• The Korean Journal of Medicine
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• v.99 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2024

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare condition that exclusively affects women and is characterized by lung parenchymal destruction and the formation of cysts due to infiltration by LAM cells. It can also impact the lymphatic system, leading to the development of fluid-filled cystic structures and abdominal involvement, including renal angiomyolipomas (AML) or lymphangioleiomyoma. LAM can occur sporadically or be associated with tuberous sclerosis complex. Common symptoms include respiratory issues such as dyspnea, pneumothorax, chylothorax, along with other manifestations like renal AML and lymphatic involvement. The diagnosis of LAM relies on a combination of clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings, and treatment options vary depending on symptoms and patient status, with mTOR inhibitors being considered as a treatment option. This case outlines the diagnostic journey and clinical course of a 32-year-old female patient with LAM.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.417-421
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• 2005

This study was to analyze the changes of levels of alkaline phosphatase before and after enucleation of jaw cysts combined with bone grafting, and to evaluate biochemically the effectiveness of the early detection of bone healing and infection as a prognostic marker. Eighteen patients (13 males, 5 females) with cystic lesions of the jaws were divided into two groups. The bone graft group underwent enucleation and bone graft. The control group underwent only enucleation. Both groups were measured levels of ALP before surgery, and plus-minus 4 weeks postoperatively. The more discriminating results were obtained in the bone graft group. The results were as follows : 1. Levels of ALP after enucleation of jaw cysts were decreased in all patients with and without bone graft. 2. The bone graft group showed more marked decrease in variation of levels of ALP than the control group.(p=0.008) This should be considered as a result of increased osteoblastic activity and new bone formation. 3. Such variation could be used as a prognostic marker for bone healing after cyst operation. In the cost/benefit ratio, measurement of ALP activity could be useful as a convenient procedure in routine clinical practice.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.63-66
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• 2012

Nevus comedonicus is a type of hamartoma that arises from a developmental anomaly of the mesodermal part of the pilosebaceous gland. In most cases of nevus comedonicus, an acne-like skin condition develops. Repeated inflammation can cause a morphological change to the cyst, papule, to abscess. We experienced a case of congenital nevus comedonicus, which led to the formation of large multiple cysts. A 50-year-old man was referred with a $12.5{\times}10cm$ lobulated mass on the posterior neck and upper back. The patient had a widespread presence of nevus comedonicus in the region ranging from the right superior chest to the posterior neck. The patient had a 30-year history of six prior excisions. A magnetic resonance imaging review led to a diagnosis of nevus comedonicus. Surgical treatment consisted of excision of the mass and wide excision for the patch type of nevus comedonicus around the neck. On histopathology, multiple masses were diagnosed as typical cysts containing keratinized tissue. The diffuse comedone lesions were diagnosed as nevus comedonicus. This case shows that large, multiple cysts can occur as a long-term complication of nevus comedonicus, and also highlights the importance of radical resection to prevent its further invagination.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.630-635
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• 2004

The etiology of mesiodens is unknown but the most widely accepted theory is the hyperactivity of the dental lamina. Complications of mesiodens are delayed or prevented eruption of maxillary central incisors, displacement or rotation of permanent teeth, crowding of affected region, abnormal diastema or permanent space closure, dilaceration or abnormal root development of permanent teeth, primordial or follicular cyst formation, root resorption of adjacent teeth, eruption into nasal cavity. If mesiodens rotate the maxillary central incisors, space deficiency is not common and relapse is very common. So overcorrection is needed. To prevent the rotational relapse, early treatment, overcorrection, long retention period, properly formed proximal surface, use of coupled force, and surgical techniques have been suggested. The authors present two cases, whose chief complain were severely rotated maxillary incisors by mesiodens, treated by orthodontic and surgical technique and showed good results.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.sup2
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• pp.273-280
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• 2001

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term outcome and delayed complications of Gamma Knife radiosurgery for low grade glioma(LGG). Methods : Among 31 patients of LGG who had been treated by using Leksell Gamma Knife between March 1992 and December 1996, we could follow up more than 5 years(range 5-9 years) in 17 patients and evaluated their clinical feature, changes of tumor volume and post-radiosurgical complications. Results : During the mean follow-up period of 7.6 years, the tumor was decreased in 5 patients(29.4%), unchanged in 4(23.5%), increased in 4(23.5%) and recurred in 4(23.5%). The tumor control rate was 52.9%(9/17). We have experienced eighteen postradiosurgical complications in 10 patients(58.8%). Early complication was none and delayed complications included radiation necrosis with cyst in ten cases, bleeding in five, radiation-induced edema in one and malignant transformation in one. Two patients ultimately died as a result of tumor progression during the follow-up period. The mortality rate was 11.7%. Conclusion : Gamma Knife radiosurgery may be useful as an adjunctive therapy for small volume, deep-seated LGG. Although radiosurgery can effectively prevent growth of solid tumor, several delayed complications such as radiation necrosis, cyst formation, bleeding or malignant transformation can develop during the long-term followup period. Because of the possible slow growth rate of LGG and development of the delayed complications, the long-term efficacy of radiosurgery requires further analysis.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.12.1-12.11
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• 2022

Objectives: This pilot study aimed to establish the interrelationship between collagen and mast cells in periapical granulomas and periapical cysts. Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on the paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 68 specimens (34 periapical granulomas and 34 periapical cysts). The specimens were stained with picrosirius to observe collagen fiber birefringence and anti-tryptase antibody to evaluate the mast cell count immunohistochemically. The mean number and birefringence of collagen fibers, as well as the mean number of mast cells (total, granulated, and degranulated), and the mean inflammatory cell density were calculated. The data obtained were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test, Mann Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation test (p < 0.05). Results: The mean number of thick collagen fibers was higher in periapical cysts, while that of thin fibers was higher in granulomas (p = 0.00). Cysts emitted orange-yellow to red birefringence, whereas periapical granulomas had predominantly green fibers (p = 0.00). The mean inflammatory cell density was comparable in all groups (p = 0.129). The number of total, degranulated, and granulated mast cells exhibited significant results (p = 0.00) in both groups. Thick cyst fibers showed significant inverse correlations with inflammation and degranulated mast cells (p = 0.041, 0.04 respectively). Conclusions: Mast cells and inflammatory cells influenced the nature of collagen fiber formation and its birefringence. This finding may assist in the prediction of the nature, pathogenesis, and biological behavior of periapical lesions.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2001

The prevalence of supernumerary teeth is between $1{\sim}3%$. Of these, $90{\sim}98%$ occur in the maxilla with particular predilection for the premaxilla, preceded by mandibular third premolars, mandibular forth molars and maxillary paramolars. The most common ones occur in the maxillary anterior region, they may occur singly between the central incisors(mesiodens), or they may be double(mesiodentes). Maxillary anterior supernumeraries may erupt into the oral cavity or remain unerupted. It is found that approximately 25% are erupted, while the rest are unerupted. They are usually a small tooth with a cone-shaped crown and a short root. They may cause delayed eruption, median diastema, bodily displacement or rotation of the adjacent permanent teeth. Occasionally they may lead to the developement of dentigerous cyst or primordial cyst, or eruption into nasal cavity. In this study, 109 supernumeraries surgically extracted from premaxilla in 84 patients are analysed. The results are as follows : 1. Sex distribution of male and female is 2.2 : 1. 2. Almost cases are in pediatric age from 5 to 12 years old (87%). 3. Problems with supernumeraries are tooth malpositon, diastema, delayed eruption, eruption to nasal cavity and cyst formation. 4. Of 109 supernumeraries, 16(15%) are erupted into oral cavity, 92(84%) are impacted, and 1(1%) is erupted into nasal cavity. 5. Of 84 patients, 59(70%) have one supernumeray while 25(30%) have two supernumeraries. 6. Of 109 supernumeraries, 96(88%) are found within the region of the central incisors. 7. Of 109 supernumeraries, 94(86%) are vertically impacted, 11(10%) are horizontally impacted, 3(3%) are labiopalatally impacted and 1(1%) is impacted in nasal cavity. 8. Of 84 patients, we used palatal flap in 67(80%), labial flap in 6(7%), both flaps in 4(5%) and no flap in 7(8%). And incisive nerve was cut in 33(49%) of 67 palatal flaps. 9. Extration with ostectomy was done in 72 supernumeraries(66%), without ostectomy in 37 teeth(34%). 10. Extraction with tooth sectioning was done in 21 supernumeraries(19%), without tooth sectioning was done in 88 teeth(81%). 11. We used local anesthesia in 70 patients(83%) and general anesthesia in 14 ones(17%).

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.139-145
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• 2006

Ranula is a mucocele which occurs at the mouth floor and is mostly related to sublingual gland. In other words ranula is definded as a pseudocyst which occurs as the secretion duct of sublingual gland is destructed there as the saliva from the secretion duct flows out and retention in the soft tissue. The cause of ranula is destruction or obstruction of the duct. The clinical findings of ranula is a painless, unilateral bluish transparent swelling around the frenum and shows fluctuation when palpated. Histological finding represent a formation of cavity inside the connective tissue, but a pseudo-cyst can be seen which the wall of the cyst is composed of granulation tissue rather than epithelial cells. The first treatment of ranula can be considered as marsupialization. which induces the inner wall of the Ranula to be a part of oral mucosa. This case report shows a treatment of marsupialization with gauze packing in a young patient representing a clinical finding of characteristic ranula.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.371-375
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• 2002

The calcifying odontogenic cyst(COC) showed diverse terminology or classification, clinicopathologic features as well as in its biologic behavior, although it was recognized as a distinct clinicopathologic entity. The epithelial lining of a COC appears to have the ability to induce the formation of dental tissues in the adjacent connective tissue wall, and that other odontogenic tumors may sometimes be associated with it. This case is a COC associated with a complex odontoma involving an impacted left maxillary lateral incisor in a 5-year-old female child. Radiographic examination revealed a well-demarcated radiolucent lesion partially occupied by a radiopaque mass, involving the left lateral incisor crown. The histologic sections showed a cystic cavity lined with ameloblastic epithelium containing ghost cell masses with admixed with complex odontoma components. The presence of mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion in children as observed in this case, the possibility of COC must be considered. In this case, there was no recurrence 1 year after enucleation and the space control is ongoing now.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.56-63
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of demineralized bone matrix (DBM, Genesis$^{(R)}$) used for bone defect after operative traetment of benign bone tumors by clinical and radiological methods. Materials and Methods: DBM was used to treat bone defect after operative treatment of benign tumor from February 2012 to May 2013. Total 25 benign bone tumor cases (15 males, and 10 females) with mean age of 30.3 were studied. The diagnoses were solitary bone cyst in 9 cases, non ossifying fibroma in 5, fibrous dysplasia in 5, aneurysmal bone cyst in 3 and enchondroma in 3. In categorization by location of tumor, there were 5 cases of distal femur, 4 of proximal tibia, 3 of proximal femur, 3 of proximal humerus, 3 of phalanx, 2 of distal radius, 2 of hip bone, 2 of calcaneus, and 1 of scapula. Autogenous bone was used with DBM in 6 cases, and only DBM used in 19 cases. Mean periods of follow up were 8.7 months (range: 6 to 14 months). Amount of graft resorption and bone formation was observed with compare of post operation radiograph and the difference was shown by percentage. Resorption level was measured by DBM level which could be observed from simple x-ray, and bone formation level by bone trabecular formation level at impaired site. Results: Twenty three cases of total 25 cases showed bone union. In the 23 cases, more than 98% DBM resorption was observed after mean 4.3 months, and more than 98% bone formation was observed after mean 6.9 months. Lesser bone defect sizes showed faster bone formation and it was statistically significant (p=0.036). But other comparative studies on other factors such as, sex, age of patients and combination of autogenous bone were no statistically significant differences in graft resorption and bone formation. And there was no significant complication in periods of follow-up. Conclusion: Demineralized Bone Matrix (Genesis$^{(R)}$) is thought to be useful treatment for bone defect after operative treatment of benign bone tumor, however longer follow-up periods appears to be needed.