• 제목/요약/키워드: dairy goats

검색결과 108건 처리시간 0.029초

Novel Nucleotide Variations, Haplotypes Structure and Associations with Growth Related Traits of Goat AT Motif-Binding Factor (ATBF1) Gene

  • Zhang, Xiaoyan;Wu, Xianfeng;Jia, Wenchao;Pan, Chuanying;Li, Xiangcheng;Lei, Chuzhao;Chen, Hong;Lan, Xianyong
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제28권10호
    • /
    • pp.1394-1406
    • /
    • 2015
  • The AT motif-binding factor (ATBF1) not only interacts with protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) (PIAS3) to suppress STAT3 signaling regulating embryo early development and cell differentiation, but is required for early activation of the pituitary specific transcription factor 1 (Pit1) gene (also known as POU1F1) critically affecting mammalian growth and development. The goal of this study was to detect novel nucleotide variations and haplotypes structure of the ATBF1 gene, as well as to test their associations with growth-related traits in goats. Herein, a total of seven novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (SNP 1-7) within this gene were found in two well-known Chinese native goat breeds. Haplotypes structure analysis demonstrated that there were four haplotypes in Hainan black goat while seventeen haplotypes in Xinong Saanen dairy goat, and both breeds only shared one haplotype (hap1). Association testing revealed that the SNP2, SNP5, SNP6, and SNP7 loci were also found to significantly associate with growth-related traits in goats, respectively. Moreover, one diplotype in Xinong Saanen dairy goats significantly linked to growth related traits. These preliminary findings not only would extend the spectrum of genetic variations of the goat ATBF1 gene, but also would contribute to implementing marker-assisted selection in genetics and breeding in goats.

Effect of Formaldehyde Treated Rape Seed Oil Cake Based Diet Supplemented with Molasses on Growth Rate and Histopathological Changes in Goats

  • Sahoo, B.;Walli, T.K.;Sharma, A.K.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제19권7호
    • /
    • pp.997-1003
    • /
    • 2006
  • An experiment with twenty crossbred goat kids (male) of 2-3 months old, weighing about 12 kg was conducted to study the effect of feeding formaldehyde treated rape seed oil cake based diet supplemented with molasses on growth rate and histopathological changes of different organs. Goats were randomly divided into four groups of 5 animals each and were individually fed for a period of 120 days. The animals in group I (URC) and II (URCM) were fed concentrate mixture (CM-I) containing untreated rape seed oil cake (30%) while, the animals in group III (TRC) and IV (TRCM) were offered concentrate mixture (CM-II) containing formaldehyde treated rape seed oil cake. Further, molasses as energy source was additionally supplemented with the concentrate mixture at the rate of 8% of concentrate mixture on dry matter basis to animals in group II and IV. All the animals were maintained on roughage (Berseem hay:wheat straw = 2:1) and concentrate in 50:50 ratio. Average daily gain (g/d) of animals in group IV was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that in group I., but at par with group II and III. Feed conversion efficiency was also significantly (p<0.05) higher in group IV (10.14) than group I and II but at par with group III. The growth rate however increased by 50.2% in group IV showing more consistency in maintaining highest growth rate due to better balance of nutrients. At the end of four months of feeding trial, two animals from each group were sacrificed for histopathological study of different organs. Significant histopathological changes in liver, heart, lungs tissue of animals fed untreated rape seed oil cake diet were recorded which were totally absent in the organ of animals fed formaldehyde treated cake. The liver tissue of goats receiving control diet (containing untreated rape seed oil cake) were found to be associated with engorged central vein and blood vessels. Hepatocytes were swollen, pale and degenerated with cellular infiltration and fibrosis of portal areas. The muscles of heart were found to have intermyofibral edema. Emphysema accompanied by dilated and ruptured alveoli was also recorded in lung tissue. However, histopathological examination of various tissues of goats fed formaldehyde treated cake diet did not exhibit any degenerative changes. Additional supplementation of molasses with or without treated cake diet, apparently did not have any significant effect on ameliorating the above degenerative changes.

Mineral Metabolism in Singleton and Twin-pregnant Dairy Goats

  • Harter, C.J.;Castagnino, D.S.;Rivera, A.R.;Lima, L.D.;Silva, H.G.O.;Mendonca, A.N.;Bonfim, G.F.;Liesegang, A.;St-Pierre, N.;Teixeira, I.A.M.A.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제28권1호
    • /
    • pp.37-49
    • /
    • 2015
  • During pregnancy, the maternal body undergoes significant physiological changes. The present study assessed the changes on calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) metabolism in singleton and twin-pregnant dairy goats. The 42 goats used ($49.5kg{\pm}7.6$ body weight [BW]) were assigned at random to treatments that were factorially arranged to account for 2 breeds (Oberhasli and Saanen), 2 pregnancy types (singleton and twin) and 3 gestation periods (80, 110, and 140 days). Digestibility trials were performed at 80, 110, and 140 days of gestation. Mineral retention during pregnancy was determined in the maternal body, femur, uterus, mammary gland, fetus and fetal fluid. Blood samples were taken during pregnancy before and after a meal, and Ca, P, Mg, Na, K ions and alkaline phosphatase activity determined in serum. Bone mineral density was determined in the right femur. Statistical analyses were performed using the SAS MIXED procedure. Dry matter intake decreased linearly up to 140 days of gestation. Maternal BW gain, and Ca, P, and Mg retention (g/kg) decreased linearly with the advance of gestation days. Macromineral retention in maternal body (g/kg) was greater in Oberhasli than Saanen goats, and their fetuses had higher Ca, P, and Mg deposition (mg/g). Mineral retention (mg/g) increased in fetuses according to pregnancy development, with no differences between singleton and twin pregnancy. In the mammary gland, the retention of all minerals (g) increased with the days of pregnancy. In conclusion, related to Ca, P, and Mg metabolism can be divided into two stages. Up to 80 days of gestation, was characterized by the preparation of the maternal body reserves for future mineral demands. From 80 days of gestation onward, was characterized by the transfer of maternal body reserves for fetal development and colostrum production. Na and K supply was provided by adjustments in endogenous excretion and an increase in intestinal absorption. Finally, mineral metabolism was specific to each genotype and, except for Na, was not affected by the number of fetuses.

Characterization of Bioactive Sialyl Oligosaccharides Separated from Colostrum of Indonesia Dairy Goat

  • Taufik, Epi;Arief, Irma Isnafia;Budiman, Cahyo;Wibisono, Yusuf;Noviyanto, Alfian
    • 한국축산식품학회지
    • /
    • 제42권3호
    • /
    • pp.426-440
    • /
    • 2022
  • The bioactive functions of oligosaccharides from human milk have been reported by many studies. Many of oligosaccharides isolated from colostrum and/or milk of dairy animals have been reported to have similar chemical structures with those in human colostrum and/or milk. It has been proved by several studies that the oligosaccharides with similar chemical structure shared common bioactivities. Among domesticated dairy animals, bovine/cattle, caprine/goat, and ovine/sheep are the most commonly used species to isolate oligosaccharides from their colostrum and/or milk. Several studies on the oligosaccharides from goat colostrum and milk have revealed similar properties to that of human milk and possess the highest content of sialyl oligosaccharides (SOS) as compared to other ruminants. Indonesia ranks first in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) for goat milk production. Therefore, goat milk is the second most consumed milk in the country. The most reared dairy goat breed in Indonesia is Etawah Grade. However, oligosaccharides from Indonesia dairy animals including goat, have not been characterized. This is the first study to characterize oligosaccharides from Indonesia dairy animals. The present study was aimed to isolate and characterize oligosaccharides, specifically SOS from the colostrum of Etawah Grade goats by using proton/1H-nuclear magnetic resonance. The SOS successfully characterized in this study were: Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (3'-N-acetylneuraminyllactose), Neu5Ac(α2-6)Gal(β1-4)Glc (6'-N-acetylneuraminyllactose), Neu5Gc(α2-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (3'-N-glycolylneuraminyllactose), Neu5Gc(α2-6)Gal(β1-4)Glc (6'-N-glycolylneuraminyllactose), Neu5Ac(α2-6)Gal(β1-4) GlcNAc (6'-N-acetylneuraminyllactosamine) and Neu5Gc(α2-6)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc (6'-N-glycolylneuraminyllactosamine). This finding shows that Etawah Grade, as a local dairy goat breed in Indonesia, is having significant potential to be natural source of oligosaccharides that can be utilized in the future food and pharmaceutical industries.

한국재래산양(韓國在來山羊)의 사육(飼育)에 관련(關聯)된 몇 가지 요인(要因)들에 관(關)한 조사(調査) (A Survey on Some Factors Related to the Rearing of the Korean Native Goat)

  • 김용국
    • 농업과학연구
    • /
    • 제11권1호
    • /
    • pp.108-113
    • /
    • 1984
  • 한국재래산양(韓國在來山羊)의 사육시(飼育時)에 고려(考慮)해야 될 몇 가지 요인(要因)에 관(關)한 내용(內容)을 일부 산양(山羊) 사육(飼育) 목장(牧場)을 대상(對象)으로 2개년(個年) 간(間)에 걸쳐 조사(調査)를 실시(實施)하고 그 결과(結果)를 다음과 같이 요약(要約)하였다. l. 자(雌) 산양(山羊)의 이유(離乳) 후(後)에 1년간(年間)의 증체량(增體量)은 최고(最高) 55.19g, 최저(最低) 30.1g, 그리고 평균(平均) 4l.9g으로 나타났다. 2. 시중(市中) 구입(購入) 산양(山羊)의 육성시(育成時)에, 생존양(生存羊)의 구입시(購入時) 체량(體量)은 평균(平均) 8.07kg이였고 사망양(死亡羊)의 체량(體量)은 평균 5.89kg이였다. 3. 산양(山羊)의 분만월(分娩月)은 년중(年中) 비교적 일정(一定)하게 분포(分布) 되었고 산자수(産仔數)는 초산양(初産羊)에서 1.2두(頭), 2산양(産羊)에서는 2.0두(頭)로 나타났다. 4. 양질(良質)의 야건초(野乾草)를 주(主)로 섭취(攝取)한 초임양(初妊羊)의 평균(平均) 건물섭취량(乾物攝取量)은 체량(體量)의 2.87%였고, 평균(平均) 건물소화율(乾物消化率)은 62.91%로 나타났다. 5. 관목류(灌木類)를 주(主)로 섭취(攝取)한 육성중(育成中)인 자양(雌羊)의 평균(平均) 건물섭취량(乾物攝取量)은 체중(體重)의 3.92%였고, 평균(平均) 건물소화율(乾物消化率)은 47.07%로 나타났다. 6. 가을철에 제조(製造)한 관목류(灌木類) 및 야초(野草)의 기호성(嗜好性)은 칡이 총(總) 사료섭취량(飼料攝取量)의 65.14%로 가장 높았고 억새는 거의 섭취(攝取)하지 않았다.

  • PDF

경북 동부지역 젖소 및 한우의 요네병 감염실태 조사 (Seroprevalence of paratuberculosis of dairy cattle and Korean cattle in Eastern-Gyeongbuk area)

  • 이선미;김미숙;장영술;전령훈;박노찬
    • 한국동물위생학회지
    • /
    • 제32권2호
    • /
    • pp.171-176
    • /
    • 2009
  • Johne's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of cattle, sheep, goats and other ruminants, and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the etiologic agent of this disease. Many studies have been carried out on paratuberculosis from daily cattle and Korean native cattle in multiple areas around nation, but there is no report in Eastern-Gyeongbuk area. The purpose of this study is to investigate the seroprevalence of bovine paratuberculosis in Eastern-Gyeongbuk area. From July to December in 2007, blood samples were collected from 363 dairy cattle of 27 farms and 281 Korean cattle of 114 farms and the ELISA was conducted. 25 (6.9%) dairy cattle of 6 (22%) farms and 19 (6.8%) Korean cattle of 8 (7.0%) farms were positive in ELISA. In regional analysis, 25 (8.3%) out of 300 dairy cattle in Gyeungju were positive and Pohang were negative in this research. 12 (16.4%) out of 73 Korean cattle in Gyeungju and 7 (9.6%) out of 73 Korean cattle in Uljin were positive. Pohang and Youngdeok of Korean cattle were negative in this research. According to raising scale of dairy cattle, 4 (66.7%) farms out of 6 farms were raising 30 below and 2 (33.3%) farms out of were raising 30$\sim$70. And there were negative raising scale more than 70. In Korean cattle, 6 (75%) farms out of 8 were raising below 10 and 2 (25%) farms were raising 10$\sim$30. And there were negative raising scale more than 30. The rate of seropositive of paratuberculosis dairy cattle and Korean cattle were similar and the positive rate of Eastern-Gyeongbuk area is reported lower than that of any other region.

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis에 의한 유산양의 가성결핵 증례 (Caseous lymphadenitis by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in a Saanen dairy goat (Capra hircus aegagrus))

  • 신동호;송윤경;변재원;김하영;김형순;우계형;이오수;정병일
    • 대한수의학회지
    • /
    • 제50권1호
    • /
    • pp.25-28
    • /
    • 2010
  • Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a chronic and contagious disease of sheep and goats caused by Corynebacterium (C.) pseudotuberculosis. A four-year-old female Saanen dairy goat was submitted to the Animal Disease Diagnostic Center at National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service. The clinical signs of the goat were emaciation, abortion and quadriplegia. The multifocal nodules of lymph nodes were encapsulated and filled with whitish caseous contents on the cut surface. Histopathologically, lymph nodes displayed suppurative and necrotizing granulomas. Caseous necrosis was diffusely observed in the center of the lymph nodes. Gram positive bacilli were shown in the lesions. C. pseudotuberculosis was isolated and confirmed by the biochemical tests and PCR assay. Based on clinical signs, histopathological examination and bacterial isolation, we diagnosed this case as CLA. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CLA in a Saanen dairy goat in Korea.

에너지 및 단백질 공급 수준에 따른 비유 중기 유산양의 유생산성에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Different Dietary Energy and Protein Levels on Milk Production in Saanen Dairy Goats in Mid Lactation)

  • 박중국;김종덕;김지애;유정숙;배귀석;김창현
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
    • /
    • 제30권1호
    • /
    • pp.35-42
    • /
    • 2010
  • 본 시험은 산양유 생산을 위해 유기사료를 이용하여 유산양의 적정 에너지 및 단백질 공급 수준과 조농비율을 결정하기 위하여 비유중기 Saanen종 유산양 4두($57.5{\pm}10.8\;kg$ BW)를 이용하여 $4{\times}4$ 라틴방각법으로 실시하였다. 대사에너지 공급수준과 단백질 공급수준을 10.59 (T1), 10.14 (T2), 9.45 (T3) 및 8.75 (T4) MJ/kg과 11.90 (T1), 12.73 (T2), 15.19 (T3) 및 16.60% (T4)로 달리하였으며, 조농비율은 49:51 (T1), 59:41 (T2), 74:26 (T3) 및 90:10 (T4)의 네 처리구로 나누었다. 사료 섭취량 및 체중은 모든 처리구 사이의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 유량은 T3구에서 가장 높았으며, T2 및 T4구와 비교하여 유의하게 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 유지방함량과 생산량은 T4구에서 다른 처리구와 비교하여 가장 낮았다 (p<0.05). 유단백질과 유당 생산량은 T1 (61.29 및 70.95 g/일)과 T3 (60.52 및 75.82 g/일)구에서 T2 (50.49 및 59.64 g/일)와 T4 (52.49 및 59.82 g/일)구와 비교하여 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 결과적으로 유산양의 유생산성을 극대화시키기 위해서 에너지 공급수준은 최소 9 MJ/kg 이상과 단백질 공급수준은 최소 15% 이상을 공급해 주어야할 것으로 기대된다.

CP와 TDN 수준이 육성기 유산양의 건물섭취량, 소화율과 질소 및 에너지 이용성에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Crude Protein and Total Digestible Nutrient Levels on Intake, Digestibility, Nitrogen and Energy Utilization in Growing Dairy Goats)

  • 기광석;임영순;김택림;이현준;김상범;이왕식;양승학;조원모;김현섭;여준모;이인덕
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
    • /
    • 제29권3호
    • /
    • pp.269-276
    • /
    • 2009
  • 유산양의 에너지 및 단백질 이용성을 조사하기 위하여 대조구(A), TDN 증량구(B), 조단백질 증량구(C) 그리고 TDN 및 조단백질 증량구(D)로 구분하여 섭취량, 소화율과 질소 및 에너지 이용성을 시험하였다. 공시축은 유산양(Saanen, 평균체중 17.5kg, female) 12두를 공시하였고, 2008년 10월 20일부터 11월 9일까지 충남대학교 부설동물사육장에서 수행하였다. 건물 섭취량은 D구에서 가장 높았으며 B구가 C구보다 유의적으로 높은 섭취율을 보였다(p<0.05). 건물 소화율 및 세포내용물의 소화율은 A구에 비하여 영양성분을 증량한 B구와 C구 및 D구가 모두 유의적으로 높은 결과를 보였으며(p<0.05), D구가 가장 높고 B구가 C구보다 높은 수준을 보였다. NDF소화율은 A구에 비하여 영양성분을 증량한 처리구들에서 모두 높았고, ADF소화율은 A구와 C구가 B구와 D구보다 다소 높은 결과를 보였는데 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 가소화 및 대사질소량은 섭취량과 유사한 경향으로 D구에서 가장 높았으며, C구 보다는 B구가 유의적으로 높은 수준을 보였다(p<0.05). 가소화에너지와 대사에너지도 D구에서 가장 높았으며 C구 보다는 B구가 유의적으로 높은 수준을 보였다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과들은 조단백질만을 증량하는 것보다는 TDN 수준과 함께 조단백질수준을 증량시켜주거나 또는 TDN 수준을 증량시키는 것이 건물소화율 및 질소이용성과 에너지이용성을 향상시키는데 더 효과적이라는 결과를 보였다.