• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-31
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• 1995

The radiosurgery treatment is one time, non surgical approach to the treatment of patients with intracranial disorders whose conditions would be difficult or dangerous to treat with conventional sugical procedures. The LINAC based radiosurgery is based on the combination of multiple isocentric arc irradiation with small fields centered in the stereotactic target. The absorption of the beam in a tissue equivalent medium, such as water, as well as the uniformity, or profile, of the beam must be precisely documented. The beam characteristics and dosimetric measurememts of the 6MV X-ray beam from a ML-6M linear accelerator are examined. The percent depth dose (PDD) and beam profile (including flatness, symmetry and penumbra) is calibrated with the radiosurgery cone in water phantom. The cone is made of lead which size is from $10{\times}10mm{\phi}$ to $30{\times}30mm{\phi}$ All of these dosimetric measurements sufficiently characterized the beam to permit safe clinical use.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.64-70
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• 2001

This study suggests fire, explosion safety assessment items and risk assessment technique for underground shopping malls by extracting dangerous elements in the management stage through examination of related accidents, documents and present conditions. This will also suggest importance of seven items to be key indices for a counterplan by classifying characteristics and trends of the large scale, depth and complexity of underground shopping malls.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.659-663
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 산악지역의 돌발홍수에 대비한 경보발령을 위한 한계유량을 산정하는 것이다. 돌발홍수는 강우-유출관계가 비선형적이어서 기존의 선형 강우-유출 해석이 곤란하므로 비선형적 접근 방법이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 지형정보체계(GIS : Geographic Information System)를 이용하여 유역의 지형학적 특성인자와 GIUH 및 GCIUH의 매개변수를 산정함으로써, 유역특성자료의 불확실성을 감소시켰다. 이를 경보발령 체제가 기 설치 운영중인 단양군의 천동계곡에 적용하여 그 적합성을 판단하였다. 여기서, 경보발령을 위한 한계유량은 계곡의 수심이 위험수심(dangerous depth)이라고 판단한 0.5m이상이 될 때의 유량으로 정의하였고, 무강우가 30분간 지속되면 초기화 시키는 과정을 거쳤다. 그 결과 기존의 경보발령 체제와 비교하여 시간당 20mm의 강우량에 대해서는 경보를 발령하지 않으므로 기존에 잦은 경보발령에 의한 주민의 소음피해를 줄일수 있었으며, 시간당 100mm의 강우에 대해서는 2-3분 간격으로 경보를 발령하여 주민의 안전을 도모할수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.29-34
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• 2014

The live line working is inherently dangerous as the workers have to work under the risk of electrical shock and most of works are carried out at height. The live line working need the some specific techniques and higher level safety measures such as a risk assessment to carry out works safely, but the electrical construction companies performed live-line working are usually small-sized companies. They have less capacity to have own safety management system. This study intended to conduct an in-depth analysis on the cause of electric shock accidents to provide basic data for policy proposing taking into considering the past eleven years for a long-term plan. And the aim of this study is to propose the policy about the equipment performance standards and/or worker's safety standards to revise the standards for preventing electric shock accidents, moreover, co-relation of the electrical work order form and on safety workings, especially electrical construction company/work.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.595-600
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• 2004

The EMU wheel is one of the most important component for the vehicle safety. For the tensile, fracture toughness and crack propagation tests, several specimens were collected from actual wheels. FEM ,analysis also was performed on the crack that was assumed to be 15 mm in depth under the wheel tread surface. The stress intensity factors $K_{I}$ and $K_{II}$ at the crack tip under the stress ($P_{max}$ = 911.5 MPa) due to a rolling contact were analyzed for crack growth characteristics. As a result, the perpendicular crack was found to be more dangerous compared to the parallel one.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.175-199
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• 2000

Acupuncture and moxibustion play an important role not only in the medical service and health care of Korea, China and japan but also in those of many western countries such as Germany, France, United States of America. An unexpected results induced by careless acupuncture and moxibustion treatments may be mild or severe, and are due to practitioner's mistake and particular body condition of a patient. This study was performed to establish a preventive measures against medical accident induced by acupuncture therapy. Total 23 acupuncture points which are included in a J${\bar{l}}$n-Zh${\dot{e}}$n-Xu${\acute{e}}$-G${\dot{e}}$ were selected as prohibited acupuncture points. Although the records in J${\bar{l}}$n-Zh${\dot{e}}$n-Xu${\acute{e}}$-G${\dot{e}}$ are an important data historically which show dangerous acupuncture points, there are few a full investigation on J${\bar{l}}$n-Zh${\dot{e}}$n-Xu${\acute{e}}$-G${\dot{e}}$ up to the present. So present study was done for literature review to understand a feasibility of the records in J${\bar{l}}$n-Zh${\dot{e}}$n-Xu${\acute{e}}$-G${\dot{e}}$ in association with dangerous acupuncture points. Based upon the locations of these acupuncture points, the dangerous region were classified three categories, head, soma and limb. And abnormal signs related to the improperly performed acupuncture treatment on each point were investigated by using historical reference books on acupuncture and moxibustion. And then names, locations, depth of insertion, operation methods and side effects of each point were investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.775-782
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• 2021

The Myodo-Strait at Yeosu Port is normally used as a major vessel passage for dangerous cargo carriers that carry regular products of dangerous goods. Currently, the Myodo-Strait allows only single passage, and the speed of passage is also limited to 8 knots. As a result, demurrage at the wharf of hazardous goods are also on the rise. It is expected that the development of a number of dangerous commodity wharf in the future will increase the volume of vessel traffic and increase the number of vessels used in the project area. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the waterway in order to secure the safety of ships using the waterway and improve the demurrage. This study proposed an improvement plan for the waterway through the analysis of the marine environment of the waterway and the process of collecting opinions from users in the sea area. and it was finally proposed to expend the width of the strait to 300m and secure a depth of 9.50m through Guidelines of Port and Harbor Design review and ship handling simulation evaluation. In addition it was evaluated that the vessel traffic congestions at peak-time in the situation of solo passage was greatly improved from 71.01% to 47.3% even when it was allowed to ship's crossing passage, as a result of vessel traffic congestions evaluation. According to the proposed improvement plan, the safety of ships' passage in the project area can be secured, and the issue of demurrage was also considered to be improved.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.20-26
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• 2019

Where hydraulic structures are to be installed over the entire width of a river or stream, usually a bed protection structure is to be installed. However, a local scour occurs in which the river bed downstream of the river protection system is eroded due to the influence of the upstream flow characteristics. This local scour is dominant in the flow and turbulence characteristics at the boundary of the flow direction and in the material of the bed materials, and may gradually become dangerous over time. Therefore, in this study, we compared the turbulence patterns in the local scour hole at the downstream of the river bed protection with the results of the analysis of the mobile bed experiment, and compared with the application of OpenFoam, a three dimensional numerical analysis model. The distribution of depth-averaged relative turbulence intensities along the flow direction was analyzed. In addition to this result, the stabilization of scour hole was compared with the bed shear stress and Shields parameter, and the results were compared by changing the initial turbulent flow conditions. From the results, it was confirmed that the maximum depth of generation of the three-stage was dominantly developed by the magnitude of depth-averaged relative turbulence intensity rather than the mean flow velocity. This result also suggests that design, construction or gate control are needed to control the depth-averaged relative turbulence intensities in order to reduce or prevent the local scour faults that may occur in the downstream part of the bed protection.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.690-700
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• 2013

Purpose: Liver transplantation (LT) is the best treatment for patients with end-stage liver disease and most patients with LT return to their normal life. However, pregnancy and childbirth for women with LT are less common, mainly because it is considered to be dangerous for their health. The purpose of this study was to describe how Korean women after LT experience their pregnancy and childbirth. Methods: This study was designed to explore the experiences of pregnancy and childbirth of women with LT. Data were collected by individual in-depth interviews with four women who were pregnant and gave birth following LT in 2009. All interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. The transcribed data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Four themes emerged as a result of analysis: recovery of lost feminity and marriage; fulfilling roles through pregnancy; life-risking pregnancy; and perfect family achieved by childbirth. These themes describe in detail about challenges and concerns the women with LT faced for their pregnancy and childbirth as well as many emotionally touching experiences. Conclusion: The results of this study would support health professionals to be better prepared to help women with LT for pregnancy and childbirth by providing in-depth and insightful information.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.22 no.2 s.80
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• pp.8-14
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• 2007

In this study, tensile and fatigue crack propagation tests machined from actual wheels were performed. FEM analysis also was performed on the crack that was assumed to be 15 mm in depth under the wheel tread surface. The stress intensity factors K I and K II at the crack tip under the stress($P_{max}=911.5MPa$) due to a rolling contact were analyzed for crack growth characteristics. As a result, the perpendicular crack was found to be more dangerous compared to the parallel one. It is found that in the wheel fatigue crack, parallel to the wheel tread surface, the crack with its length 2a = 2.4mm starts to propagate due to the fact that the effective stress intensity factor access to the threshold stress intensity factor($K_{th}=16.04MPa{\sqrt{m}}$) of the wheel.