• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2015

Some virulence proteins of Helicobacter pylori, such as vacuolating cytotoxic protein A (VacA) and cytotoxin-associated gene protein A (CagA) have been reported to be causative agents of various gastric diseases including chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer or gastric adenocarcinoma. The expression level of these virulence proteins can be regulated when H. pylori is exposed to the antibacterial agent, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G) as previously reported. In this study, we analyzed the quantitative change of various virulence proteins including CagA and VacA by C3G treatment. We used 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) to analyze the quantitative change of representative ten proteome components of H. pylori 60190 ($VacA^+/CagA^+$; standard strain of Eastern type). After 2-DE analysis, spot intensities were analyzed using ImageMaster$^{TM}$ 2-DE Platinum software then each spot was identified using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or peptide sequencing using Finnigan LCQ ion trap mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). Next, we selected major virulence proteins of H. pylori among quantitatively meaningful ten spots and confirmed the 2-DE results by Western blot analysis. These results suggest that cyanidin 3-O-glucoside can modulate a variety of H. pylori pathogenic determinants.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.53-59
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• 1973

우리나라 재배종(栽培種) Santa rosa자두 중(中)에 함유(含有)된 두가지 antocyanin 색소(色素)를 분리확인(分離確認)하였다. 자두로부터 0.5% HCl methanol로 색소(色素)를 추출(抽出)하여 Amberlite IRC-50 이온 교환수지(交換樹脂) column 으로 정제(精製)하고, paper chromatography에 의하여 개별색소(個別色素)를 분리(分離)하였다. 두 색소(色素)는 다음과같은 실험(實驗)을 거쳐 얻은 결과(結果)들에 기초(基礎)하여 cyanidin-3-xyloglucoside 및 cyaniden-3-monoglucoside 임을 확인(確認)하였다. 여러 용매계(溶媒系)에 의한 paper chromatography의 Rf치(値), 부분산가수분해(部分酸加水分解), 결합당(結合糖)의 paper chromatography에 의한 확인(確認), 결합당(結合糖)의 단계가수분해(段階加水分解), aglycone의 alkali분해(分解), 및 가시부(可視部) 흡수(吸收) spectra. 자두중(中)에 함유(含有)된 주색소(主色素)는 cyanidin-3-monoglucoside였다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.465-473
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• 2020

Background and objective: Aronia melanocarpa, called black chokeberry, is a natural product belonging to the family rosaceae, and is known to contain polyphenolic antioxidants including cyanidin-3-galactoside, cyanidin-3-arabinoside, cyanidin-3-xyloside, and cyanidin-3-glucoside Because of the abundance of anthocyanins, Aronia has been studied to be used in various industries. Methods: Aronia melanocarpa extract was treated 24 hours a day to RAW 264.7 cells with inflammations induced by LPS. After extracting total RNA, the amount of inflammatory cytokine expression was measured using RT-PCR. After processing the Aronia liposome using Aronia extract and the layer-by-layer electrostatic deposition method in keratinocyte cells at the same time, we checked the synthesis of Hyaluronic acid enhanced through the formation of Aronia liposome using ELISA. Results: The treatment of Aronia extract in inflammation-induced RAW 264.7 cells conducted to check the anti-inflammatory efficacy of Aronia extract inhibited inflammatory cytokines including TLR4, TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, and iNOS and increased the mRNA expression of HAS2 genes related to moisturizing. Based on the anti-inflammatory and moisturizing effect of Aronia extract, the Aronia liposome technology was introduced to Aronia extract to produce Aronia liposome. Conclusion: The liposome formation of Aronia extract is expected to be used as a functional material in treating various inflammatory skin diseases by controlling the moisture content of the corneocytes by increasing the expression rate of genes associated with the synthesis of hyaluronic acid, while retaining the efficacy of its components.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2013

Anthocyanin pigments from three pigmented rice varieties, Hongjinju, Sintoheugmi and Josaengheugchal pigmented by black color, were quantified to evaluate effects of transplanting and harvesting time during seed development. Hongjinju, a rice variety of grains pigmented by red color, contains only two kinds of anthocyanins, delphinidin and cyanidin. Meanwhile, delphinidin, cyanidin, and pelargonidin were identified in Sintoheugmi and Josaengheugchal. Anthocyanidin contents in pigmented rice variety Hongjinju under different planting times were decreased with prolonged harvesting times. The Sintoheukmi showed that cyanidin content was the highest among analyzed pigments during seed development. Two anthocyanins (cyanidin and pelargonidin) in Josaengheugchal recorded highest contents at 20 days after heading in three transplanting times. Cyanidin content was also slightly increased with prolonged transplanting time. Total anthocyanidin contents in Hongjinju were always lower than that of Sintoheukmi and Josaengheukchal. In two rice varieties, Sintoheugmi and Josaengheugchal, $a^*$ values were commonly slightly decreased by late transplanting and harvesting times. Changes of $a^*$ and $b^*$ values in waxy rice varieties, Sintoheugmi and Josaengheugchal varied more than those in Hongjinju. In Josaengheugchal, early harvesting before maturity showed lower brown rice yield and late harvesting in the each transplanting times resulted in highest brown rice yield.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.336-341
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• 2004

본 실험은 포도주스의 가공 공정중 열처리 조건이 anthocyanin색소 각각에 미치는 영향을 검토함으로서 anthocyanin 색소의 파괴가 최소화 되는 열처리 조건을 결정하는 기초자료를얻고자 실시하였다 Anthocyanin 색소 동정을 위한 분석결과 딸기의 주요 적색소는 pelargonidin-3-glucoside이며, 미국산 포도의 과피 및 주스의 주요 적색소는 delphinidin-3-glucoside와 cyanidin-3-glucoside이며, 유색미의 주요 적색소는 cyanidin-3-glucoside로 나타났다. 총 anthocyanin 함량 변화는 30초간 열처리한 처리구가 비열처리구에 비하여 100$^{\circ}C$까지 변화가 없었으며, 1분간 열처리한 처리구는 비열처리구에 비하여90$^{\circ}C$ 까지는 변화가 없었으며, l00$^{\circ}C$, 110$^{\circ}C$에서 각각 3.5$\%$, 9.3$\%$의 감소를 나타냈다. 열처리에 따른 anthocyanin 색소의 변화를 실험한 결과 1분간 열처리 하였을 경우 delphinidin-3-glucoside와 cyanidin-3-glucoside의 경우 90$^{\circ}C$까지 변화가 없었으며, 100$^{\circ}C$부터 급격히 감소하였다. Petunidin-3-glucoside와 malvidin-3-glucoside의 경우 100$^{\circ}C$까지 변화가 없었으며, 110$^{\circ}C$에서 3.5$\%$, 2.7$\%$로 비교적 열에 안정한 것으로 나타났다. 2분간 열처리시 delphinidin-3-glucoside와 cyanidin-3-glucoside의 경우 90$^{\circ}C$까지 3.2$\%$, 5.3$\%$와 1.9$\%$, 4.3$\%$로 감소하였으나, 100$^{\circ}C$부터 12.4$\%$, 13.2$\%$와 9.1$\%$, 11.8$\%$로 급격히 감소하였다. Petunidin-3-glucoside와 malvidin-3-glucoside의 경우 110$^{\circ}C$ 까지 4.8$\%$, 5.2$\%$의 감소를 나타내며 다른 anthocyanin 색소에 비하여 비교적 열에 안정한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 포도주스 제조시 열처리 조건을 90$^{\circ}C$에서 1분간 살균하는 것이 anthocyanin 파괴를 최소화하여 고품질 포도 주스를 생산하는데 최적의 가공조건인 것으로 사료된다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.20-24
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• 2015

Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) and cyanidin-3-rutinoside (C3R) were isolated by high-performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) using a two-phase solvent system composed of tert-butyl methyl ether/n-butanol/acetonitrile/water/trifluoroacetic acid (1 : 3 : 1 : 5 : 0.01, v/v) to give pure C3G (34.1 mg) and C3R (14.3 mg) from 1.5 g crude mulberry fruit extract. Using the pure C3G and C3R, a reliable high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated to determine the C3G and C3R contents in mulberry fruit. C3G and C3R were separated simultaneously using an Eclipse XDB-C18 column ($4.6{\times}250mm$ I.D., $5{\mu}m$) coupled with a photodiode array detector (PDA). The gradient elution of the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile (0.5% formic acid) and water (0.5% formic acid) was applied (1.0 mL/min), and the detection wavelength was 520 nm. The calibration curves of C3G and C3R showed good linearity (both with $r^2=0.9996$) in the concentration range $15.625-500{\mu}g/mL$, and the relative standard deviations (RSD%) of intra- and inter-day variability were in the ranges 2.1 - 8.2% and 4.1 - 17.1%, respectively. The accuracies were ranged 96.5 - 102.6% for C3G and C3R, respectively. The developed HPLC method was used to determine the contents of C3G and C3R in newly harvested mulberry from eight different provinces of Korea.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.470-478
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• 2015

본 연구는 국내에서 재배중인 '개량머루', '거봉', '홍이슬' 품종의 anthocyanin 조성을 UPLC-ESI-MS/MS를 이용하여 조사하였다. '개량머루'는 착색에 불량하게 작용하는 기상 조건에서도 착색이 우수한 흑포도 품종이고, '거봉'과 '홍이슬'은 교잡종 포도로 각각 검정색과 분홍색 과피를 갖고 있다. 과피에서 추출된 anthocyanin의 조성은 UPLC-ESI-MS/MS를 이용하여 분석하였다. 각 품종에서 검출된 anthocyanin은 '개량머루'와 '거봉'에서는 각각 25가지, '홍이슬'에서는 21가지였고, 각 품종에서 검출량이 많았던 anthocyanin은 8(개량머루), 15(거봉), 5(홍이슬)가지였다. 세 품종 모두 mono-glucoside가 di-glucoside보다 많았으며, '개량머루'와 '거봉'은 malvidin이 많았던 반면, '홍이슬'은 cyanidin이 가장 많았다. '개량머루'는 acylated anthocyanin(2.0%)은 거의 존재하지 않았고 '거봉'과 '홍이슬'에서는 p-coumaric acid의 acylation이 가장 많았다. Cyanidin feruloyl glucoside가 '홍이슬'에서만 검출되어 품종 지표로 활용이 가능하였다. 결론적으로 anthocyanin의 조성을 anthocyanidin, 결합된 당의 개수, acylation 및 특정 anthocyanin을 기준으로 분류하여 품종의 특징이 확인되었다. 이러한 품종별 anthocyanin 특성을 이용하여 '개량머루'가 Vitis amurensis 혹은 그 교잡종의 가능성과 '홍이슬'에서 품종 구별의 기준으로 활용 가능성이 확인되었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2000년도 춘계 학술대회지
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• pp.334-335
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• 2000

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2000년도 춘계 학술대회지
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• pp.114-115
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• 2000

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2003년도 추계 학술발표회 요지
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• pp.226-227
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• 2003