• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.181-194
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• 2017

In order to investigate the interface debonding defects detection mechanism between steel tube and concrete core of concrete-filled steel tubes (CFSTs), multi-physical fields coupling finite element models constituted of a surface mounted Piezoceramic Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) actuator, an embedded PZT sensor and a circular cross section of CFST column are established. The stress wave initiation and propagation induced by the PZT actuator under sinusoidal and sweep frequency excitations are simulated with a two dimensional (2D) plain strain analysis and the difference of stress wave fields close to the interface debonding defect and within the cross section of the CFST members without and with debonding defects are compared in time domain. The linearity and stability of the embedded PZT response under sinusoidal signals with different frequencies and amplitudes are validated. The relationship between the amplitudes of stress wave and the measurement distances in a healthy CFST cross section is also studied. Meanwhile, the responses of PZT sensor under both sinusoidal and sweep frequency excitations are compared and the influence of debonding defect depth and length on the output voltage is also illustrated. The results show the output voltage signal amplitude and head wave arriving time are affected significantly by debonding defects. Moreover, the measurement of PZT sensor is sensitive to the initiation of interface debonding defects. Furthermore, wavelet packet analysis on the voltage signal under sweep frequency excitations is carried out and a normalized wavelet packet energy index (NWPEI) is defined to identify the interfacial debonding. The value of NWPEI attenuates with the increase in the dimension of debonding defects. The results help understand the debonding defects detection mechanism for circular CFST members with PZT technique.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2008년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.914-917
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 공동주택 바닥 나무 마루판 공사의 하자 사례를 조사하고 이중 가장 많은 발생빈도를 보이는 들뜸 현상에 대하여 원인분석 및 방지 방안을 검토하고자 하였다. 사례조사 결과 목질마루판 공사에서 하자요인으로써는 마루판 들뜸, 찍힘, 틈새, 갈라짐 등이 나타났고, 극중 마루판 들뜸 현상이 전체 하자비율의 72 %정도로서 가장 큰 문제점으로 나타났다. 마루판 들뜸현상이 발생하는 가장 큰 원인으로써 는 바닥 모르터의 건조수축과 목질마루판의 팽창을 특수 있는데, 모르터의 건조수축의 경우 바닥 모르터를 충분히 건조시키지 않은 상태에서 목질마루판을 시공함으로써 발생하게 되고, 목질 마루판의 팽창의 경우 목재 하지 및 주위 환경의 수분에 영향을 받아 발생하게 된다. 따라서, 목질마루판을 시공하기 전에 바닥 모르터의 양생시간을 충분히 고려하여 (약 4주간) 마루판 시공을 실시하고, 목질 마루판의 함수율이 목재 하지의 함수율로부터 4 %이상 벗어나지 않게 하며 목질마루판의 함수율을 5 % 이내로 관리하게 되면, 목질마루판의 가장 큰 문제점인 마루판 들뜸 현상은 방지할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.583-593
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• 2017

Applications of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for retrofitting, strengthening and repairing concrete structures have been expanded dramatically in the last decade. FRPs have high specific strength and stiffness compared to conventional construction materials, e.g., steel. Ease of preparation and installation, resistance to corrosion, versatile fabrication and adjustable mechanical properties are other advantages of the FRPs. However, there are major concerns about long-term performance, serviceability and durability of FRP applications in concrete structures. Therefore, structural health monitoring (SHM) and damage detection in FRP-retrofitted concrete structures need to be implemented. This paper presents a study on investigating the application of Rayleigh wave for detecting debonding defect in FRP-retrofitted concrete structures. A time-of-flight (ToF) method is proposed to determine the location of a debonding between the FRP and concrete using Rayleigh wave. A series of numerical case studies are carried out to demonstrate the capability of the proposed debonding detection method. In the numerical case studies, a three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model is developed to simulate the Rayleigh wave propagation and scattering at the debonding in the FRP-retrofitted concrete structure. Absorbing layers are employed in the 3D FE model to reduce computational cost in simulating the practical size of the FRP-retrofitted structure. Different debonding sizes and locations are considered in the case studies. The results show that the proposed ToF method is able to accurately determine the location of the debonding in the FRP-retrofitted concrete structure.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2003년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.355-358
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• 2003

The strengthening method with CFS(Carbon Fiber Sheet) to reinforced concrete structures has a fatal defect. Strengthened beams have been almost failed far below their ultimate strength due to interface debonding failure between the surface of concrete and CFS. The purpose of this study is to investigate the failure mechanism and failure behavior of strengthened RC beam using CFS.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.2246-2251
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• 2000

Adhesive bonding repair methods has been used for a number of decades for construction of damaged structures. In order to evaluate the life of cracked aging aircraft structures, the repair technique which uses adhesively bonded boron/epoxy composite patches is being widely considered as a cost-effective and reliable method. But, this repair method contains many shortcomings. One of these shortcomings, debonding is major issue. When the adhesive shear stress increases, debonding is caused at the end of patch and plate interface. And this debonding is another defect except cracks propagation. In this paper, we assess safety at the cracked AI-plate repaired by Br/Epoxy composite patch. Firstly, from the view of fracture mechanics, reduction of stress intensity factors is determined by the variety of patch feature. Secondly, using the elastic analysis and finite element analysis, the distribution of adhesive shear stresses is acquired. Finally, The problem of how to optimize the geometric configurations of the patch has been discussed.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2015

풍력발전기의 핵심 부품인 풍력 블레이드는 예상치 못한 풍 하중과 공력 특성으로 인해 불안전한 상태에 놓여 있다. 그에 따라 필연적으로 발생하는 내부 결함을 검출하기 위해 초음파탐상을 이용한 비파괴검사가 주로 진행되어 왔다. 하지만 블레이드의 소재 특성으로 인해 음향 신호 분석에 따른 문제점이 발생한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 풍력 블레이드 인공결함시험편을 제작후, 능동적 광 적외선열화상 비파괴검사 방법을 이용하여 결함의 크기를 정량화하기 위한 실험을 진행하였다. 100 kW 급 블레이드 내부의 결함 크기 정량화를 위해 알루미늄 켈리브레이션 테이프를 사용하였으며, 게재물(inclusion), 디본딩(debonding), 주름(wrinkle) 결함을 삽입하였다. 실험 결과 모두에서 뚜렷한 결함 검출이 가능하였으며, 결함 크기 정량화 결과 debonding 인공 결함 (${\phi}50.0mm$)에서 최대 98.0%의 정확성을 보였다.

• 전산구조공학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.129-134
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• 1997

탄성 섬유와 점탄성 기지로 구성된 2차원의 단일방향 복합재료에서 발생하는 계면 응력 특이성을 시간영역 경계요소법을 사용하여 조사하였다. 먼저, 아무런 균열없이 섬유와 기지가 완전하게 결합되어 있는 단일방향 복합재료에 횡방향 인장변형이 작용할때 자유경계면 부근에 나타나는 계면 특이응력들을 조사하였다. 그러한 응력들은 섬유와 기지의 결합분리나 계면 모서리 균열을 야기 시킬수 있다. 다음에, 여러가지 크기의 모서리 균열들에 대한 응력확대계수가 계산되었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.863-870
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• 1999

SOI(silicon on insulafor) was fabricated through the direct bonding using (100) Si wafer and 4$^{\circ}$off (100) Si wafer to investigate the stacking faults in silicon at the Si/SiO2 oxidized and bonded interface. The treatment time of wafer surface using MSC-1 solution was varied in order to observe the effect of cleaning on bonding characteristics. As the MSC-1 treating time increased surface hydrophilicity was saturated and surface microroughness increased. A comparison of surface hydrophilicity and microroughness with MSC-1 treating time indicates that optimum surface modified condition for time was immersed in MSC-1 for 2 min. The SOI structure directly bonded using (100) Si wafer and 4$^{\circ}$off (100) Si wafer at the room temperature were annealed at 110$0^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. Then the stacking faults at the bonding and oxidation interface were examined after the debonding. The results show that there were anomalies in the gettering of the stacking faults at the bonded region.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.129-139
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• 1999

본 연구는 콘크리트 구조물의 보강공법으로 널리 쓰이고 있는 강판에 의한 부착식 보강공법의 단점인 단부에서의 강판분리 현상에 대한 보완실험으로 실시되었다. 실험결과 노치가 적용된 강판부착식 공법이 항복하중 이후 최대하중까지의 증가율이 기존의 공법보다 증가되어 구조물의 보강 성능의 개선 및 안전성의 확보 측면에서 크게 개선되었을 뿐만 아니라 균열이나 처짐의 조절측면에서도 우수한 것으로 판명되었다. 이는 강판에 대한 약간의 변형만으로도 구조물의 수명을 연장시킬 수 있다는 장점과 함께 경제적으로도 보강된 구조물에 대한 추가적인 제반 비용의 절감도 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1896-1911
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• 1997

Effects of fiber-matrix interphases on the micro-and macro-mechanical behaviors of unidirectionally fiber-reinforced composites subjected to transverse shear loading at remote distance have been studied. The interphases between fibers and matrix have been modeled by the spring-layer which accounts for continuity of tractions, but allows radial and circumferential displacement jumps across the interphase that are linearly related to the normal and tangential tractions. Numerical calculations for basic cells of the composites have been carried out using the boundary element method. For an undamaged composite the micro-level stresses at the matrix side of the interphase and effective shear stiffness have been computed as functions of fiber volume ratio $V_f$ and interphase stiffness k. Results are presented for various interphase stiffnesses from the perfect bonding to the case of total debonding. For a square array composite the results show that for a high interphase stiffness k>10, an increase of $V_f$ increases the effective transverse shear modulus G over bar of the composite. For a relatively low interphase stiffness k<1, it is shwon that an increase of $V_f$ slightly decreases the effective transverse shear modulus. For the perfect bonding case, G over bar for a hexagonal array composite is slightly larger than that for a square array composite. Also for a damaged composite partially debonded at the interphase, local stress fields and effective shear modulus are calculated and a decrease in G over bar has been observed.