• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.45-51
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• 2014

Purpose - This study aims to explore the success of Lotte Mart in the global market, as well as examining the factors related to its entry methods. Research design, data, and methodology - This study analyzed the differences between Lotte Mart and E-mart in terms of their market entry methods, based on references and secondary data. This study is based on qualitative research that analyzes actual cases. Based on the results, this study analyzed and discussed actual cases based on references and secondary data, including newspaper interviews on Lotte Mart. Results - Lotte Mart succeeded in adapting to local markets it did this by ensuring the use of both mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and greenfield methods. In contrast, E-mart utilized only greenfield methods. Conclusions - The findings of this study may not be generalized to all industries, as only Lotte Mart was examined using the case analysis method. Therefore, the successful market entry modes of various companies should be explored in terms of FDI.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2017

Purpose - Retail companies are turning from one type of retailer to multiple business categories through various reasons, such as taking advantage of existed types of retailers' channel distribution, information and know-how, and entering into new types of retailers. However, there is few research conducted about multiple type of retailers. Research design, data, and methodology - In this research, the references, data and new stores on E-mart will be collected. The dissertation, annual report, statistical data, land-book of E-mart will be also collected to confirm whether E-mart has made any acquisition towards another company. Results - There is a tendency to new stores expansion, store enlargement and prolonging the opening preparation of new stores, based on the core of new stores expansion of E-mart as a general supermarket type of retailers. Based on general supermarket type of retailers, E-mart begins to diversify its retail company's type of retailers. Conclusions - As a general supermarket which is the most important type of retailers, E-mart is expanding into SSM type of retailers to seek new power of growth while slowdown growth is shown in general supermarket type of retailers. The expansion into SSM type of retailers would be a wise option as a retail company, E-mart is able to keep growing in the future.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.47-63
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• 2012

The concept of data warehousing was born in the 1970-80s at the same time when Wal-Mart's growing database gave birth to its need to view records in a more effective way. As the world's largest retail warehouse, Wal-Mart represents the world's largest data warehouse. A large portion of the discussionaround Wal-Mart's database management heretofore has only been process-centric, however, not its data per se. The study largely involves technical concepts around database and takes a deep look at Wal-Mart's chronicle of pre-implementation (preparation), implementation, and post-implementation (evaluation) of the data warehousing project. The highlight underlies how Wal-Mart acted against solving endless problems and was able to gear their data management to business contribution. By revisiting their data warehousing project case from a current point of view, we expect their lessons to be still available and applicable. With the renewed interest in (big) data and business intelligence, Wal-Mart's high respect for data and technology holds a lot more meaning than a couple of decades ago.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.55-63
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• 2018

Purpose - Our Research is a study on the competition structure between retailers in traditional markets. Specifically, this study examined the effects of SSM, commodity supply store, Hanaro mart, food mart and other mart in traditional markets on retail stores of small businesses. The purpose of this study is to provide a solution to the market encroachment of large retailers in traditional markets. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is based on the data of 'Market Survey of Traditional Market·Shopping Mall and Store Management in 2016' and 'Current status of SSM(Super SuperMarket), commodity supply store, Hanaro mart, food mart and other mart in the traditional market in 2017' conducted by Small Enterprise and Market Service. In this study, a multiple regression equation was constructed using the number of SSM, commodity supply store, Hanaro mart, food mart and other mart as an independent variable and sales, number of customers as a dependent variable for analysis. Results - The increase of SSM and commodity supply stores in the traditional market affects the sales decrease of the surrounding small merchants in the traditional market. This means that the SSM and commodity supply stores can lead to the decline of the traditional market. However, it has been found that the penetration of these companies in traditional markets does not affect the number of visitors. Second, Hanaro mart's entry into the traditional market has a negative impact on the sales and visitor numbers of the surrounding small-scale merchants. The increase in the number of food mart has a significant effect on the sales and the number of visitors to the small stores. The results of this study indicate that the food mart can contribute to the revitalization of traditional markets. Lastly, other mart with more than medium size were found to affect the sales of small stores, the number of visitors. Conclusions - We examines the competitive structure among retailers in traditional markets. The penetration of large retailers in traditional markets has a negative impact on traditional markets, particularly Hanaro mart has a greater impact than SSM. We provide practical and theoretical implications for the retail competition structure in traditional markets.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.153-164
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• 2016

Purpose - In general, large companies have larger organizations, funds, and systems to provide more effective and efficient services in the market. However, development needs to support the livelihood of ordinary citizens who work for small businesses as well. This research suggests that a new distribution channel, called a "foothold style Kosa mart," that cooperates jointly with a distribution center and a large discount mart can provide direct solutions to small and mid-size distributors. This new distribution channel can achieve a limited type of "Nadle shop (small supermarket) foster project" related to building a joint distribution center and improvement in wholesale supply. Research design, data, and methodology - Data about the Korea distribution situation, the Nadle stores, and the logistics centers were collected from literature, Statistics Korea, journals, and reports. Specifically, we investigated information about Kosa Mart and Nadle stores. We focused on the redesign of the distribution center for the Nadle store. Results - The Kosa Mart distribution center now includes 18 warehouses, and has been handling 2000-3000 items. Most of the warehouses have been simply designed and items loaded and stored without refrigeration; thus, it is possible to store only products of certain manufactured goods. The current logistics center has no wholesale function because it failed to resolve the joint purchasing and product supply issues of competitively priced products. Conclusions - This study aimed to identify ways to strengthen the competitiveness of small- and medium-sized retailers. A Kosa Mart redesign aims to unifying the logistics center, stores, and customers. First, the joint wholesale logistics system, equipped with an integrated ordering system, needs to process customer orders and store orders at the same time. Second, excellent small business product development has to connect with production. Third, the store composition needs to support a shipping hub. Fourth, the Mart differentiates itself from convenience store goods by supplying regional and specialized products to customers. Fifth, a service buying agent and direct transactions between producers and consumers need to be established, and exhibits and displays of goods need to be improved.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.348-354
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• 2016

Data stored in hospital information systems has a great potential to improve adequacy assessment and quality management. Moreover, an establishment of a data warehouse has been known to improve quality management and to offer help to clinicians. This study constructed a data mart that can be used to analyze antibiotic usage as a part of systematic and effective data analysis of infection control information. Metadata was designed by using the XML DTD method after selecting components and evaluation measures for infection control. OLAP-a multidimensional analysis tool-for antibiotic usage analysis was developed by building a data mart through modeling. Experimental data were obtained from data on antibiotic usage at a university hospital in Cheonan area for one month in July of 1997. The major components of infection control metadata were antibiotic resistance information, antibiotic usage information, infection information, laboratory test information, patient information, and infection related costs. Among them, a data mart was constructed by designing a database to apply antibiotic usage information to a star schema. In addition, OLAP was demonstrated by calculating the statistics of antibiotic usage for one month. This study reports the development of a data mart on antibiotic usage for infection control through the implementation of XML and OLAP techniques. Building a conceptual, structured data mart would allow for a rapid delivery and diverse analysis of infection control information.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.21-30
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• 2012

Purpose - This study aimed to analyze the strategy of late domestic entrants into the Chinese retail market, focusing on the case of Lotte-Mart, given that there are few studies on market entry strategies of domestic retail companies in China. Research Design, data, methodology - The methodology of this paper is a case study approach, focusing on literature reviews and a few interviews. We conducted a survey by disseminating questionnaires and conducting interviews focusing on the Chinese retail market, and analyzed Lotte-Mart's market entry strategy in China. Results - Lotte-Mart chose M&A as the mode of entry, pursuing quick market entry and rapid expansion. It chose small to medium size cities with relatively less competition. Subsequently, Lotte-Mart devoted significant effort towards localization, attempting to organize stores and assorting products to fit the Chinese consumers' preferences. It operated CSR programs to increase its brand awareness and to create a favorable brand image. Conclusions - Lotte-Mart now needs to devise alternative corporate strategies for business expansion and growth. An understanding of the Chinese retail market and the case study analysis of Lotte-Mart's market entry strategy offers significant insights for domestic retail companies looking to expand into China.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.87-106
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• 2013

This study is to explore the airline network patterns of Incheon and Narita International Airports using passenger flight departure and arrival data of the two airports. The so-called Origin-Destination data is collected from the airports' websites and some of the important data items are flight number, city of origin, destination city, departure/arrival time, number of flights, and delay time. A snowflake schema dimensional model is proposed and implemented. Tableau Public, a well-known visual analytic tool, is used to connect the dimensional model and played an important role in navigating the data space to find interesting and visual patterns among corresponding airports and airlines. For the efficiency of analyzing this spacious data mart, data visualization method was used. Four types of visualization method proposed by Yau was used; visualizing patterns over time, visualizing proportions, visualizing relationships, and visualizing spatial relationships. The strength of connectivity of each flight segments is calculated to evaluate the degree of globalization of Seoul and Tokyo. We anticipate that various patterns and new findings produced by the data mart would provide airline managers, airport authorities, and policy makers in the field of travel and transportation with insightful information.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.513-522
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• 2014

Using the assumption that the price of a stock follows a geometric Brownian motion with constant volatility, Black and Scholes (BS) derived a formula that gives the price of a European call option on the stock as a function of the stock price, the strike price, the time to maturity, the risk-free interest rate, the dividend rate paid by the stock, and the volatility of the stock's return. However, implied volatilities of BS method tend to depend on the stock prices and the time to maturity in practice. To address this shortcoming, we estimate the implied volatility function as a function of the strike priceand the time to maturity for data consisting of the daily prices for KOSPI200 call options from January 2007 to May 2009 using support vector regression (SVR), the multiple additive regression trees (MART) algorithm, and ordinary least squaress (OLS) regression. In conclusion, use of MART or SVR in the BS pricing model reduced both RMSE and MAE, compared to the OLS-based BS pricing model.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

This study deals with development of Integrated Transportation Analysis System for Large-scale event. Based on case studies, the requirements of the system were defined and the direction of development was established. The large-scale events that require fast and accurate transportation policy were selected. The data warehouse and data mart were developed by integrating the large-scale event data and the traffic data. Business intelligence system was designed and developed users to allow timely decisions.