• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.312-326
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• 2004

Symbol is one of the most profound ways to express the essence of human beings, as well as the most representative non-verbal communication medium. In this study, the descriptions of the clothing and ornaments of the main characters of the novel Little Women were excerpted from the Korean translation version. Based on the hidden symbols from the descriptions, after analyzing the characteristics of the main characters of the novel through their clothing and ornaments, the connection between the clothing and the symbols reflecting the internal workings of the mind was analyzed based on the previous theories on symbols. As proven in this study, since the clothing and ornaments directly symbolize the characteristics of the person, without any explicit statements about his/her characteristics, the clothing itself speaks volumes about them. Clothing is the most accurate visual symbol that speaks of the person's social, economic, and psychological aspects. The use of special clothing and ornaments or the highlight on certain parts reveals the characteristics of the character and his/her situations more effectively. In conclusion, literary, including novels well describes not only external factors, such as the social and cultural status of society and the character's economic situation, but also an individual's psychology such as his/her emotions and personalities. Therefore, the clothing that the character wears in a literary work symbolically reflects these factors.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.93-96
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• 2011

'Hanok(韓屋)' is the settlement that our ancestors completed for our lives through multiple verifications. Thus, there exists our nation's identity and a variety of tangible and intangible cultural elements are included in that settlement. Even though the dwelling planning of Hanok has been introduced by the modern trends of traditional style, it can not present the type of various space compositions according to the area and living characteristics and it shows a disparity in our real life through the introduction of the traditional Hanok's elements which are not fit into contemporary housing without filtration. To solve these problems, it must need to study on cases based on the present situation of the Hanok and analysis on characteristics. For the Hanok to meet the development of modern residence, there needs to study on many fields such as plan, complex, structure, material. Among them, this study intends to present the preliminary data for the improvement of Hanok's effectiveness by understanding and analyzing the current situation focusing on the natural transformation of Hanok which are currently building in Milyang Area. Also, as the second step of this study, this study attempts to analyze based on the present situation of New Hanok in Kyeongnam province by expanding the range.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.103-116
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• 2010

In view of our contemporary fashion, it is found that crossover between clothing and other items leads to creation of a new design and crossover of various cultural codes, ultimately creating a multicultural clothing design or any external outline of emerging costume designs by attempting mutual combination with other fields. Starting from a viewpoint that mutual combination style has significant effects on our contemporary fashion designs, this study intends to characterize external aspects of fashion design that changes through mutual combination style. This study focused upon analyzing costumes released by contemporary fashion designers after 2000, and addressed a variety of mutual combination styles. It gives various examples on mutual combination in fashion, seeking first to look into typical examples of mutual combination styling between fashion and art, between fashion and space and between fashion and technology. Based on those examples, this study classified crossover styles into 6 major categories such as attachment, suspension, modification, fusion, association and embedment. As a result, this study comes to a conclusion that external changes by mutual combination are characterized largely by overlap, simultaneity and deconstruction.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.381-389
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• 2012

This study was conducted to analyze the weight factors for siting the electric facilities using Analytic Heirarchy Process technique participating the stakeholders. Siting the electric facilities has been a dispute of long standing because of landscape damage, geological deformation and various environmental problems such as electromagnetic effect to human health. For analyzing the weight factors by AHP technique, the questionnaire process was applied to the fifteen committee members including representatives of resident, academic experts, members of local assembly, officers of local government, journalists, etc. in Gangwondo, Korea. Weight factors for siting the electric facilities by AHP committee members resulted in residential areas 35.06%, cultural assets 16.68%, landscape conservation 13.11%, large-scale ecological corridor 10.17%, connectability of electric transmission line 8.32% respectively. The distance from residential areas was the most important factor preferred by committee members for siting the electric facilities.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.107-116
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• 2004

In the modern society, magazine is a information communicating media which is an important element in assessing the whole of a nation's cultural standard. More subdivided fields of magazines are expanding according to the diversified concepts. As the variety of Korean edition of foreign magazines are increasing, the type of Women's magazines are also diversifying and expanding. By finding out the problems and analyzing the visual side of domestic women's magazines among the intense competition of the magazines, the design improvement program was requested. The analysis result from the visual side of domestic women's magazines tells us that the problem of current domestic women's magazines is that their identities are not clear. The cause can be divided into three reasons: First, it is the lack of creativity and originality. There is a limitation in arousing the readers' interests by designing the magazines with similar layouts. Second, there are no distinct design concepts in the magazines. It seems as if the uniformity is lacked as the impression the magazine gives is not clear. The diversification of layouts and the use of design elements could actually bring about a counter result. Third, the excessive advertisement pages is another reason. The ads that covers over 35% of the whole of the magazine can act as a factor that drops the readers' trust in the magazine.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.72-83
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to understand the history of 20th century fashion and make-up culture, analyze trend of the modern fashion and make-up, creat a cyber make-up model according to themes and also it will find out how to use make-up as a part of fashion genre. As a result of this study is 1. Looking over change-process in 20th century fashion and make-up history, we can find the popular make-up color and pattern reflecting the society and cultural environments. And also make-up culture reflecting their sense of values and way of thinkings. 2. Analyzing fashion and make up color trend of 2002 F/W, we can find a similarity between fashion and make-up color trend by comparing with hue&tone chart. All of theme have a tendency to be natural, veiled, feminine by neutral color and artifical highlighted, illuminate, transparant by clear-high saturation color. 3. Creating imagemaps, color palletes and cyber model of 4 trend themes by computer graphic, It can give more visual and interesting effect on the cyber space, and also it can help to expect make-up will be dizitalized, visualized and informationalized.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.52-63
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• 2010

The Hanryu(韓流) phenomenon in and around Asia looks like slowing down lately. At that time, the research about contents that can inform the high traditional culture of Korea is useful. The references which can make a study about cultural clothes, especially paintings, let us to infer the life of the people of that period. In this research, I try to study the characteristics of customs, symbol and costumes by analyzing the paintings of Shin, Yun-Bok who was genre painter of the late Chosun. The mens are wearing dopo(道袍) and are putting sejodae(細條帶) around their waists and gat(黑笠). Also, We can see many different types of job such police, official man, a buddhist priest, a barmair, kisaeng and shaman through the costume. Most of women in the paintings, They are wearing Deep blue skirts, banhwoejang pale tone jeogori and tress. We discussed the common lives of the people through genre painting. They have satire, humor, and symbolism. Also, we can look into the various lifestyles, customs of times and seasons, ceremonial occasions, civilian beliefs, and plays ransmitted from the past. The philosophy in Shin, Yun- Bok's genre painting, is close to Taoism not Confucianism.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.58-61
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to develop an effective cost control model for university foodservice operations by analyzing student satisfaction, as well as foodservice income statements for operational characteristics. The specific objectives were to examine the satisfaction of students for various foodservice quality dimensions, to determine the financial activities performed in foodservice operations by operational type, to examine their income statement data, and lastly, to compare the student satisfaction for foodservice quality with the financial data of the income statements. A total of 545 students from one university answered a satisfaction survey. The one-year income statements of three union foodservices (self-operated, small-scale contracted, and large-scale contracted) at the same university were analyzed. The results showed that the self-operated union foodservice had lower student satisfaction scores and higher food and labor cost ratios. The small-scale contract management foodservice data indicated the highest student satisfaction scores and the lowest food and labor cost ratios. The large-scale contract management foodservice data showed medium scores when comparing the three union foodservice operations. Overall, by comparing the satisfaction scores and operational profits, the small-scale union foodservices showed the highest satisfaction scores and profit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.773-782
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• 2001

This study was to investigate the value changes in Korean women by analyzing the ads of womens magazines. The contents of ads were classified into two types of values: general and consumption values. The general values, composed of inner-directedness and outer-directrdness, might predict consumer behavior in general. The consumption values, utilitarians and hedonic, were expected to affect the consumer purchasing attitude to a specific product. Factors affecting the cultural values were per capita income and womens social status. Total 2969 illustrated ads with verbal theme from 32 Korean womens magazines were used. The content analysis, chi-square test, logistic regression were done for the analysis. The results showed that inner-directedness was dominant general value in Korean womens culture and increased over time. Younger consumers were more inner-directed than older ones were, and inner-directed values increased with income growth. For the consumption values, utilitarian values were higher than hedonic ones and went up over time. For the product types, utilitarian ads were frequent in cosmetics while hedonic ads were high for apparels. Those results implied that Korean womens culture became more inner-directed with increased income. Also consumption values were likely to differ between product groups. Per capita income was shown to increase inner-directedness while womens social status was to increase outer-directedness.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.79-95
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• 2007

A study was conducted in order to develope HACCP model in school lunch in Korea. Results: 1. Of 22 menus 4(18%) were non heating processes (#1), 2(9%) were food handling by using hands (#2), and 16(73%) were heating processes (#3). Of 279 menus 36(12.9%) belong to process #1, 8(2.9%) to process #2, and 235(84%) to process #3. 2. The critical control points for process #1 were contamination by hands of food handlers, and unsanitary food preparation habits of food handlers. Those for process #2 were improper heating temperature, contaminations by food handlers' hands, and unsanitary food handling habits, and cross contamination by unclean utensils and equipment. 3. Management criteria for the CCPs were conditions of food storage, refrigeration, freezing, food cooking temperature, personal hygiene, washing and sanitization of utensils and equipment. 4. Monitoring criteria for CCPs were observation, temperature checking, inspection of utensils and equipment, and practice of good personal hygiene. 5. Corrective actions were refusal of unsafe products, correction of improper temperature, proper cleaning and sanitization, and proper reheating time and temperature.