bothering his mother and losing his temper. Conclusions : The intensive SI intervention showed positive effects in terms of SI function improvement and the effect lasted long without any additional therapeutic intervention.

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