• 보존과학연구
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• s.14
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• pp.45-76
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• 1993

Au-Cu alloyed coating layer were found by Hg-amalgam process and it seemed to be used Cu-amalgam process similar to Au-amalgam. Coated layer is dense and unique, Thickness of layer was 1.5 to $18.0\mum$ which had 95.3 to 99.8% purity of gold Matrix metal mostly cosists of forged copper alloy which had high purity and ferrite ($\alpha$) strusture. It showed excellent refining technical level at that time. Aowever, the nail, ferrous matrix used for strength needed, composed of silver foil packed and gold layer for adherence between ferrous matrix and gold layer

• 보존과학연구
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• s.14
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• pp.1-34
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• 1993

1. Metallurgical Properties of Iron artifacts excavated from Yangju-Mountain fortress were studied for the scientific conservation and metallurgical history of ancient Iron artifacts.2. Iron artifacts form Yangju-Mountain fortress were found to be the products of having well-established Carburizing and remelting technique in that period.3. These artifacts seem to be manufactured from very pure ores, because very pure ferrite structure and low impurity.4. Especially evidence of very suitable carburizing technic well-established and usealloying method of Fe-C system on purpose were found.5. Cast iron artifacts were found to be eutectic composition (4.31%) having lowestmelting point in Fe-C system.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.29
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• pp.479-501
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• 2012

In this paper, I analyzed the russian cultural content of the russian textbook according to curriculum changes. The aim of this study is to analyze the content of the russian textbooks on russian culture. Our education of russian language begins in high school as a second language. And russian education in high school entirely depend on the textbook. In these circumstances, Russian textbooks play a very important role in the Russian language learning. For a practical and efficient language learning, acquisition of cultural knowledge is very important. Because cultural content can be learning motivational factors. But the contents of a textbook is not satisfactory enough to teach russian culture. More efficient textbook must be developed to advance student's linguistic ability.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.65-67
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• 2021

This paper fills a gap in smart tourism research by investigating the link between online representations and their physical counterparts. This sort of phenomenology visualizes a doubled cultural mimesis that can be described by the story of the ship of Theseus, where the original is replaced by an ongoing process of installing new components. In this sense, social reality is conceptualized as having real cultural events and the production of cultural items as well as having digital reproductions that appear and circulate online. These are accessed by a variety of platforms where reality is simulated onsite through augmented reality technology or remotely through forms of virtual reality. This paper seeks to frame and to present this notion and its potential impacts on destination culture particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.443-456
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• 2017

The Geumran-gasa (Kasaya) and Jangsam of the monk Samyeong are historical relics and were designated as object No.29, a Buddhist costume of the Joseon Dynasty, by the National Folklore Cultural Heritage, in 1973. In 1984, after being treated for the purposes of washing and preserving the shape of the garments, the object was kept in the Temple Museum of Pyochungsa, as their holding institution. However, regular inspection conducted by the Cultural Heritage Administration in 2013 determined the need for a re-treatment. The Geumran-gasa had been originally made with 25 strips, but it had been separated into two parts and many pieces were lost. A part of the collar in the Jangsam was lost as well. Therefore, both relics needed to be restored. The re-treatment process involved pre-investigation, washing, reinforcement fabric dyeing, restoration, and fumigation. In particular, we focused on reinforcing the damaged parts and restoring the missing parts by applying advanced materials and methods in order to restore the original form as much as possible. This conservation is the result of the re-treatment of the cultural properties by replacing the old material used in past treatments and applying advanced methods under the basic principle of reversibility in conservation treatment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.270-282
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• 2016

A community center is situated near the residential areas and is the public facility that acts as the core of local cultural activities. A community center, as the general cultural activities increases, is transforming into a facility that promotes the community restoration and living convenience such as welfare, sports, art activities, and education etc. beyond location of simple leisurely activities. This study considers local residents' accessibility through the renovation of preexisting community center.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.19-25
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• 2008

Nihombashi district, which is located in a heart of Tokyo Metropolitan area, has been flourished as a Japanese economic and cultural center since Tokyo was developed as a capital. Nihombashi district has still remained the Edo idea of stylishness since the government of Edo was established in 1603. During Edo period, population of Edo (former name of Tokyo) reached one million. Edo became one of big city around the world. Nihombashi district has been transformed as economical, financial and cultural center, along with modern transformation of Tokyo. During high economic growth (1955-1975), Nihombashi Bridge and River, which used to a symbol of Tokyo, have been covered with elevated highways. The river was polluted whereas the river does not have any relationship with people's daily activities. Since Japan has focused on environment concern in 80's, people and companies in Nihombashi district and Nihombashi River also requested to restore Nihombashi district and Nihombashi River. There are a lot of projects going on related to regenerate the river and the community, such as to remove highways covered with the river, restore river environment and run water navigation. This article mentioned to introduce the project of Nihombashi River and Nihombashi district that regenerate the community to capitalize history and geographic characteristics in Nihombashi district, to run water navigation through the river, and to review outcomes through various projects.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.295-307
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• 2019

In the process of the conservation treatment of the glass eyes of the stone standing Maitreya of Daejosa temple, Buyeo (Treasure No. 217), a blackish material, expected to be the adhesive for fixing the glass eyes, was collected and analyzed. Infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (pyrolysis/GC/MS) were employed to identify the organic material in the sample. The IR analysis revealed the presence of materials such as apatite or bone black. The pyrogram of the sample was similar to that of Asian lacquer, among traditional adhesives. In particular, the pyrolysis/GC/MS analysis with online methylation detected 1,2-dimethoxy-3-pentadecylbenzene, methyl 7-(2,3- dimethoxyphenyl) heptanoate, and methyl 8-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)octanoate. These are known to be the pyrolysis products of catechol and its oxidation product, which indicated the presence of Asian lacquer in the sample. X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, and thermal gravimetry analysis showed that the sample contained ca. 60% inorganic substances, including apatite. Radiocarbon dating of the sample suggested that the blackish material was applied between the late 13^th and early 15^th century, revealing some discrepancy with the art-historical manufacturing time of the Maitreya. From the above analysis, it was concluded that Asian lacquer and bone ash were used to attach the glass eyes by forming a thick blackish lacquer layer.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.203-211
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• 2010

Analytic research on the surface pollutant of the three storied-pagoda at the west of Gameunsaji site as well as studies of previous wet cleaning cases was undertaken in order to decide cleaning method for removing inorganic pollutants. The status of pollutant was examined by naked eye observation, SEM-EDS, XRD. Then it was compared and categorized through qualitive and quantitative analysis. The result showed that the surface pollutants consisted of iron compounds or sulfur compounds and it was crystallized in the form of circle, oval, needle, etc. Result, Low-pressure rotating vortex process cleaning, with which particular matters are sprayed in swirl, is considered to be the best method to remove the pollutants.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.361-370
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• 2010

The open pore of stone cultural heritage is not expected to have an effect only by consolidation, and it has a drawback that only the internal wall adheres and gets consolidated due to the incrase of liquidity caused by the low viscosity and difference of materials in the case of filling with high molecules synthetic resins. Therefore, this research selected the effective filler for Three-storied Stone Pagoda at the West of Gameunsaji Site through the verification of filling effects of materials using the information about various fillers based on minerals. As the result of filler experiment, got filled with the combination of KSE 500 STE + KSE Filler A${\cdot}$KSE Filler B that is the same as the Member or has very similar properties. The total surface area of the west stone is $252.6m^2$ and the area where the internal opening has been developed is $17.77m^2$(7.03%) requiring a task that fills the internal($24,885m{\ell}$).