• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.48-50
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• 2018

Bony anomaly caused by lip tie is not many reported yet. There was a case of upper lip tie wrapping into the anterior premaxilla. We represent a case of severe upper lip tie of limited lip motion, upper lips curling inside, and alveolar hypoplasia. Male patient was born on June 3, 2016. He had a deep philtral sulcus, low vermilion border and deep cupid's bow of upper lip due to tension of short, stout and very tight frenulum. His upper lip motion was severely restricted in particular lip eversion. There was anterior alveolar hypoplasia with deep sulcus in anterior maxilla. Resection of frenulum cord with Z-plasty was performed at anterior premaxilla and upper lip sulcus. Frenulum was tightly attached to gingiva through gum and into hard palate. Width of frenulum cord was about 1 cm, and length was about 3 cm. He gained upper lip contour including cupid's bow and normal vermilion border after the surgery. This case is severe upper lip tie showing the premaxillary hypoplasia, abnormal lip motion and contour for child. Although there is mild limitation of feeding with upper lip tie child, early detection and treatment are needed to correct bony growth.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.860-865
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• 2000

This Paper Proposes the test pieces of X, Y and Z axes to compensate the shape distortion of Selective Laser Sintering(SLS) parts resulting from the phase change during the sintering process. In no case of the proposed compensation test pieces of X, Y axes the accurate rates of shrinkage can be measured with the reduction of curling which is obtained from adjustment of build orientation and the formula used to get scale factors are proposed with the shrinkage rates of them. The scale factors of X, Y and Z axes are generated by building up proposed compensation test pieces. The generated scale iactors are required to satisfy the dimensional accuracy even if there are changes of the build position and the size of SLS parts in the build chamber. For this reason, it is proposed that the build positions and the size be considered to be noise factors against the compensation test pieces and a method is also proposed that scale factors be selected to robustly maintain the dimensional accuracy of SLS parts under the actual operating conditions with the application of the Taguchi Method.

• 식물병과 농업
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.69-76
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• 1999

Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae is the causal pathogen of several hosts including oats corn foxtail millet wheatgrass sugarcane and rice. The pathogen is a seedborne pathogen of rice and known to occur widely in rice growing countries. The pathogen cause inhibition of germination brown stripe on the leaf curling of the leaf sheath and abnormal elongation of the mesocotyl of irce. Bacterial colonies grow slowly and are convex circular and creamy with tan to brown center. The causal baterium is Gram-negative and rod shape with a single polar flagellum Nonfluorescence poly-$\beta$-hydroxybutyrate accumulation and precipitate formation around the colony on the medium are useful in the differentiation of this bacterium from other subspecies of A. avenae as well as nonfluorescent bacteria pathogenic to rice. This bacterium has belonged to the genus of Psdeudomonas but recently was transferred to the new genus Acidovorax on the basis of bacteriological and molecular biological data. However the difference of biochemical characteristics protein profile of the cell and host range among strains should be more clarified. To develop an effective control strategy for this disease understanding of detailed life cycle of the disease ritical environmental factors affecting disease development on each host and relationship to grain discoloration of rice are prerequisite. Although the affected area has been world-widely reported there is on recent progress on the understanding of the bacteriological and ecological characteristics of the causal bacterium and control means of the disease.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2012

The effects of cutting condition and tempering temperature for the shape of cutting chip were investigated. For this purpose, a lead-free brass containing 1wt.% of Bi extruded at $750^{\circ}C$ in straight turning was used in this study. The cutting chip preferred was mainly found to be loose form of arc chips with curling discontinuity, and these were formed by shear fracture. However, some of fragmental element chip were found to be mixed when tempering temperature was as high as $500^{\circ}C$. The form and size of chip was more affected by feed rate than by tempering temperature and cutting rate. In addition, the cutting surface was observed to be formed more rough in the case of high feed rate and low cutting rate compared to low feed rate and high cutting rate.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.513-518
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• 1998

Beet curly top virus (BCTV) mutant has been constructed in vitro that contain G-to-T transversions at nucleotide 2727 within overlapping open reading frames (ORFs) L1 and L4. The mutations introduce termination codon in ORF L4 without affecting the amino acid encoded by ORF L1. When agroinoculated into Arabidopsis thaliana the mutant caused mild stunting and stem curling, but not the callus induction and hyperlasia on infected tissues of Sei-O ecotype. However, this mutant was not infectious on Col-O. Levels of single stranded DNA forms were similar in mutant and wild type BCTV infections. The DNA quantitation data showed that the DNA of BCTV-L4 mutant virus was accumulated in shoot tips, infection origin and roots with similar levels to those of wild type virus infected. Three tissues of asymptomatic ecotype Col-O also had as much as virus DNA from wild type virus infections. In both ecotypes infected with BCTV-Logan and BCTV-L4 mutant, root tissues contained more virus DNA than any other tissues by the Southern hybridization data. The results suggest that ORF L4 encodes a functional protein that is a major determinant of pathogenesis that might affect the hyperplastic response of the host to BCTV infection.

• 식물병연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.219-222
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• 2014

Several tomato production regions in Korea were surveyed for tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD). Tomato leaf samples showing TYLCD-like symptoms were collected from Tongyeong (To), Geoje (Gi), and Gimhae (Gh) cities of the southern part of Korea. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) was detected and the full-length genomes of the isolates were sequenced. The TYLCV isolates found in Korea shared high sequence identity (> 99%) with TYLCV-IL [JR:Omu:Ng] (AB110217). Phylogenetic relationship analysis revealed that they formed two groups (with little genetic variability), and the To, Gj, and Gh isolates belonged to the TYLCV-IL group. An infectious clone of TYLCV-To (JQ013089) was constructed and agroinoculated into Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana tabacum var. Xanthi, Petunia hybrida, Capsicum annuum, and Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Hausumomotaro. Agroinfection with a dimeric infectious clone of TYLCV-To induced severe leaf curling and stunting symptoms in these plants, excluding C. annuum. Tomato plants then developed typical yellow leaf curl symptoms.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.390-395
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• 2009

Red radish seeds were irradiated at doses up to 8 kGy using electron beam (e-beam) and gamma ray ($\gamma$-ray). The seed viability and functional properties (carotenoid, chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, and total phenol) of sprouts grown from these irradiated seeds were evaluated. High germination percentage ($\geq$97%) was observed in seeds irradiated at $\leq$5 kGy, but the yield ratio and sprout length significantly decreased with increased irradiation dose. Irradiation at $\geq$6 kGy resulted in curling of the sprout roots. Sprouting enhanced the functional properties of red radish seeds as indicated by the increased carotenoid, chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, and total phenol contents during germination. However, radiation treatment hampered the growth of seeds resulting in underdeveloped sprouts with decreased carotenoid, chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, and total phenol contents. In general, e-beam and $\gamma$-ray irradiation of red radish seeds showed similar effects on the seed viability and functional properties of sprouts. Postharvest storage reduced the functional quality of sprouts.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2016

PURPOSES: This paper investigates behavior and performance of concrete pavement in tunnel based on temperature data from field. METHODS : In this study, there are 4 contents to evaluate concrete pavement in tunnel, First, Comparison for distress was conducted at outside, transition, and inside part of tunnel. Secondly, temperature data was collected in air and inside concrete pavement in outside and inside tunnel. Thirdly, FEM analysis was performed to evaluate stress condition, based on temperature data from field. Finally, performance prediction was done with KPRP program. RESULTS: From the distress evaluation, failure of inside tunnel was much less than it of outside tunnel, Temperature change in tunnel was less than out side, and also it was more stable. According to result of FEM analysis, both curling stress status of inside tunnel was lower than it of outside tunnel. Based on KPRP program analysis, performance of inside tunnel was longer than outside. CONCLUSIONS : Through all study about behavior and performance of concrete pavement in tunnel, condition in tunnel has more advantages from environmental and distress point of view. Therefore, performance of inside tunnel was better than outside.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.617-635
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• 2021

This paper numerically investigated the behavior of built-up square concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns under combined preload and axial compression. The finite element (FE) models of target columns were verified in terms of failure mode, axial load-deformation curve and ultimate strength. A full-range analysis on the axial load-deformation response as well as the interaction behavior was conducted to reveal the composite mechanism. The parametric study was performed to investigate the influences of material strengths and geometric sizes. Subsequently, influence of construction preload on the full-range behavior and confinement effect was investigated. Numerical results indicate that the axial load-deformation curve can be divided into four working stages where the contact pressure of curling rib arc gradually disappears as the steel tube buckles; increasing width-to-thickness (B/t) ratio can enhance the strength enhancement index (e.g., an increment of 1.88% from B/t=40 to B/t=100), though ultimate strength and ductility are decreased; stiffener length and lip inclination angle display a slight influence on strength enhancement index and ductility; construction preload can degrade the plastic deformation capacity and postpone the origin appearance of contact pressure, thus making a decrease of 14.81%~27.23% in ductility. Finally, a revised equation for determining strain εscy corresponding to ultimate strength was proposed to evaluate the plastic deformation capacity of built-up square CFST columns.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.122-134
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• 2022

This study is conducted on hardening leather with improved firmness and stability of shape, based on research on types and thickness of leather. The purpose of this study is to test the physical properties of the leather for molding to prepare the foundation for leather molding based on the test results using four methods by thickness of Vegetable and Split. The tests were conducted using a total of five leather types, including three types of vegetable leathers and two types of split, by thickness. Based on the testing method for leathers in KS M 6882, the tests were performed at 27℃ with relative humidity of 65±20%. The samples were prepared with cowhide, size 9cm× 2cm. The measurement parameters are length and width. thickness, volume, mass, density. Regarding the hardening treatment method, changes in appearance and major physical characteristics of leather were reviewed by soaking in hot water, dry heating, hammering, waxing, and olive oil coating. The study results are as follows. In planar works, it is judged that hardening work using a hammer is more suitable for stiffness or density in order to prevent easy breakage with adult muscle density, rather than boiling water or baking. In conclusion, there is no curling, soot, or breaking phenomenon, and the densest curing method is 50℃ for 20 sec of V2 and 75℃ for 60 sec of V2 in boiling water. The combination of paraffin treatment improve waterproof and quality.