• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.11-37
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• 2000

This is a study on the methods of decocting prescriptions in SANGHANRON (傷寒論), and after this, numbers of results have been obtained. SANGHANRON was written by Chang-Ki (張機) in the 2nd century, so it reflexes the usage of prescriptions of previous age indirectly. And gave affects on the methods of decocting prescriptions to the oriental medicine doctors of next generation.Berore Han-DYnasty(漢代), there were not so many publications connected with Oriental Medicine. Besides, some books couldn't hand down to next generation due to the gap of time and space. As time goes by, letters in medical books changed little by little, so contents connected with decocting methods changed too. The effects of decoction and herb tea can be changed by the flexibility of methods of decocting medicines, so we have to decide what kinds of decocting methods should be taken and adapted to patients by the most effective way.In SANGHANRON, there are many kiny kinds of boiling methods, so DHAMG-Ki selected the most appropriate method considering deree and position of disease and condition of patient. But nowadays, due to inconvenient procedure of boiling and taking medicines, some methos are not in common in clinical medicin. So this study was started to look back upon the changes of decocting prescriptions and gave deffort to find out the propriety of variation of boiling prescriptions.The common method of decocting prescriptions in SANGHANRON is boiling down all the herbs at the same time. Except the commom method, there are some kinds of other methods - boiling down twice the prescription, boiling down some special herbs earlier of later than other herbs, complicated or special boiling methods of extract, etc. These kinds of decoting methods simplified as time pass by, but this expected therapeutic value. So we have to distinguish the methods -though complicated and troublesome- in clinical medicine to make perfection more perfect in treating patients, and further studies have to be followed to prove the propriety of these complicated methods.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.37-41
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to assume the size of sliced piece, daily dose and extracting Method of Rhubarb in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases.Methods : I contrast results of recent studies with assuming results based on original text of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases.Results : Daily dose was 6, 4 or 2 Ryang in case of cutting Rhubarb in bean-size. These prescriptions were decocted with water or sinked in boiled water. Another daily doses were large baduk-piece size 6 units and baduk-piece size 6 units in case of cutting Rhubarb in size bigger than bean. The former was used in adding to the Jisilchijasi-tang in case of constipation, the latter was used in Sihogayonggolmoryeo-tang and Jeodang-tang. The size of large baduk-piece was 2.32 cm in width, 4.64 cm in length, 4.3 g in weight, and the length and weight of baduk-piece was half of that was. Two sizes of Rhubarbs were sunk in water for 12 hours. After decocting the other ingredients, mixed Rhubarb extraction and Rhubarb, and then boiled it for 1 minute.Conclusions : From this study, daily dose of Rhubarb was 6, 4 or 2 Ryang and the 6 pieces of large baduk-piece or baduk-piece are respectively 4 or 2 Ryang. The extracting methods was decocting, sinking in boiled water for short time, sinking in water for long time and then mixing these with other decocted solution.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2010

High performance liquid chromatographic method with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) has been performed for the simultaneous determination of four marker constituents, paeoniflorin, trans-cinnamic acid, schisandrin and glycyrrhizin in traditional herbal medicinal preparation, So-Cheong-Ryong-Tang (SCRT). The presence of paeoniflorin, trans-cinnamic acid, schisandrin and glycyrrhizin in this decoction was ascertained by retention time, spiking with each authentic standard, UV spectrum and ESI mass spectrum. All four compounds showed good linearity ($r^2$ > 0.998) in a relatively wide concentration ranges. The RSD for intra-day and inter-day precision was less than 3% and the limits of detection (LOD) were less than 30 ng. The mean recovery of each compound was 94.1-113.0% with RSD values less than 3.0%. These results suggest that the developed HPLC method is simple, effective and could be readily utilized as a quality control method for commercial SCRT products.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2021

Objects : In this study, I aimed to determine the size and administration Method of pills preparation in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases. Methods : I investigated the Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases, Newly Revised Materia Medica, Variorum of the Classic of Materia Medica, The Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia, and recent studies. Results : There were four kinds of pills preparation. Each size of pill preparation was equal to the Odongja, Tanwhan, Yolk, and quarter of daily dosage of Decoction. One pill of Tanwhan was equivalent to 16 pills of Odongja, and one Yolk was equal to 40 pills of Odongja. The Diameter of Odongja was 6.5 mm, Tanwhan was 16.37897 mm, and Yolk was 22.11484 mm. Jeodangwhan was equal to one quarter daily dosage of Jeodangtang. Maximum size to swallow with water was Odongja and daily dosage, which was 16 pills, includes one square-inch-spoon of powder preparation. When we made the pill preparation, it is difficult to make 16 pills using one square-inch-spoon of powder. Therefore, Zhang Zhongjing made one dosage started from 10 pills to 20 pills to find out optimum dose. Due to the difficulty of making precise size of pills and considerable amount of daily dosage, there was no smaller size than Odongja. When the size of Pill preparation was larger than Odongja, it was ground or boiled slightly to make suspensions. Conclusions : These results suggest that the sizes of Pill preparation in the Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases were true compared with reality.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.59-71
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• 2022

Objective : This study examines the historical changes of Ssangwha-'tang', traditional restorative medicine, to a type of tea in tea rooms(Da-bang) named Ssangwha-'cha' in the modern era in South Korea. The goal is to understand how traditional Korean medical culture has been related to the food culture of everyday life. Method : We analyzed traditional medical texts, newspaper articles and advertisements, literary works, and folk song lyrics in which Ssangwha-tang and Ssangwha-cha are mentioned. Results : Ssangwha-tang used to be mentioned as a medicine to tonify 'Yang' energy(Bo-yang) in traditional medical texts from the late Goryeo dynasty to the mid-Joseon dynasty. Since the late Joseon dynasty, it has also been prescribed for cold, as the tonifying method(Bo-beop) gradually prevailed from the royal family to the public. Since then, Ssangwha-tang has been more popular with the public, with the emergence of the patent medicine(Mae-yak) market since the Opening port period and the Colonial period. As the number of Da-bang sharply increased nationwide amid the period of the country's liberation, Ssangwha-tang has been included in the Da-bang menu served as Ssangwha-cha, corresponding to the increasing demands of the public and government policy that tends to favor traditional beverages over coffee. Conclusion : The historical process in which Sssangwha-tang, a type of herbal medicine, became also considered as tea, Ssangwha-cha, provides an example of how Korean traditional medical culture emphasizing the tonification of the body is interconnected with the daily lives of the public and food culture.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.27-35
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze Korean domestic patents on aconiti ciliare radix and to identify the trend of aconitum tuber technology. Methods: To analyze the patent, a combinations of words such as "aconitum" or "korean aconite root" were used in search engine Kipris(www.kirpis.or.kr). The patents of aconiti ciliare radix were analyzed in three ways: year trend analysis, internatonal patent classification (IPC) code analysis related to content classification, and patent registration status analysis. Results: Among the patents found in the search results, 17 patents with significant contents were analyzed. Results showed that, first, patents were steadily registered until 2018, but recently there has been no new patent registration. Second, there were many patents related to efficacy verification and decoction method, and the number of IPC codes related to them was also high. Third, there are five patents maintaining the registration status, and they are patents related to the aconiti ciliare radix extraction method, toxicity removal, and combination method. Conclusions: In this study, the domestic patents of aconiti ciliare radix were analyzed. The analysis results of this study are expected to be exploited as basic data for the development of Korean medicine analgesics with fewer side effects by suppressing tuber toxicity and the creation of new medical technologies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.206-214
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• 2018

This study was conducted from August 2017 to May 2018. Beer was prepared by different ratio of rice and malt and different types of beer, and quality analysis were conducted. The ratio of rice and malt was divided into 0:100 (S0), 20:80 (S1), 40:60 (S2), 60:40 (S3) and 80:20 respectively. We compared the characteristics of the mashing methods(infusion and decoction method) and investigated the characteristics of different types of beer (lager, ale, wheat beer) using yeast (bottom and top yeast). Even with different ratios of rice and malt, normal infusion time was observed and the iodine test was confirmed to be normal. Also, the mashing proceeded normally and the sugar content of the primary wort was between $21.0{\sim}21^{\circ}brix$. In mashing method, the mash concentration, color and flavor of wort were the highest in the three mash method(decoction method). During the fermentation period of beer, the sugar content, pH and yeast number did not differ significantly depending on the ratio of rice and malt, and the type of yeast. Higher alcohol and esters also had no correlation with the ratio of rice to malt, and wheat beer was somewhat higher. The higher the ratio of rice, the more the color intensity(EBC) decreased, the bitter unit(BU) and the preference decreased. When the rice ratio was higher than the malt rate, the degree of preference decreased significantly. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that the rice ratio will be less than the malt ratio and the flavor of the wort will be improved by using the deccoction method. If the malt is supplemented with the use of the special malt and the various hops according to the beer type, it may be helpful to manufacture rice beer.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was aimed to compare Gyejibokryeong-hwan (GBH) decoctions produced using different pressure levels for various extraction times to find the optimal extraction conditions through extraction yield, total soluble solids content (TSSC), hydrogen ion concentration (pH), and the contents of chemical compounds. Methods : Decoctions of GBH were prepared under the pressure levels of 0 or $1kgf/cm^2$ for 30-180 min using water as extraction solvent. The extraction yield, TSSC, and pH were measured, and the amounts of the chemical compounds were determined using high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector. Results : The higher pressure and longer extraction time increased the values of TSSC and extraction yield, while decreased the pH value. The decoctions produced in 180 min by pressurized method and produced in 150 min by non-pressurized method showed maximum values of extraction yield and TSSC with minimum value of pH. The amounts of chemical compounds showed variations in pressurized and non-pressurized decoction during overall extraction times. The influences of pressure and extraction time on extraction yield, TSSC, pH, and the contents of chemical compounds were confirmed by regression analysis, which showed that all extraction values were significantly affected by at least one of two extraction factors, pressure and extraction time. Conclusions : This study suggests that the pressure and extraction time can significantly affect the extraction efficiency of components from GBH decoctions. However, optimal extraction conditions could not be chosen due to the variation of the amounts of chemical compounds.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2016

Objectives This study was conducted to investigate the management status of extramural herbal dispensary facility, which could serve as a foundation for further research and policy establishment.Method According to herbal dispensary data collected by Ministry of Health and Welfare, 78 sites were confirmed among 1,160 sites which checked extramural herbal dispensary facility. We carried out a survey on them. The survey consisted of 42 questions including general provisions, personnel management, spaces and facilities, equipment and utensils, procedure requirement for production and/or processing.Results From their responses, hygiene was regarded generally admittable. In personnel management, some answers that herbal medicines were prepared not by Korean medicine doctor or pharmacist, but by general worker. On preparation method, dosage frequency and volume were different among preparation facilities. Regarding facility management, prescription inspection was substantially carried out in many extramural preparation facilities, however, some of them was not.Conclusion There was a need for regulation of detailed management including facility, preparation, personnel management, etc., of extramural preparation facility. Furthermore, There was also a need for standardization of procedure on decoction, water management, medicinal herbs management, etc.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.103-116
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• 2012

Objectives : Bangyakhappyeon was classified into three tongs of prescription. When juxtaposed with existing publications on oriental medicine, this composition was considerably original. Due to its ease of searching for diseases and prescription, it has been read by not only doctors and researchers but also among general citizens alike. Based on the fundamentals of Bangyakhappyeon composition, this thesis focused on the thorough research on the prescription of Bupleuri Radix mixture. Methods : 42 prescriptions of Bupleuri Radix mixtures have been divided in to three tongs based on the composition of Bangyakhappyeon. Then, these prescriptions, dosage, and composition were researched and organized. Results : After analyzing the prescription of Bupleuri Radix mixture in the Uibanghwaltu chapter of the Bangyakhappyeon text, the following results were attained. 1. Of the 42 prescriptions of Bupleuri Radix mixtures, jungtong constitutes the most prescription at 30, 8 at hatong, and 4 at sangtong. 2. 42 prescriptions are documented into 18 medical divisions and 44 disease symptoms. 3. After analyzing the prescription dosage of Bupleuri Radix mixture, the dosage of Bupleuri Radix was 3 puns to 4 jeons used in 14 sections. Most use was 1 jeon 14 prescriptions, 33.3% were recorded. 4. Invigorating vital function, catharsis, malaria, mediation method, and clearing away method of Bupleuri Radix have a close relationship with the dosage. 5. The 42 prescriptions formation of using Bupleuri Radix consisted of decoction at 39 prescriptions (92.9%) and the others at 3 prescriptions (7.1%). 6. As a result of researching the component of the prescription of Bupleuri Radix mixture, Sosihotang, Soyosan and Bojungikgitang were used as the basic prescription. Conclusions : prescription of Bupleuri Radix mixture in Uibanghwaltu of Bangyakhappyeon as based on Sosihotang, Soyosan and Bojungikgitang, combined with various oriental medicine was found to treat many kinds of diseases.