• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.83-107
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• 2014

This paper studies the effects of economic development and cultural proximity as common determinants of trade in cultural goods in a dynamic preference selection model. For the empirical analysis, this paper utilizes the gravity framework with importer fixed effects and Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimators. This paper applies the model to Korean export of broadcasting contents to Asian countries. The relative economic development of the export country and the market size of the import country are important determinants of cultural trade, the results of which are generally consistent with traditional goods trade. However, the distance variable does not show much significance, reflecting the unique characteristics of trade in cultural goods.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.595-610
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• 2016

This study investigates the parameters that affect the choice of Korean medical services, as well as the relationship between the cultural characteristics and the behavioral intention to use Korean medical services. The cultural characteristics of Chinese and Russian individuals have an impact on the national image and image of Korea's medical services, and that this affects their behavioral intention to use Korean medical services. Nevertheless, there were differences among the cultural characteristics, in terms of specific elements. Among Chinese individuals, the national image is affected by 'power distance', 'individualism-collectivism', and 'long-term orientation'; for Russians, it is affected by 'individualism-collectivism', 'power distance', 'uncertainty avoidance', and 'long-term orientation'. On the other hand, for Chinese, the image of Korean medical services is affected by 'power distance' and 'long-term orientation', while for Russians it is affected by 'power distance' and 'uncertainty avoidance'. These in turn influence their behavioral intention to use Korean medical services. As such, by recognizing these cultural properties, and by designing and offering suitable services with these in mind, Korean medical institutions can nurture among foreign visitors greater satisfaction and a desire to revisit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.433-445
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• 2017

This study uses a macro-viewpoint to investigate how female world leaders' clothing behaviors are different by nation and culture. This study conducted a comparative study on clothing behavior by cultural block in order to understand similarities and differences based on Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory. The findings are as follows. First, the clothing styles of female world leaders are categorized into classical suit style, national traditional style, and eclectic style. Second, classic suit style is more often found in countries characterized by high individualism, low power distance index, and low avoidance index. The style represents individual activity and rationality as well as trust towards women acting in men's roles. Third, a national traditional style is found in countries featuring high collectivism, high power distance index, and high uncertainty avoidance index. These countries share a culture that emphasizes harmony with the whole, rather than any one given part; consequently, clothing style represents a national identity (or the roles as a national member) rather than that of the individual level. Fourth, an eclectic clothing style is expressed in a mixture of classical suits and a national traditional style that depends on how much Eastern and Western cultures are reasonably compromised or Eastern tradition and Western culture coexist.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.36
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• pp.211-240
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• 2014

This is a cross-sectional study designed to analyze the correlation between the structural and social variables and the pattern of contraction and deletion of the copula verb in the speech of African American Vernacular English (AAVE) speakers in Athens in Georgia, USA using a questionnaire. The results show that the frequency of copula contraction is higher than that of deletion in all factor groups including the age of the speakers where this study found that younger speakers tend to have higher frequency of contraction and deletion of the copula than older speakers. This study analyzes this as a function of the fact that younger speakers of AAVE are conscious of the linguistic and social differences between AAVE speakers and speakers of Standard American English (SAE) and they consciously make choices regarding which norm to use at which contexts to satisfy their communicative and socio-cultural needs. This sort of conscious social behavior is not likely to disappear with age rather it might increase as a correlate of the perceived physical, socio-cultural and psychological distance between AAVE speakers and speakers of other varieties. This study shows that such perceived linguistic, socio-cultural and psychological distance has negative effects on pedagogy and I proffer the remedy.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.49-73
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• 2011

With the market evaluation of economic globalization exchanges between different cultures, cultural trade has been developing at an accelerated speed, and also playing an important role in East Asian intra-regional trade. In this research the author used gravity trade model to explain the causal relationship between dependent variable trade flows and several independent variables applying with five categories cultural goods which classified in HS codes. Firstly for cultural heritage trade flow, the results indicated that economic masses of bilateral countries have no significant influences on it; GDP per capita of host country and adjacency factor with partner country have significant negative influences on it; Internet coverage ratio has improved cultural heritages exchanges in East Asian regions. Secondly for printed matter cultural goods trade flow, the distance factor has significant negative influence but common language has significant positive influence on it. Thirdly for recorded media cultural goods, only economic masses and GDP per capita of bilateral countries can improved their trade flows. Fourthly for visual arts cultural products trade flows, almost all variables we tested have significant influences on it. Fifthly for cinema photography cultural goods trade flow, the influenced factor are same with cultural heritage products except they have strong positive interaction relationship with economic masses and common language. At last, the paper figured out some important and potential sectors for cultural goods trade in East Asia and gave some suggestions to government and cultural goods product enterprises.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.27 no.2_1
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• pp.297-306
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• 2024

This study identified the power distance tendency of firefighters. Power distance propensity is one of the important organizational and cultural factors that influence the development of the organization. There is a big difference in the attitude of the members of the organization to perform their work according to the tendency of the distance of power. As a result of the main study, the overall level of power distance propensity of the subjects was 2.55 points on average. In particular, there was a significant difference in the propensity of power distance according to class (p<0.05). In the future, it is necessary to study the effect of job characteristics according to the rank of firefighters on the propensity to distance power. It is expected to form a positive organizational culture of the firefighting organization by utilizing the power distance tendency of the members of the organization.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.247-260
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• 2017

Purpose: The study is aimed to identify the national cultural dimensions that are affecting the quality management (QM) maturity level and the project quality performance, and analyze their relationships. Methods: This study collected the data of QM Maturity level based on Crosby's QM maturity model and the project quality performance using the Iron Triangle (Quality, Time/Schedule and Cost) from the employees who are participating in the ITER Project across the major 8 countries (China, France, Italy, Japan, Korea, Russia, U.K. and U.S.A.). Three research hypotheses are proposed concerning the national cultural dimensions in this study and Hofstede's five cultural dimensions framework are used for the statistical test. Results: The results are two folds in the study: First, there is a significant positive correlation between the QM maturity level and the project quality performance. Second, three cultural dimensions (Collectivism, Large Power Distance and Strong Uncertainty Avoidance) and five cultural dimensions (Collectivism, Large Power Distance, Strong Uncertainty Avoidance, Feminity and Long Term Orientation) have a positive impact on the QM maturity level and the project quality performance respectively. Conclusion: From the results, the understanding and consideration of the culture difference among the countries participating International Collaboration R&D project are recommended.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.301-319
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• 2020

This study aims to explore the positive impact of Korean drama watching satisfaction on purchase intention for Korean products by considering the mediating roles of social distance to Korea, national image of Korea, and Korean product image. This study identified that Korean drama reduced the social distance to Korea while increasing the positive image of Koreas and Korean products. However, the reduced social distance was not positively associated with Korean product image and Korean product purchase intention. This implies that Korean dramas directly affect Korean product purchase intension and indirectly affect Korean national image and product image. This study supplies guidance to international marketers who aims to enter the Myanmar market. To use the Korean wave as a Korean product marketing tool, marketing strategies need to cover Korean culture-relevant materials such as cultural background, cultural characteristics, exposed products, and so on.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.251-255
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• 2022

The article considers the state and trends of distance learning in the world and Ukraine, identifies the main species differences between distance education and other forms of education, analyzes the state of the global market for educational services provided via the Internet. Important features and characteristics of distance learning, examples of its organization in higher education, as well as statistics on the development of distance learning in our country. The main problematic points on the way to the implementation of the distance education system in Ukraine and the factors that hinder the development of this promising form of education are outlined.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.4 s.51
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• pp.11-18
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• 2005

This study investigates and analyzes Catholic cultural traits in Gaudi's architectural designs on the assumption that the cultural identity of Spain has been built heavily on Catholic cultural tradition. Through examining thoroughly six residential buildings Gaudi designed, Catholic cultural traits were found in their interior ornaments, space formation, and expression of form. This study shows, first, that by making good use of interior ornaments, Gaudi sought to Catholic cultural uniformity among buildings that have different cultural characteristics. Second, with regard to space formation, he tended to build a chapel or an oratory inside structures which encouraged residents to worship in their home. Also, as for expression of form, his designs, expressing Catholic cultural features in various ways, succeeded to form visual uniformity among buildings and structures with a variety of styles. Lastly, by using properly Catholic cultural elements explained above and making those traits easily recognized even from a long distance, his architectural works represent very well the importance of Catholic culture as a foundation of Spain culture.