• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2003

1. 생쥐 고환으로부터 얻은 세포를 배양하여 군집을 형성하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었으며, AP, SSEA-1, -3, -4과 Integrin $\alpha$6, $\beta$1 및 Oct4의 발현을 확인하였다. 2. 생쥐 생식줄기세포를 3-5일정도 배양하게 되면, 여러 층으로 이루어진 군집을 이루게 되는데 이는 생쥐 배아줄기세포나 배아생식줄기세포의 형태와 같은 것이었다. 3. 생쥐 생식줄기세포를 체외에서 효과적으로 분리, 배양할 수 있는 조건을 확립하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1446-1451
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• 2016

Clostridium difficile toxin A causes acute gut inflammation in animals and humans. It is known to downregulate the tight junctions between colonic epithelial cells, allowing luminal contents to access body tissues and trigger acute immune responses. However, it is not yet known whether this loss of the barrier function is a critical factor in the progression of toxin A-induced pseudomembranous colitis. We previously showed that NADH:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) KO (knockout) mice spontaneously display weak gut inflammation and a marked loss of colonic epithelial tight junctions. Moreover, NQO1 KO mice exhibited highly increased inflammatory responses compared with NQO1 WT (wild-type) control mice when subjected to DSS-induced experimental colitis. Here, we tested whether toxin A could also trigger more severe inflammatory responses in NQO1 KO mice compared with NQO1 WT mice. Indeed, our results show that C. difficile toxin A-mediated enteritis is significantly enhanced in NQO1 KO mice compared with NQO1 WT mice. The levels of fluid secretion, villus disruption, and epithelial cell apoptosis were also higher in toxin A-treated NQO1 KO mice compared with WT mice. The previous and present results collectively show that NQO1 is involved in the formation of tight junctions in the small intestine, and that defects in NQO1 enhance C. difficile toxin A-induced acute inflammatory responses, presumably via the loss of epithelial cell tight junctions.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.1960-1972
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• 2006

본 논문은 모바일 상에서 GPS와 전자지도를 이 용하여 차량 영상의 번호판 및 이동물체의 위치를 실시간 및 시뮬레이션 동작 모드로 전자지도상에 보여주는 시스템을 구현하였다. 또한, 모바일 단말기 일종의 하나인 PDA에 부착되어 있는 카메라를 통하여 입력되는 차량의 전, 후면의 번호판을 자동으로 인식, 검증하는 모바일 영상처리 기술을 이용하여 차량 번호를 검출하고 무선 통신망을 통해 원격 서버에 차량 번호와 모바일 단말기의 위치 정보를 함께 전송함으로써 GPS에 의하여 지형 및 위치 정보를 측정하고 PDA와 무선 통신을 이용하여 실시간으로 전송함으로써 차량의 정보를 효과적으로 획득할 수 있다. 이는 위치 정보의 획득과 차량의 번호판을 영상 처리하여 실시간으로 중앙관제소에 텍스트 형태로 전송하고 이를 도면화 한다. GPS에 의한 위치 정보획득과 PDA에 의한 영상처리를 활용하여 정확한 차량의 위치 및 위치 정보를 측정하고 중앙관제소로 전송하여 관제소에서 차량의 유형, 이상여부 및 위치 정보를 실시간으로 획득하여 각종 정보에 이용하며, 이러한 특성 정보를 통해 적합한 위치를 추적이 가능한 임베디드형 시스템을 구현한다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2007

Purpose: $Allevyn^{(R)}$(Smith & Nephew, England) is a type of polyurethane foam material with good wound discharge absorption. $Acticoat^{(R)}$(Smith & Nephew, England) is a silver coated dressing material which is effective in infected wound. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of dry gauze, $Acticoat^{(R)}$ and $Allevyn^{(R)}$ on infected full-thickness wound healing in rat. Methods: One hundred and twenty rats were divided into 3 groups: group I(dressing with dry gauze, n=40), group II(dressing with $Allevyn^{(R)}$, n=40), group III(dressing with $Acticoat^{(R)}$, n=40). A $15{\times}15mm$ square full-thickness wound was made on the dorsum and left open for 24 hours. The size of wound defects were measured each dressing changes. The histological evaluation was performed on the 3rd day, 7th day, 14th day, 21th day. Results: After the wound was left open for 24 hours, typical findings of bacterial infection was observed. After the 7th day, group III showed larger area of epithelialization, smaller defect size compared to those of two other groups. Complete replacement by fibrotic scar tissue was observed in group III with no signs of inflammation on the 14th day. By day 21, the average defect size in group III was decreased from initial 100% to 3.63%. while in group I and II, it was decreased to 62.66% and 53.62%, respectively. Conclusion: $Acticoat^{(R)}$ is an effective tool in the treatment of infected wound.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.823-826
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• 2010

Purpose: Meningomyelocele is the most common type of neural tube defect disease. Early surgical treatment is recommended to prevent central nervous system infection. Several reconstruction methods were reported previously regarding surgical wound defect closure following meningomyelocele excision. In this article, we report two successful patients using the bilateral fasciocutaneous sliding V-Y advancement flap as a covering for meningomyelocele defects. Methods: Two patients with meningomyelocele were evaluated. Both patients were male and received their operations on the 1st and 4th day of life. After neurosurgeons completed their part of the operation, the V-Y advancement flap was used to close the defect. Initially a bilateral V-shape incision design was made on the skin such that the base of the V-flap measures identical to the size of the wound defect. An incision was made down to the fascia in order to allow the V-flaps to slide into the defect. Subfascial dissection was performed up to 1/3 to 1/4 the length of the V-flap from the wound while minimizing injury to the perforating vessels. Results: Both patients were treated successfully and there was no evidence of complication in 2 months follow up. Conclusion: Several reconstruction methods such as local flaps, skin graft and myocutaneous flaps were reported regarding meningomyelocele surgical wound defect closure. Bilateral fasciocutaneous sliding V-Y advancement flap is an easy method without involving the underlying muscles or a secondary skin graft in a short operation time. Therefore we recommend this treatment option for reconstruction of the wound defect following meningomyelocele excision.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.66-75
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• 2020

Saturated fatty acids contribute to β-cell dysfunction in the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cellular responses to lipotoxicity include oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and blockage of autophagy. Palmitate induces ER Ca²⁺ depletion followed by notable store-operated Ca²⁺ entry. Subsequent elevation of cytosolic Ca²⁺ can activate undesirable signaling pathways culminating in cell death. Mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uniporter (MCU) is the major route for Ca²⁺ uptake into the matrix and couples metabolism with insulin secretion. However, it has been unclear whether mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uptake plays a protective role or contributes to lipotoxicity. Here, we observed palmitate upregulated MCU protein expression in a mouse clonal β-cell, MIN6, under normal glucose, but not high glucose medium. Palmitate elevated baseline cytosolic Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) and reduced depolarization-triggered Ca²⁺ influx likely due to the inactivation of voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels (VGCCs). Targeted reduction of MCU expression using RNA interference abolished mitochondrial superoxide production but exacerbated palmitate-induced [Ca²⁺]_i overload. Consequently, MCU knockdown aggravated blockage of autophagic degradation. In contrast, co-treatment with verapamil, a VGCC inhibitor, prevented palmitate-induced basal [Ca²⁺]_i elevation and defective [Ca²⁺]_i transients. Extracellular Ca²⁺ chelation as well as VGCC inhibitors effectively rescued autophagy defects and cytotoxicity. These observations suggest enhanced mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uptake via MCU upregulation is a mechanism by which pancreatic β-cells are able to alleviate cytosolic Ca²⁺ overload and its detrimental consequences.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.595-605
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• 2006

본 논문은 모바일 상에서 GPS와 전자지도를 이용하여 차량 및 이동물체의 위치를 실시간 및 시뮬레이션 동작 모드로 전자지도상에 보여주는 시스템을 구현하였다 또한, 모바일 단말기 일종의 하나인 PDA에 부착되어 있는 카메라를 통하여 입력되는 차량을 자동으로 인식, 검증하는 모바일 영상처리 기술을 이용하여 차량 번호를 검출하고 무선 통신망을 통해 원격 서버에 차량의 위치와 모바일 단말기의 위치 정보를 함께 전송함으로써 GPS에 의하여 지형 및 위치 정보를 측정하고 PDA와 무선 통신을 이용하여 실시간으로 전송함으로써 차량의 정보를 효과적으로 획득할 수 있다. 이는 위치 정보의 획득과 차량의 위치를 실시간으로 중앙관제소에 전송하고 이를 도면화한다. GPS에 의한 위치정보획득과 PDA에 의한 영상처리를 활용하여 정확한 차량의 위치 및 위치정보를 측정하고 중앙관제소로 전송하여 관제소에서 차량의 유형, 이상여부 및 위치 정보를 실시간으로 획득하여 각종 정보에 이용하며, 이러한 특성 정보를 통해 적합한 위치를 추적이 가능한 임베디드형 시스템을 구현한다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2010

콘크리트 구조물은 시간 경과에 따라 화학적인 물질에 노출되거나, 염해, 중성화 등으로 인하여 콘크리트표면 결손 등이 발생하고 이에 따라 수명이 단축되는 현상이 발생할 수 있다. 특히 황산염 침식의 경우 표면 결손이 급격하게 발생하고 이에 따른 수분의 침투에 의하여 보강 재료로 사용되는 철근의 부식이 발생함에 따라 구조적으로 안정성이 하락하는 특성을 보이고 있다. 본 연구는 시멘트계 보수재의 가장 큰 단점중의 하나인 내산성의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 알루미노실리게이트를 적용한 내산모르타르에 관한 물리적 특성을 시험을 통하여 연구하였으며 시험결과 압축강도 및 휨강도의 경우 동등한 강도를 발현하였으며, 황산용액에 침지하여 중량변화를 관찰한 내산성의 경우 시멘트계 단면복구재가 80% 이상의 중량 변화를 나타내는 반면 시험시료의 경우에는 4% 정도의 중량결손이 발생하여 내산성에 효과적인 특성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 알루미노실리케이트류를 첨가한 내산 모르타르의 특성이 우수한 것으로 나타나 산에 의한 침식 등이 우려되는 곳에 단면복용재료로서 효과적인 특성을 발휘할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2014

Purpose - This study was based on a theoretical consideration of the structural relationship between the support and control of the franchisor and the satisfaction and strategic response (voice, loyalty, exit, neglect) of the franchisee. First, based on the preceding research, this study systematically organized the type of support and control of the franchisor. Second, the study examined the effects of a franchisor's support and control on the expectancy disconfirmation between affiliated franchisees' expectations before a franchise agreement and performance after operating an affiliated store. Third, the study looked into the effects of expectancy disconfirmation relating to a franchisor's support and control on an affiliated franchisees' general satisfaction. Fourth, this study examined the influence of the general satisfaction of a franchisee on affiliated franchisees' response strategies. Research design, data, and methodology - In this study, the population comprised the nation's franchisors, and the sample comprised franchisees conducting business in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. A self-administered questionnaire was used; the author and examiner explained the study's parameters to the interviewees in advance, to lessen the rate of rejection of the answers and to maintain reliability. The author distributed 350 copies of the questionnaire and collected 327 copies (93.4%). The author removed 54 copies of the sample, as these copies belonged to franchisees that were not registered by the Fair Trade Commission and/or were thought to have either defects or inadequate answers. The author selected an effective sample of 273 copies to enter data and to do the statistical analysis. Results - Both a reliability analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis were performed to measure reliability and validity, and a structural equation model was used to conduct the hypothesis test and investigate the models. The hypothesis was tested (Table 5). The models had a suitable fit, for instance, χ² = 447.663(df = 212, p = .000), χ²/df = 2.112, GFI = .881, AGFI = .858, RMR = .083, RMSEA = .067, NFI = .932, and CFI = .961. The hypothesis test results were as follows. Hypothesis 1 was accepted (C.R. = -2.339, p = .019). Hypothesis 2 was accepted (C.R. = 15.213, p = .000). Hypothesis 3 was accepted (C.R. = -2.631, p = .006). Hypothesis 4 was accepted (C.R. = 16.271, p = .000). Hypothesis 5 was accepted (C.R. = 2.391, p = .017). Hypothesis 6 was accepted (C.R. = 5.777, p = .000). Hypothesis 7 was accepted (C.R. = 17.153, p = .000). Hypothesis 8 was accepted (C.R. = 24.746, p = .000). Hypothesis 9 was accepted (C.R. = -10.150, p = .000). Hypothesis 10 was accepted (C.R. = -12.124, p = .000). Conclusions - The research results showed that expectations for a franchisor's support and control had a significant influence on expectation disconfirmation in a negative way, whereas the performance of support and control were found to have a significant influence on expectation disconfirmation in a positive way. In addition, the expectation disconfirmation of support and control was found to have a significant influence on satisfaction of franchisees in a positive way. Generally, regarding the research on control, control is found to have a negative influence on the satisfaction of franchisees, but this study proves that control is found to affect it in a positive way through conformity.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 사례분석 및 전문가 조사를 통하여 공사이행보증제도 운영의 문제점을 적시하고 개선방안을 제시하였다. 국가계약법에서는 공사계약에 있어서 계약상대자가 계약상의 의무를 이행하지 못하는 경우 계약상대자를 대신하여 계약상의 의무를 이행할 것을 보증하되, 이를 보증한 기관이 의무를 이행하지 아니하는 경우에는 일정금액을 납부할 것을 보증하는 공사이행보증서 제출을 의무화하고 있다. 현행 정부계약제도는 공사이행보증의 보증사고 시 잔여공사의 규모, 기술적 난이도, 특수공정의 포함 여부 등을 고려하지 않고 보증이행업체에게 일률적으로 당초 입찰공고 공고에서의 입찰참가자격을 요구하고 있다. 그리고 공동도급에서 보증사고가 발생했을 때, 잔존구성원에게 엄격하게 전체 계약에 대한 계약이행요건을 요구하여 많은 문제가 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서 제시한 개선방안은 다음과 같다. 먼저, 보증이행업체 선정에서 잔여공사의 현황을 고려하여 예외적으로 보증이행업체의 자격을 완화해야 한다. 둘째, 공동도급의 경우 잔존 구성원의 계약이행요건을 '해당 계약이행요건'에서 '잔여공사의 계약이행요건'으로 완화시켜야 한다. 셋째, 보증이행공사의 하자담보책임을 원사업자 또는 보증기관이 부담하도록 공사이행보증의 채무범위에 하자담보채무가 포함되도록 개선해야 한다.