• 제목/요약/키워드: cytochalasin B

검색결과 94건 처리시간 0.019초

Cytochalasin B를 이용한 체외배양에 의한 생쥐 수정란의 4배체 유도 (Tetraploidy Induction of Mouse Embryos by In Vitro Culture with Cytochalasin B)

  • 진동일
    • 한국수정란이식학회지
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.89-92
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    • 1999
  • 효율적인 homozygous 동물을 생산하기 위한 실험의 단계로 염색체가 4배체인 수정란의 이용성을 타진하기 위해 생쥐 수정란과 cytochalasin B를 사용하여 4배체 유도에 관한실험을 수행하였다. 생쥐 2-세포기 수정란을 10$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml 농도의 cytochasin B로 약 20시간 배양하였을 때 모든 수정란은 발육을 거의 멈추었으나, 이 수정란을 cytochalasin B-free medium에 체외배양하였을 때 발육이 재개되어 48시간 후 상실기나 배반포기까지 약 74%의 발육율을 나타내었다. 그러나 발육된 수정란의 세포수는 대조구에 비해 휠신 적은 것으로 나타났다. 염색체 분석결과 cytochalasin B로 처리한 대부분의 수정란은 4배체인 것으로 나타났고 약간의 수정란은 mosaicism과 다배체를 나타내기도 하였다. 그러므로 cytochalasin B를 이용하여 효과적으로 4배체의 수정란을 유도할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

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체외수정과 단위발생된 돼지 난자의 체외발달 양상의 비교 (In Vitro Developments of Porcine Embryos Produced by In Vitro Fertilization and Parthenogenetic Activation)

  • 엄상준;김남형;김은영;김묘경;차수경;윤산현;박세필;정길생;임진호
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.43-49
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    • 1997
  • 본 연구는 단위발생과 체외수정으로 생산된 돼지 난자의 발달양상과 inner cell mass(ICM) 그리고 trophectoderm (TE)의 세포배열을 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 단위발생은 ethanol 단독처리(haploid) 혹은 ethanol과 cytochalasin B을 공동처리(diploid)하였던바, 단위발생란은 체외수정란에 비하여 배반포까지의 발달이 저조하였지만, 단위발생에 있어서 ethanol과 cytochalasin B을 공동처리한 군이 ethanol 단독처리한 군보다 배반포까지 발달이 촉진되었다. 또한 단위발생란의 경우 total 세포수와 ICM 수에 있어서 체외수정란에 비하여 현저하게 감소되었지만, ethanol과 cytochalasin B을 공동처리한 단위발생란이 ethanol 처리된 단위발생란보다는 현저하게 높은 total 세포수와 ICM 수가 조사되었다. 이상의 결과로, 돼지의 착상전 배발달 양상과 ICM와 TE의 세포배열에 있어서 ploidy가 영향을 미친다는 것을 알수 있었다.

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Effects of $Taxol^{TM}$ and Cytochalasin B on the Developmental Capacity of Vitrified Porcine Immature Oocytes

  • Kim, S. W;H. T. Cheong;B. K. Yang;Kim, C. I.;Park, C. K.
    • 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국동물번식학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표대회
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    • pp.199-199
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    • 2004
  • This study was conducted to investigate cytoskeleton alterations during vitrified (Open Pulled Straw method) porcine immature oocytes, to utilize Taxol/sup TM/ (polymerization of tubulin molecules) and Cytochalasin B (CB, depolymerization of actin filaments) during vitrification to stabilize microtubule and microfilaments (MT and MF), and to determine in vitro maturation, fertilization and development of cytoskeletal-stabilized and vitrified porcine immature oocytes. (omitted)

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돼지 난포란의 단위발생에서 Cytochalasin B의 영향 (Effects of Cytochalasin B on Parthenogenetic Development of Porcine Follicular Oocytes)

  • 김현종;손동수;최선호;조상래;최창용;김영근;한만희;류일선;김인철;김일화;임경순
    • 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.49-52
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    • 2005
  • 도축된 돼지의 난소에서 난포란을 채취하여 체외 성숙시킨 후 인위적으로 활성화시켜 이배체 배발달을 유기하기 위해 cytochalasin B를 2.5, 5.0, $7.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ 농도로 3, 5, 7 시간 처리한 후 NCSU23 배양액으로 7일간 배양하여 배발달율에 미치는 영향을 검사하였다. 체외 성숙된 돼지 난모세포를 활성화 처리하여 2일째 분할율을 관찰한 결과 각 처리의 분할율은 $39.0{\sim}48.9%$로 나타났으며, 처리별로 유의차가 없었다. 7일간 배양하여 상실배기 이상으로 발달한 난자들의 처리별 발달율 차이를 관찰한 결과는 cytochalasin B를 $5.0\;{\mu}g/mL$ 농도로 3시간 처리구(19.7%)에서 $2.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ 농도로 3, 5시간 처리한 구(9.4%)의 배발달율에 비해 유의적으로 높은 결과를 얻었다. 시간별과 농도별로 분석한 결과 $2.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ 처리구가 5.0, $7.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ 처리구들보다 유의적으로 낮은 배발달율을 보였다. 배반포기까지 발달한 난자들의 처리별 발달율 차이를 관찰한 결과는 cytochalasin B를 $5.0\;{\mu}g/mL$ 농도로 3시간과 5시간 처리구들의 배반포기 발달율은 9.4%와 9.0%로 $2.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ 농도로 3시간 처리구의 배발달율인 0%보다 유의적으로 높은 배발달율을 보였다. 시간별과 농도별로 분석한 결과 농도에 따라 $5.0\;{\mu}g/mL$ 처리구가 2.5와 $7.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ 처리구들보다 유의적으로 높은 배반포기 배발달율을 보였으며, 3, 5, 7시간 처리에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 이상의 결과로 돼지 난모세포를 65시간 체외 성숙 후 활성화 처리할 때 cytochalasin B $5.0\;{\mu}g/mL$$3{\sim}5$ 시간 처리하는 것이 가장 높은 배반포 발달율을 얻을 수 있었으며, 처리 농도가 배발달에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다.

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The Uptake of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2dGlc) by the Endogenous Sugar Transporter(s) of Spodoptera frugiperda Clone 21-AE Cells and the Inhibition of 2dGIc Transport in the Insect Cells by Fructose and Cytoc halasin B

  • Lee, Chong-Kee
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.177-181
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    • 2003
  • The baculovirus/Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf) cell system has become popular for the production of large amounts of the human erythrocyte glucose transporter, GLUT1, heterologously. However, it was not possible to show that the expressed transporter in insect cells could actually transport glucose. The possible reason for this was that the activity of the endogenous insect glucose transporter was extremely high and so rendered transport activity resulting from the expression of exogenous transporter very difficult to detect. Sf21-AE cells are commonly employed as the host permissive cell line to support the baculovirus AcNPV replication and protein synthesis. The cells grow well on TC-100 medium that contains 0.1 % D-glucose as the major carbon source, strongly suggesting the presence of endogenous glucose transporters. However, unlike the human glucose transporter, very little is known about properties of the endogenous sugar transporter(s) in insect cells. Thus, the uptake of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2dGlc) by Sf21-AE cells and the inhibition of 2dGlc transport in the insect cells by fructose and cytochalasin B were investigated in the present work. The binding assay of cytochalasin B was also performed, which could be used as a functional assay for the endogenous glucose transporter(s) in the insect cells. Sf21-AE cells were infected with the recombinant virus AcNPV-GT or no virus, at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5. Infected cells were resuspended in PBS plus and minus 300 mM fructose, and plus and minus 20 $\mu$M cytochalasin B for use in transport assays. Uptake was measured at 28$^{\circ}C$ for 1 min, with final concentration of 1 mM deoxy-D-glucose, 2-[1,2-$^3$H]- or glucose, L-[l,$^3$H]-, used at a specific radioactivity of 4 Ci/mol. The results obtained demonstrated that the sugar uptake in uninfected cells was stereospecific, and was strongly inhibited by fructose but only poorly inhibitable by cytochalasin B. It is therefore suggested that the Sf21-AE glucose transporter has very low affinity for cytochalasin B, a potent inhibitor of human erythrocyte glucose transporter.

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The Role of Intracellular Receptor NODs for Cytokine Production by Macrophages Infected with Mycobacterium Leprae

  • Kang, Tae-Jin;Chae, Gue-Tae
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • 제11권6호
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    • pp.424-427
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    • 2011
  • The nucleotide-oligomerization domain (NOD) proteins are members of the NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, which are intracellular and cytoplasmic receptors. We analyzed the role of NODs for cytokine production by macrophages infected with intracellular pathogen M. leprae, the causative agent of leprosy. Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-$1{\beta}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$ was inhibited in the presence of cytochalasin D, an agent blocking phagocytosis, suggesting that intracellular signaling was, partially, required for macrophage activation to M. leprae infection. Next, we investigated the role of NOD1 and NOD2 proteins on NF-${\kappa}B$ activation and cytokine expression. Treatment with M. leprae significantly increased NF-${\kappa}B$ activation and expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ in NOD1- and NOD2-transfected cells. Interestingly, their activation and expression were inhibited by cytochalasin D, suggesting that stimulation of NOD proteins may be associated with the enhancement of cytokine production in host to M. leprae.

생쥐 난자의 초자화동결 시 Cytochalasin B가 Cytoskeleton에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Cytochalasin B on Cytoskeletal Stability of Mouse Oocyte Frozen by Vitrification)

  • 백원영;최원준;김세나;이종학
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.229-236
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    • 2002
  • Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Cytochalasin B (CCB) on the cytoskeletal stability of mouse oocyte frozen by vitrification. Methods : Mouse oocytes retrieved from cycle stimulated by PMSG and hCG were treated by CCB and then vitrified in EFS-30. These oocytes were placed onto an EM grid and submerged immediately in liquid nitrogen. Thawing of the oocytes was carried out at room temperature for 5 seconds, then the EM grid was placed into 0.75 M, 0.5 M and 0.25 M sucrose at $37^{circ}C$ for 3 minutes, each. These oocytes were fixed in 4% formaldehyde for an hour and then washed in PPB for 15 minutes 3 times, then incubated in PPB containing anti-tubulin monoclonal antibody at $4^{circ}C$ overnight. And then, the oocytes were incubated with FITC-conjugated anti-mouse IgG and propidium iodide (PI) for 45 minutes. Pattern of microtubules and microfilaments of oocytes were evaluated with a confocal microscope. Results: The rate of oocytes containing normal microtubules and microfilaments was significantly decreased after vitrification. The rate of oocyte containing normal microtubules in CCB treated group was higher than those in non-treated group (53.7% vs. 48.9%), but the difference was not significant. The rate of oocyte containing normal microfilaments in CCB treated group was significantly higher than those in non-treated group (64.5% vs. 38.3%, p<0.05). Conclusion: Microfilaments stability could be improved by CCB treatment prior to vitrification. It is suggested that CCB treatment prior to vitrification improve stability of cytoskeleton and then increase success rate in IVF-ET program using vitrification and thawing oocyte.

Trichoplusia ni 세포에 내재하는 당 수송체에 D-fructose가 미치는 효과와 Trichoplusia ni 세포에 발현된 사람 HepG2형 포도당 수송 단백질의 photolabelling (Effect of D-Fructose on Sugar Transport Systems in Trichoplusia ni Cells and Photolabeling of the Trichoplusia ni Cell-Expressed Human HepG2 Type Glucose Transport Protein)

  • 이종기
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.86-91
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    • 2014
  • Trichoplusia ni (T. ni) 세포는 사람 당 수송체를 이성질적으로 많은 양 생산하려 할 때 유용하게 사용되는, baculovirus 발현 시스템의 숙주세포로서 이용된다. 그러나 T. ni 세포에 존재하는 내재된 당 수송체의 높은 활동은, 발현된 외재적 당 수송체의 수송활성과 같은 직접적 증거 제시에 장애가 된다. 뿐만 아니라 곤충세포에 내재하는 당 수송체계의 특성에 대해서는 밝혀진 바가 거의 없다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 baculovirus 발현 시스템을 보다 잘 활용하기 위해 T. ni 세포의 2dGlc기질 수송에 D-fructose가 미치는 영향을 살펴 보았으며, T. ni 세포에 발현된 사람 당 수송체의 생물학적 활성을 보다 용이하게 검증하기 위해 발현된 수송체를 [$^3H$] cytochalasin B를 이용하여 photolabelling 하였다. 우선 감염되지 않은 세포와 recombinant AcMPV-GTL 감염시킨 T. ni 세포의 2dGlc uptake를 300 mM D-fructose가 있을 때와 없을 때, 그리고 $20{\mu}M$ cytochalasin B가 있을 때와 없을 때의 상황에서 살펴보았다. 감염되지 않은 세포에서의 육탄당 uptake는 D-fructose에 의해 강력하게 억제 되었으나 cytochalasin B에 의해서는 단지 미미한 억제 효과만을 보여주었다. 흥미롭게도 AcMPV-GTL 바이러스 감염된 T. ni 세포에서는 비록 2dGlc uptake율은 감염되지 않은 세포와 비교해 다소 낮았지만 육탄당 수송 억제 반응은 근본적으로 동일함을 보여 주었다. 또한 [$^3H$] cytochalasin B를 이용한 발현단백질 photolabelling에서는, L-glucose가 존재하는 상황 하에만 하나의 날카롭게 표지된 peak가, 바이러스 감염된 세포에서 관찰되었다. 감염되지 않은 세포에서는 이러한 peak는 관찰되지 않았다. 게다가 D-glucose 존재 하에서는 발현된 단백질의 photolabelling이 완전히 억제되어짐을 보여주어, labelling의 입체선택성(stereoselectivity)을 입증하였다.

Effect of Cytochalasin B in Activation Medium on the Development of Rat Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos

  • Roh, Sang-Ho
    • Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.109-113
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    • 2007
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of cytochalasin B (CB) treatment in the activation medium on the development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) rat embryos. Fetal fibroblast cells were isolated from a Day 14.5 fetus, and the oocytes for recipient cytoplasm were recovered from 4-week old Sprague Dawley rats. After enucleation and nuclear injection, the reconstructed oocytes were immediately exposed to activation medium consisting of 10 mM $SrCl_2$ with or without CB for 4 hr, and formation of pseudo-pronucleus (PPN) was checked at 18 hr after activation. Then, they were transferred into day 1 pseudopregnant recipients (Hooded Wistar) or cultured for 5 days to check their developmental competence in vivo or in vitro. The number of PPN was not affected by CB treatment during the activation. However, CB treatment supported pre-implantation development of rat SCNT embryos. Embryos generated by the procedures of SCNT were also capable of implanting, with 1 implantation scar found from a recipient following the transfer of 87 SCNT embryos to four foster mothers. The result of the present study shows that rat SCNT embryo can develop to post-implantation stage following treatment with CB.