• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
• /
• v.4 no.S2
• /
• pp.90-94
• /
• 1995

Defects introduced by Si, Ge preamorphization and their effects on the dopant diffusion and electrical characteristics. Good crystalline quality are obtained after the annealing of Ge ion double implanted samples. The defect clusters under the a/c interface are expected to extend up to the deep in the Si ion implanted samples. The dislocation loops near the junction absorb the interstitial Si atoms resolving from the defect cluster and result in the prevention of enhanced boron diffusion near the tail region of boron profile and show good reverse current charactristics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• autumn
• /
• pp.482-485
• /
• 2002

The boom of housing market lead to build a lot of apartment houses concentrated on the metropolitan area and developing new city in 1980's made 2,000,000 houses. In this time, quality standards could not be satisfied with consumers' desire due to the policy about excessive supply and come from unexpected defects in the complected buildings. In $1980's\~1990's$, It would be performed on the study for defect prevention in apartment houses. It has contributed in no way to the reduction at the rate of the defect outbreak and the solution of consumers' dissatisfaction by flaws. The reason is that the study related defects is not linked and applied by the managing and controlling system, Therefore, the study will be analyzed out defect information occurred on apartment houses of domestic construction and classified by type features. As a result, it will suggest web-based feed-back system for getting systematic information and the practical use.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.94-101
• /
• 2018

Background: Atrophy of muscle and fat often contributes to temporal hollowing after pterional craniotomy. However, the main cause is from the bony defect. Several methods to prevent temporal hollowing have been introduced, all with specific limitations. Autologous bone grafts are most ideal for cranial defect reconstruction. The authors investigated the effectiveness of bony defect coverage and temporal augmentation using pterional craniotomy bone flap. Methods: This study was conducted in 100 patients who underwent brain tumor excision through pterional approach from 2015 to 2016. Group 1 underwent pterional craniotomy with temporal augmentation and group 2 without temporal augmentation. In group 1, after splitting the calvarial bone at the diploic space, the inner table was used for covering the bone defect and as an onlay graft for temporal augmentation. The outcome is evaluated by computed tomography at 1-year follow-up. Results: The mean operative time for temporal augmentation was 45 minutes. The mean follow-up was 12 months. The ratio of temporal thickness of operated side to non-operated side was 0.99 in group 1 and 0.44 in group 2, which was statistically different. The mean visual analogue scale score was 1.77 in group 1 and 6.85 in group 2. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a surgical technique using autologous bone graft for successfully preventing the temporal hollowing and improved patient satisfaction.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 1997

The principle of guided tissue regeneration (GTR), as applied to bone healing, is based on the prevention of connective tissue from entering the bony defect during the healing phase. This allows the slower bone producing cells to migrate into and reproduce bone within the defect. GTR has demonstrated a level of success in regenerating bone defect. Several types of membrane barrier have been utilized to apply this principle in bone regeneration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether improved bone regeneration can be achieved with different membrane barriers ($Gore-Tex^{TM}$membrane, $COLLACOTE^{(R)}$). In the 10 NewZealand white rabbits, full-thickness bone defects on three sites of each rabbit calvaria were made. Experimental group 1 was covered with $COLLACOTE^{(R)}$, and group 2 was covered with $Gore-Tex^{TM}$membrane. Macroscopic, microscopic examinations were made serially on 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 weeks after operation. The results were as follows : 1. Macroscopically, both of experimental group 1, 2 were filled with bone-like mass but the defects of experimental group 1 disclosed markedly thinner than the original bone. 2. Microscopically, the defect of experimental group 1, 2 was filled with bony trabeculae without infection and adverse reaction. But multinucleated giant cell infiltration around $COLLACOTE^{(R)}$ was seen till 6th week. 3. Resorption of $COLLACOTE^{(R)}$ started from 3rd week and it was completely resorped on the 12th week.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.27 no.12
• /
• pp.989-994
• /
• 1994

Between January 1986 and August 1993, 11 patients underwent surgical repair of ventricular septal defect [VSD] complicated with myocardial infarction. The ages of patients were ranged from 22 years to 83 years with a mean of 64 years. There were 8 male and 3 female patients. The preoperative cineangiograms of all patients were reviewed to measure both ventricular function and to evaluate coronary artery disease. The mean time interval between occurance of VSD and operation was 13 days. The operations were performed as soon as possible if there were hemodynamic derangement. Postmyocardial infarction VSD were repaired simultaneuously with coronary artery bypass graft in 3 patients, repaired with left ventricular aneurysmectomy in 6 patients, with left ventricular thrombectomy in 1 patient and with mitral valve chordae repair in 1 patient. There was no early death [within 30 days]. There were 6 postoperative complications; one with perioperative myocardial infarction, two with recurred VSD on postoperative 1 and 6 days respectively, two with lower leg embolism associated with intraaortic balloon pump insertion, one with wound infection. Of the complicated patients, 1 patient with lower leg embolism performed left above ankle amputation. Among two patients with recurred ventricular septal defect, one patient is doing well without problem. On follow up echocardiogram, the residual VSD was occluded completely. However another patient was with recurred VSD died 3 months after the operation because of congestive heart failure. Of the long term survivors, all patients are in NEW YORK Heart Association functional Class I or II. Although number of patients were small, our results of surgical closure of postmyocardial infarction VSD were favored to the others. Moreover, seven patients with preoperative cardiogenic shock among 11 were performed early operation after diagnosis of ventricular septal rupture. All of the patients were survived and doing well during the follow up period. Therefore early diagnosis with aggressive preoperative care with intraaortic balloon pumping and early operation seems to be very important for prevention of deterioration of vital organ.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2015

Construction defects are major components that result in cost overruns and schedule delays in construction projects. There have been extensive research efforts to investigate the cause of defects. However, little effort has been devoted to analyze correlation among various reasons of construction defects while a defect is not usually an outcome of a single cause, but rather occurs when several interrelated causes combine. Based on this recognition, this paper analyzes 831 nonconformity reports collected from 30 construction projects in Korea from 2011 to 2014. The correlation analysis revealed that a significant portion of construction defects occurred in the procurement and construction phase and as the pattern of function defect and installation defect. Triggered by human error, defective material and faulty method, these defects are treated by conccession, repair, rework that can significantly lower the cost and schedule performance. This paper is significant in terms of providing a theoretical basis for analyzing correlation among various reasons of construction defects and quantitative measures for establishing effective defect prevention strategies.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.110-119
• /
• 1999

The principle of guided tissue regeneration (GTR), as applied to bone healing, is based on the prevention of connective tissue from entering the bony defect during the healing phase. This allows the slower bone producing cells to migrate into and reproduce bone within the defect. The principle of guided tissue regeneration has demonstrated a level of success in regenerating bone defect. Several types of membrane barrier, each one with distinct properties, have been utilized to apply this principle in bone regeneration. The purpose of this study is to introduce and discuss the attributes of rubber dam as a barrier membrane and evaluate whether improved bone regeneration can be achieved by GTR using rubber dam. In the 15 New Zealand white rabbits, full-thickness bone defects on three sites of each rabbit calvaria were made. Non membrane group served as a control and experimental group 1 was covered with rubber dam and group 2 covered with Gore-Tex$^{TM}$ membrane. Macroscopic, radiographic, microscopic examinations were made serially on 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 weeks after operation. The results were as follows: 1. Macroscopically, the control site was collapsed and filled with connective tissue throughout the experimental period. But the defects of experimental groups 1 and 2 were filled with bone-like mass and showed the hard consistency on palpation. 2. Radiographically, the early new bone formation appeared similarly from the host bone in groups 1 and 2. 3. Microscopically, there were much connective tissue at the central part of control site but the defect of group 1 and 2 was filled with the mature bony trabeculae on the 12th week. This results suggest that rubber dam can be effectively used as a barrier membrane for guided bone regeneration.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.50 no.1
• /
• pp.10-16
• /
• 2023

Background The chest wall defects can be caused by various reasons. In the case of malignant tumor resection of the chest wall, it is essential to reconstruct the chest wall to cover the vital tissue and restore the pulmonary function with prevention of paradoxical motion. With our experience, we analyzed and evaluated the results and complications of the chest wall reconstructions followed by malignant tumor resection. Methods From 2013 to 2022, we reviewed a medical record of patients who received chest reconstruction due to chest wall malignant tumor resection. The following data were retrieved: patients' demographic data, tumor type, type of operation, method of chest wall reconstruction of the soft and skeletal tissue and complications. Results There were seven males and six female patients. The causes of reconstruction were 12 primary tumors and one metastatic carcinoma. The pathological types were seven sarcomas, three invasive breast carcinoma, and three squamous cell carcinomas. The skeletal reconstruction was performed in six patients. The series of the flap were eight pedicled latissimus dorsi (LD) myocutaneous flaps, two pectoralis major myocutaneous flap, two vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous free flap, and one LD free flap. Among all the cases, only one staged reconstruction and successful reconstruction without flail chest. Most of the complications were atelectasis. Conclusion In the case of accompanying multiple ribs and sternal defect, skeletal reconstruction would need skeletal reconstruction to prevent paradoxical chest wall motion. The flap for soft tissue defect be selected according to defect size and location of chest wall. With our experience, we recommend the reconstruction algorithm for chest wall defect due to malignant tumor resection.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.527-530
• /
• 2006

오늘날 많은 기업들이 납기 단축, 비용 절감 및 효율적인 프로세스 관리 등을 위해 소프트웨어 프로세스 모델 및 표준을 도입하고 있다. 이러한 표준들은 유지보수 과정에서 빈번하게 발생하는 장애를 혁신적으로 감소시켜 안정적 서비스 제공을 한다. 본 논문에서는 CMMI에서 요구되는 프로세스를 좀 더 자세히 체계화하여 CMMI 인증을 받은 금융회사의 장애분석을 통하여 장애의 원인들을 파악하고 이에 대한 개선된 프로세스를 제안하고자 한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.422-426
• /
• 1994

Recently, we experienced one case of multiple ribs fracture with large chest wall defects. This patient was treated with internal fixation of ribs by use of Judet`s struts and reconstruction of chest wall defects by use of Teflon mesh. Postoperative outcome was satisfactory result and its advantages were reduced duration of operation, prevention of pulmonary herniation and reduced risk of postoperative infection.