• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.390-393
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• 1990

A cellobiohydrolase was purified from the culture broth of Trichoderma uiride by using immunoaffinity chromatography. A single protein band in polyacylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectrofocusing after immunoaffinity purification corresponded to cellobiohydrolase activity. A immunoaffinity purified cellobiohydrolase is more effective in the hydrolysis of highly crystalline cellulose than amorphous cellulose.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.491-494
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• 1994

Antibiotic HS-2 was purified from the culture broth of Streptomyces plicatosporus which was isolated from soil, by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography and gel filtration. Through the analysis of UV, $^{1}$H-NMR, $^{13}$C-NMR spectrum, HS-2 was identified as rubiginone B$_{2}$. It was confirmed that HS-2 enhanced the cytotoxicity of colchicine against multidrug-resistant tumor cells.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.78.2-78.2
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• 2008

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.942-945
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• 2006

A novel quinone derivative, Griseusin C (1), along with a known quinone, Naphthoquinone C (2), was isolated from the lyophilized culture broth of the marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. The structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D-and 2D-NMR, as well as HRESIMS, spectroscopic analysis. The relative stereochemistries of the compounds were assessed by NOESY analysis.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.554-559
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• 1995

MT 2511-5 was purified as a inhibitor of phospholipase C(PLC) from culture broth of a Streptmyces sp. NO. 2511-5. It was identified as scopafungin, 36-membered marcrolide by physico-chemical and spectroscopic data. Its $IC_{50}$ was 30.mu.M against phospholipase C and it also showed inhibitory activity against some fungi.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.162-169
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• 2007

Immune activities of two different extracts of Kadsura japonica Dunal. by typical extraction processes using water and ethanol at 60 $^{\circ}$C and 100 $^{\circ}$C were compared to them by ultrasofication system and through traditional fermemtation process. The fermented broth Kadsura japonica Dunal. definitely improved the growth of human B and T cell up to 30% and 22%, respectively, compared to the control. The secretion of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-60 was also enhanced by the addition of the fermented broth, up to 35%. NK cell activation was significantly improved up to 1.4 times higher than the case of adding other extracts. It was also found that this broth could yield higher nitric oxide production from macrophage than Lipopolysaccharides (LPS). It can be concluded that Kadsura japonica has immune activities and, in general, the culture broth from a conventional fermentation has higher immune activities, possibly by yielding immuno-modulatory compounds, not existed in typcial extraction systems as the result of HPLC analysis.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.174-183
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• 2016

In the present study, a serum-based minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing to caspofungin was optimized and evaluated to solve the limitations of the conventional Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline-based antifungal agent MIC test and the usefulness of this testing for clinical application was determined. A total of 105 Candida albicans clinical isolates were used for measuring MIC to caspofungin. Results showed that growth characteristics were different according to types of serum and the mouse serum was the most suitable for this assay. In order to measure the optimal concentration of mouse serum, 0 to 100% mouse serum were added to the media during fungal culture. The optimal concentration of serum was 50% when consideration of antifungal agent administration and inoculum size, serum components and ease of hyphae separated, and the consideration of the degree of growth. In comparison of the usefulness between the conventional Alamar-modified broth microdilution MIC assay and 50% mouse serum-based MIC testing, the range of $MIC_{80}$ of the Alamar-modified broth microdilution MIC assay was $0.13{\sim}2.0{\mu}g/mL$ (SD ${\pm}0.42{\mu}g/mL$) and that of the 50% mouse serum-based MIC assay was $2.0{\sim}32.0{\mu}g/mL$ (SD ${\pm}9.01{\mu}g/mL$). The range of $MIC_{50}$ of the Alamar-modified broth microdilution MIC assay was $0.13{\sim}2.0{\mu}g/mL$ (SD ${\pm}0.40{\mu}g/mL$) and that of the 50% mouse serum-based MIC assay was $1.0{\sim}16.0{\mu}g/mL$ (SD ${\pm}2.36{\mu}g/mL$). The MICs of 50% mouse serum-based MIC testing was increased by up to 4 to 64 times than Alamar-modified broth microdilution MIC assay. In conclusion, a 50% mouse serum-based MIC assay was more useful for measuring MIC in Candida albicans clinical isolates than conventional colorimetric broth microdilution MIC testing.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.367-375
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• 2003

The puree of Rubus coreanus was fermented using lactic acid bacteria and its biological activities were examined. Lactobacillus acidophilus KCCM 32820, L. casei KCCM 12452, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis KCCM 40104, and Streptococcus thermophilus KCCM 40430 were used as a single or mixed starter for the lactic acid fermentation, and their cultures at the late logarithmic growth phase were inoculated to final concentration of 2% (v/v). L. casei fermented the puree of Rubus coreanus best when used as a single starter, and the culture of L. casei and L. lactis with the inoculation ratio of one to one showed the highest fermentation activity when used as a mixed starter. However, the fermented broth of the puree of Rubus coreanus using L. acidophilus and S. thermophilus showed the best results in the sensory evaluation. The optimal lactic acid fermentation conditions were as follows; the concentration of oligosaccharide added was 1% (w/v), pH of puree and fermentation temperature were 4.0 and $37^{\circ}C$, respectively, and fermentation time was $72{\sim}96$ hours. Glucose and fructose were major free sugars, and the content of lactic acid was 698.2 mg/100 g in the fermented broth. The fermented broth of the puree of Rubus coreanus showed the electron donating ability and nitrite scavenging ability with the value of 69% and 38.3% at pH 1.2, respectively. SOD-like activity and inhibitory activity on xanthine oxidase were also found in the fermented broth with the value of 60.3% and 41.8%, respectively. When the antimicrobial activities of the fermented broth were examined, it showed the highest growth inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli O-157:H7, and also contained antimicrobial activities against Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.183-188
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• 2009

Seven isolates showing strong proteolytic activity, KYC 1028, 1100, 1134, 1139, 1151, 1159, and 1182, were collected. Out of them, the broth of KYC 1134 and KYC 1139 showed the high proteolytic activity measured by azocazein. To determine 16S rDNA sequences for identification, 16S rDNA of seven isolates were amplified and compared with the 16S rDNA sequences of other myxobacteria at NCBI. It is evident from the phylo-genetic tree that the isolates belong to the genus Myxococcus. Sharing high percentage similarity values with myxobacteria, the 16S rDNA sequences were involved in two species, Myxococcus macrospores and M. Fulvus. Biochemical characteristics of KYC 1134 broth, which showed the highest proteolytic activity, showed increased activity 8 times to seven days after culture, and protein production were increased gradually and stopped at five days. The broth had optimal temperature at $60^{\circ}C$ for proteolytic activity, and stability of pH was ranged from pH 5 to 10, at $50^{\circ}C$ and 60, respectively. To classify proteases being in the broth, ten inhibitors were determined and only bestatin showed 27% inhibition effect. The inhibition result demonstrates that the broth contains kinds of amino peptidases and other exopeptidases.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.143-152
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• 2013

Aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of animals, has several physiological effects including anti-hypertensive, diuretic, tranquilizing, and anti-stress properties, in humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate Lactobacillus plantarum K74, which was isolated from kimchi and selected as a strain with a high ability to produce GABA, to develop a new starter culture for fermented milk production. L. plantarum K74 produced $134.52{\mu}g/mL$ GABA in MRS broth containing 1% MSG, $212.27{\mu}g/mL$ GABA in MRS broth containing 2% MSG, and $234.63{\mu}g/mL$ GABA in MRS broth containing 3% MSG. The optimum growth temperature of L. plantarum K74 was $34^{\circ}C$, reaching a pH of 4.4 after 18 hours of growth. L. plantarum K74 was most sensitive to novobiocin out of 16 different antibiotics tested, and was most resistant to kanamycin and polymyxin B. L. plantarum K74 did not produce ${\beta}$-glucuronidase, a carcinogenic enzyme, and was comparatively tolerant to bile juice and low pH. Furthermore, it displayed resistance to Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus at rates of 54.9%, 46.3%, and 0.7%, respectively.