• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.425-432
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• 2005

Purpose : Polyglutamine diseases are a group of diseases caused by the expansion of a polyglutamine tract in the protein. The present study was performed to verify if polyglutamine disease transgenic Drosophila models show similar dysfunctions as are seen in human patients. Methods : Polyglutamine disease transgenic Drosophila were tested for their climbing ability. And using genetic methods, the effects of anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2 and chemical chaperones on neurodegeneration were observed. Also, spinocerebellar ataxia 2 (SCA2) transgenic Drosophila lines were generated for future studies. Results : Expanded forms of spinocerebellar ataxia 3 (SCA3) transgenic protein causes characteristic locomotor dysfunction when expressed in the nervous system of Drosophila but the anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2 shows no evidence of ameliorating the deleterious effect of the expanded protein. However, Glycerol, a chemical chaperone, seemed to reduce the toxicity, at least in the eyes of the transgenic flies. The level SCA2 expression is too weak in the transgenic SCA2 Drosophila for evaluation. Conclusion : SCA3 transgenic Drosophila show ataxic behavior as observed in human patients. Chemical chaperones such as glycerol may prove beneficial in this class of genetic disease, which has no current method of cure.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.251-255
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• 2007

We made $(1-x)BCB-xBNT(BaNd_2Ti_4O_{12})$ (x=20, 30, 40, 50 vol%) composite thick film with a high dielectric constant and low loss by the hand casting method. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss of prepared thick film are measured at 1MHz and curing behavior of the film are observed through thermal analysis such as DSC. We investigated the effect of contents of BNT filler and curing behavior of film on dielectric properties of BCB-BNT composite. Dielectric constant increased with increasing BNT filler from 20 to 50 vol% and dielectric loss ($tan{\delta}$) decreased with increasing BNT filler. Dielectric constant and loss ($tan{\delta}$) of composite material was not nearly dependent on the curing behavior. But as a result of TCC (Temperature Characteristics of Coefficient) decreased with increasing the curing temperature, we confirmed that the curing of these composite system is most stable above $250^{\circ}C$.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.1235-1243
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• 2012

This study was attempted in order to offer basic data for performing systematic and desirable task through improving job by surveying the actual condition and the task weight in dental hygienists. As a result of analyzing daily task weight in subjects of this study, the ratio of medical-cure cooperation task was indicated to be highest with 35.45%. It was indicated to be in order of periodontal therapy service with 21.54%, of administration & management task with 16.08%, of oral health education task with 15.88%, and of preventive treatment service with 11.23%. As for kind-based utilization ratio of the oral health education contents and oral health education data, a toothbrushing education method by subject was indicated most highly with 3.70 points. It was indicated to be in order of usage on oral hygiene device with 3.51 points, of educational method on regular check-up with 3.26 points, of educational method of preventing dental disease with 3.13 points, and of educational method on diet control with 1.39 points. Jaw-plate model was indicated to be used the most with 38.0%. It was indicated to be in order of orally explaining with 23.9% and of camera inside the mouth with 12.2%. Thus, establishment of a system is considered to be necessary in order to promote quality of oral health education for patients in the future by performing diverse programs with high utilization value in addition to a steady interest.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.71-87
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• 1998

Even though appropriate immune response is necessary for the survival of the individual, excessive or insufficient immune Response might cause autoimmune or allergic disease. So the immune response must be controlled to the degree that is beneficial for the well being of the individual. This study was undertaken to know the effects of Gunleetang Gagambang on the immune system of the mouse. Gunleetang Gagambang has been used for cure of tumor as a traditional medicine without any experimental evidence to support the rational basis for its clinical use. This study was carried out to evaluate the possible therapeutic or antitumoral effects of Gunleetang Gagambang extract against tumor, and to carry out some mechanisms responsible for its effect. Some kinds of tumor were induced by the typical application of 3-methylcholanthrene(MCA) or by the implantation(s.c) of malignant tumor cells such as leukemia cells(3LL cells) or sarcoma cells(S180 cells). Treatment of the Gunleetang Gagambang on water-extract(dailly 1mg/mouse, i. p.) was continued for 7 days prior to tumor induction and after that the treatment was lasted for 20 days. Against squamous cell carcinoma induced by MCA, Gunleetang Gagambang decreased not only the frequency of tumor production but also the number and the weight of tumors per tumor bearing mice(TBM). Gunleetang Gagambang on also significantly suppressed the development of 3LL cell and S180 cell-implanted tumors in occurrence-frequency and their size. and some developed tumors were regressed by the continuous treatment of Gunleetang Gagambang extract into TBM. In vitro, treatment of Gunleetang Gagambang extract had no effect on the growth of some kinds of cell line such as FsaII, A431 strain but significantly inhibited the proliferation of 3LL, S180 cells and augmented the DNA synthesis of mitogen-activated lymphocytes. Gunleetang Gagambang also stimulated the migrative ability of leukocyte, the MIF and IL-2 production of T lymphocytes, but not IL 6 production of B cells. Gunleetang Gagambang administration to mice enhanced NK cells activities. These results demonstrated that Gunleetang Gagambang extract exhibited a significant prophylactic benefits against tumors and its antitumor activity was manifested depending on the type of tumor cells. And these results also suggested that effect of Gunleetang Gagambang might be chiefly due to nonspecitie enhancement of NK cell activities and cell-mediated immune responses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.111-121
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• 1998

This is the study to the effect that the problems of the protective institution where the whole health of school is performed should be solved for the purpose of much more effective school business after investigating the situations of the management about health system in the elementary school of seoul city The subjects of the research are five students of the school which practices health class in the protective institution, five students of the school which puts health class to practice in each classroom and five nursing teachers who work for each elementary school Its data resulted from that from July to September 1997, I visited five schools in person at Kang nam ku, Dong chak ku, Yong san ku, Kwan ak ku, Kang dong ku and then I met and talked with the nursing teacher and the children Through this inspection and interpretation, I could figure out such things as follows. 1 The structure of the nursing room is so small that it has quite a few things inconvenient for the children and the nursing teacher to use together So for the sake of the health in school, first of all, Its size has to be larger 2. The name as the protective institution has to be changed into the health room. And the room for rest cure, dressing room, counselling room and the room for the health education should be equipped with the inside of health room 3 The nursing teacher as a health teacher has to carry out the health class at a health room. 4 It was required that the principal and the Ministry of Education should be highly interested in the health of school In particular, the advice for instructing expert agents about the health and the cooperation of the principal was urgently demanded. Through the result above, the health of school will be accomplished not only in first-aid treat and injection but also in the education about health as a main duty And the nursing teacher also can play a role as a teacher for health fully The programming, practice and estimation of the health room of the business for health in school will be feedback.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 1998

Acupuncture and Radix Astragali aqua-acupuncture stimuli have long been used to cure human diseases. However, it still remains to be unkown on its action mechanism, physiolosical and biochemical aspects. Thus, many attempts were made to show the scientific background covering the above mentioned mechanisms. Most recent studies show that these tests improve blood circulatory system and increase leucocyte counts. In this study, we have applied the acupuncture stimuli to mouse Sinsu(BL-23), which is a stimulative point of oriental medicine, to see if cytokine such as IL-6 can be detected. Mice were treated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) for inflammation induction, and then reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using each primer set was performed to trace the amounts of mRNA. The results are summarized as follows ; 1. IL-6 was not temporarily expressed in normal mice 15 min after the acupuncture was pulled out. But, it started to show a feeble expression at 30 min after the removal of acupuncture and it started to reduce at 1h. after the acupuncture was pulled out 2. IL-6 was specifically expressed in LPS-treated mouse 30 min after the acupuncture was pulled out. The transcriptional expressions of LPS-treated mice were more effective than those of normal mice at 30 min after the removal of acupuncture 3. IL-6 was not temporarily expressed in normal mice 15 min after Radix Astragali aqua-acupuncture. But it expressed most highly at 30 min, and the transcriptional expressions of IL-6 was continued to 3 h. 4. IL-6 was not expressed in all the time after Radix Astragali aqua-acupuncture in LPS-treated mice. Therefore, a follow-up of cytokine IL-6 can be used not only a basis of the effect of acupuncture and Radix Astragali aqua-acupuncture but a diagnosis giude through the immunological action of thats. And, it is suggested that cytokine's expression by Acupuncture and Radix Astragali aqua-acupuncture stimulation should be continuously elucidated.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2016

In this research, it used cement powder and reduction slag, which generates high hydration heat in hydration reaction without heat cure below $-5^{\circ}C$ degree. Purpose of final research is preventing freezing and thawing by making the compressive strength 5MPa in 3days below zero temperature due to own heat of concrete. and it is the result of physical characteristic and thermal property evaluation of reduction slag. Because reduction slag generates high hydration heat, compressive strength development is excellent. By generating highly hydration heat by $C_{12}A_7$ and $C_3A$ in reduction slag, compressive strength is developed in low temperature. In case of displacing only reduction slag without $SO_3$, it is indicated that quick-setting occurs by shortage of $SO_3$. For preventing quick-setting, gypsum is used essentially. According to this research result, in case of using reduction slag and gypsum as a ternary system, compressive strength developed 5MPa in 3 days below zero temperature. It is identified to prevent early frost damage of concrete below zero temperature.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.617-622
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• 2017

In this study, we sought to develop an effective cloning system by which human cytochrome $b_5$ (cyt $b_5$) is introduced and expressed in zebrafish. First, the 414 bp human cyt $b_5$ gene was amplified from RNA extracts of HeLa cells using RT-PCR, and the amplicon was subsequently sequenced to confirm that it was intact. Next, cyt $b_5$ was cloned into the pEGFP-N3 vector, which also encodes a fluorescent gene. One-cell stage zebrafish embryos were microinjected with the recombinant vector containing the cyt $b_5$ gene. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed high expression of the fluorescent gene in the injected fry compared to the non-fluorescent control fry. Finally, we extracted RNA from the injected fry and performed RT-PCR to determine whether the human cyt $b_5$ gene is expressed in the transgenic zebrafish. Sequencing analysis further confirmed that the cloned human cyt $b_5$ gene was intact. The transgenic zebrafish model produced in this study will be a useful tool to study therapeutic approaches to cure various diseases related to the deficiency of functional human cyt $b_5$ as well as tools for cloning useful genes in fish.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.391-400
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• 2011

Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs and respiratory system and can be classified by a variety of factors such as infectious agents, etiology, infection area, and other criteria. From a 46-year-old male, who was suspected of being infected with atypical pathogen pneumonia and underwent such tests as serological testing, examination of sputum, urine examination, parasite examination, bronchoscopy, needle biopsy and so on, no significant abnormality was found. This patient also showed no specific symptoms like auscultatory abnormalities, high fever, nonproductive cough, muscle stiffness, sputum production, dyspnea. Prescription of broad-spectrum oral antibiotics and ant-parasitic didn't seem to be effective against bacterial and atypical pathogen. The patient's condition alternately repeated between natural cure and recurrence. The average healing process during which scarring, nodule recurrence and disappearance on the lungs happened was about 20 days. Chest radiography and chest high resolution computerized tomographic scans(HRCT scan) was performed to depict parenchymal aberrations and demarcate the extent and distribution of atypical pathogen pneumonia. As a result, chest radiography did not show the specific symptoms, whereas areas of opacity (seen as white) which represent consolidation were revealed in chest HRCT scan. This indicates that only chest radiography is not that useful for early diagnosis of atypical pathogen pneumonia in patients, since it can't show exactly what the symptom is because of the barriers such as diaphragm, liver, and spine. Therefore, it is desirable that chest HRCT should be used in the diagnosis to compare with the results of chest radiography. Here, report with literature investigations the case of recurrent atypical pathogen pneumonia.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.21-33
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• 2007

Statement of problem: The esthetic component of dental care has become increasingly more important, while new tooth-colored materials are continually marketed. Various new indirect composite materials have been developed with required advantages. The most recent development in the indirect composites has been the introduction of the second-generation laboratory composite or poly-glass materials. They are processed by different laboratory techniques based on combinations of heat, pressure, vacuum and light polymerization. Although, second generation products became available in 1995, their characteristics and clinical performance have not been adequately investigated. Purpose: The aim of this study was to measure the mechanical properties of the second generation indirect resin system and compare these with an existing universal direct composite resin. Material and method: In this study four indirect composite material (Adoro LC, BelleGlass HP, Tescera, Synfony) were tested for flexural strength, wear resistance, hardness and their degree of conversion against Z250, a light cure direct composite. Results: Within the limitations of this study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. From the abrasion wear result, Adoro showed the least volume loss while Synfony showed the greatest volume loss. Z250 and BelleGlass HP didn't show significant difference (p>0.05), but they showed significant difference with other groups (p<0.05). From the attrition wear, BelleGlass HP showed the least volume loss and it didn’t show significant difference with Tescera (p>0.05). While Synfony showed the greatest volume loss that it showed significant difference with other groups (p>0.05). 2. Mean values of flexural strength by means of three point bending test was in the order of Z250, Adoro, Belleglass HP, Tescera and Synfony. Mean elastic modulus was in the order of Z250, BelleGlass HP, Tescera, Adoro and Synfony. 3. The result of Vicker‘s microhardness value showed that significantly higher value in Z250 (p<0.05), and is in the order of BelleGlass HP, Tescera, Adoro and Synfony. 4. The degree of conversion measured by FT-IR showed significantly higher value in BelleGlass HP (p<0.05), and is in the order of Adoro, Synfony, Tescera and Z250. Conclusion: Significant differences were found in the flexural strength, wear resistance, hardness and their degree of conversion.