• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.223-229
• /
• 2017

BACKGROUND: Tillage systems and fertilization play an important role in crop growth and soil improvement. This study was conducted to determine the effects of tillage and fertilization on the microbial biomass C and dehydrogenase activity of soils in a field under cultivation of soybean. METHODS AND RESULTS: An experimental plot, located in the temperate climate zone, was composed of two main sectors that were no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT), and they were subdivided into four plots, respectively, in accordance with types of fertilizers (non fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, hairy vetch, and liquid pig manure). Microbial biomass C and dehydrogenase activity were evaluated from May to July in 2016. The microbial biomass C and dehydrogenase activity of NT soils were significantly higher than those of CT in all fertilizer treatments, and they were further increased in hairy vetch treatment than the other fertilizer treatments in both NT and CT. The dehydrogenase activity was closely related to microbial biomass C. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that application of green manure combined with no-tillage can provide viable management practices for enhancing microbial properties of soil.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.840-844
• /
• 2016

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a grain crop with high nutritional value. The leaves and sprouts of quinoa can also be consumed either raw or cooked, providing considerably nutritional value as well as high antioxidant and anticancer activities. This study was carried out to obtain basic data to assist in the practical design of a plant factory with artificial lighting for the cultivation of quinoa as a leafy vegetable. We estimated the energy content of the quinoa and the electrical energy required to produce this crop. The yield was 1,000 plants per day, with a planting density and light intensity of $0.015m^2$ ($15{\times}10cm$) and $200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, respectively. The total number of plants, cultivation area, and electricity consumption were estimated to be 25,000, $375m^2$, and $93,750{\mu}mol{\cdot}s^{-1}$, respectively. White fluorescent lamps were used at a power of 20.4 kW from 1,857 fluorescent lamps (FL, 55 W), and the cost for electricity was approximately 1,820 dollars (exchange rate of $1 = 1,200 won) per month. For a daily harvest of 1,000 plants per day in a closed plant factory, the estimated light installation cost, total installation cost, and total production cost would be 15,473, 46,421, and 55,704 dollars, respectively. The calculated production cost per plant, including labor costs, would be 27 cents for the 25-day cultivation period, with a marketable ratio of 80%. Considering the annual total expenses, income, and depreciation costs, the selling price per plant was estimated to be approximately 56 cents.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제47권4호
• /
• pp.1011-1020
• /
• 2020

Efficient management systems of facilities make it possible to manage environmental conditions properly, such as the temperature, humidity and light source required for the best growth of the crops, as well as for the mass production of fruit and vegetables with high quality every year through an advanced and protected cultivation system. Powdery mildew is a type of chronic disease that is difficult to control during the production of Korean melons under a protected cultivation system, the use of which is increasing in production areas in Korea. Two Bacillus strains isolated from soil samples showed antagonistic activities against several pathogens, specifically Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis; they were identified as Bacillus velezensis M2 and B. amyloliquefaciens M3 in a molecular biological test of the nucleotide sequences of gyrase subunit A (gyrA). The treatment was given three times at intervals of five days with 400-fold diluted cultures of B. velezensis M2 and B. amyloliquefaciens M3. This led to the inhibition of the incidence of powdery mildew disease in Korean melon leaves, which resulted in effective control efficiency against the incidence of powdery mildew disease with control values of 87% and 65%, respectively. Cultures of antagonistic microbes tested in this study can be used to increase the efficiency as part of an environmentally friendly management scheme to prevent powdery mildew disease during the protected cultivation of crops, including Korean melons.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.442-449
• /
• 2021

Background: Panax ginseng is an important crop in Asian countries given its pharmaceutical uses. It is usually harvested after 4-6 years of cultivation. However, various abiotic stresses have led to its quality reduction. One of the stress causes is high content of heavy metal in ginseng cultivation area. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can play a role in healthy growth of plants. It has been considered as a new trend for supporting the growth of many crops in heavy metal occupied areas, such as Aluminum (Al). Methods: In vitro screening of the plant growth promoting activities of five tested strains were detected. Surface-disinfected 2-year-old ginseng seedlings were dipping in Rhizobium panacihumi DCY116^T suspensions for 15 min and cultured in pots for investigating Al resistance of P. ginseng. The harvesting was carried out 10 days after Al treatment. We then examined H₂O₂, proline, total soluble sugar, and total phenolic contents. We also checked the expressions of related genes (PgCAT, PgAPX, and PgP5CS) of reactive oxygen species scavenging response and pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Results: Among five tested strains isolated from ginseng-cultivated soil, R. panacihumi DCY116^T was chosen as the potential PGPR candidate for further study. Ginseng seedlings treated with R. panacihumi DCY116^T produced higher biomass, proline, total phenolic, total soluble sugar contents, and related gene expressions but decreased H₂O₂ level than nonbacterized Al-stressed seedlings. Conclusion: R. panacihumi DCY116^T can be used as potential PGPR and "plant strengthener" for future cultivation of ginseng or other crops/plants that are grown in regions with heavy metal exposure.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.131-137
• /
• 2006

충북, 충남, 강원도 일대에서 채취한 토양시료로부터 Bt 균주를 분리하고 이들 균주 중 세포내 내독소 단백질 결정체를 형성한 10개의 균주를 분리하여 균체생산수율과 살충력이 뛰어난 균주를 선발하기 위해서 배양 및 생물검정 시험을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 배추좀나방에 대한 살충력은 물론이고, 파밤나방과 담배거세미나방에 대한 살충력도 상대적으로 높고, 배추좀나방 저항성 계통에 대한 살충력이 우수하면서 균체량과 활성포자수가 많은 GB-413 균주를 최종 선발하였다. 선발된 균주의 상업적 생산 적용을 위해 배양특성 및 배양 공정 최적화 실험을 수행하였다. 탄소원인 초기 포도당 농도를 낮추어 포자형성이 유도되도록 배지조성을 변경하고 배양 중에 탄소원을 첨가하는 방식으로 배양공정을 변경한 결과, 포자형성율과 활성포자수가 증가하였고 포자형성시간 및 배양시간이 단축되었으며, 살충확성의 저하는 나타나지 않았다. 이렇게 최적화된 생산배지 및 공정을 5톤 발효조 배양에 최종 적용한 결과 유사한 배양결과를 얻어 상업화생산을 위한 대량배양의 가능성을 높여주었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제19권7호
• /
• pp.112-124
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 유아의 숲동화 구연학습이 자기감정조절과 공동체의식 함양에 미치는 효과를 밝히는데 목적을 갖고 S시소재 유아 40명을 대상으로 8주간 16회기 실험 연구 하였다. 연구결과 전체적으로 숲동화 구연학습을 한 실험집단이 통제집단보다 높게 나타나 실험집단의 숲동화 구연학습의 유용성을 입증해주었다. 특히 공동체의식 요인의 기본생활 습관과 공동체 의식, 사회성발달, 자기인식에서 모두 실험집단이 비교집단에 비해 높게 나타났다. 이는 숲 체험 활동에서의 자연과에서 소통과 함께 동화소재를 자연 속에서 읽으면서 듣고 직접 체험함으로써 유아들이 동화를 통해 주의 집중하고 자연과의 교감 속에 자연 그대로 느끼는 순수한 감성을 바탕으로 또래와 함께 상호 협력하고 공존을 위한 관계 향상은 물론 원칙과 질서를 지키고 이를 실천하려는 소중한 마음이 동화 속 이야기와 함께 자기감정조절까지 증가시킴을 실증해준 것으로 볼 수 있다. 이같은 결과는 숲 활동에 있어 단순한 놀이나 교육 중심에서 벗어나 숲동화 연계 활동을 통해 감정조절 뿐만 아니라 공동체의식 향상에도 긍정적인 교육효과를 가져다 줌에 따라 이의 활용이 보다 확산될 필요가 있음을 시사한 것으로 평가할 수 있다.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.121-131
• /
• 2017

본 연구에서는 참나무 수종을 달리하여 톱밥재배한 표고의 항산화 활성을 알아보기 위해 건조된 표고를 70% methanol로 추출하여 총 폴리페놀 함량, 총 플라보노이드 함량, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 라디칼 소거활성, ferric reducing antioxidant capacity(FRAP), reducing power를 측정하였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량과 총 플라보노이드 함량을 측정한 결과, 갈참나무로 톱밥재배 한 표고가 3.12 mg GAE/g과 0.84 mg QE/g으로 다른 수종에 비해 가장 높게 나타났다. DPPH 라디칼 소거활성 측정 결과, 10 mg/mL일 때 다른 수종에서 재배한 표고에 비해 갈참나무(89.4%)와 상수리나무(87.9%)에서 가장 높았다. FRAP은 갈참나무일 때 0.425로 가장 높게 나타났고, reducing power도 역시 갈참나무에서 0.359로 가장 높게 나타내었다. 참나무 수종에 따른 표고의 항산화 활성은 갈참나무로 톱밥재배한 것이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과로 동일한 균주를 이용하더라도 톱밥재료에 따라 표고의 항산화 활성이 차이가 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 2005

We investigated the changes of fibrinolytic and antioxidative activities of wild or cultivated Codonopsis lanceolata, which were packed in woven polypropylene (WP) film or low density polyethylene (LDPE) film and stored for 0, 15, and 30 days at refrigerated $(2\~4^{\circ}C)$ or room $(l8\~20^{\circ}C)$ temperature (So we have 16 samples, and wrote them as the abbreviated words such as W-WP-RE-15, W-WP-RO-15, W-LDPE-RE-15, W-LDPE-RO-15, W-WP-RE-30, W-WP-RO-30, W-LDPE-RE-30, W-LDPE-RO-30, C-WP-RE-15, C-WP-RO-15, C-LDPE-RE-15, C-LDPE-RO-15, C-WP-RE-30, C-WP-RO-30, C-LDPE-RE-30, C-LDPE-RO-30). Fibrinolytic activity of fresh Codonopsis lanceolata cultivated in the mountain or field were 0.8 unit (plasmin unit/ml) or 7.3 units, respectively. In descending order, the activities of wild Codonopsis lanceolata stored for 15 days were as followed; LDPE-RE (0.70 unit), WP-RO (0.52 unit), WP-RE (0.45 unit), and LDPE-RO (0.30 unit). After 30 days, fibrinolytic activities of them decreased to 0.47 unit (LDPE-RE), 0.28 unit (WP-RO), 0.21 unit (WP-RE), and 0.30 unit (LDPE-RO). Considering from the point of fibrinolytic activity, the optimal storage condition of wild Codonopsis lanceolata was packing with LDPE film and storing at $4^{\circ}C$. The change of fibrinolytic activities of Codonopsis lanceolata cultivated in the field revealed the similar trend as wild samples, but the fibrinolytic activities of 30 days-stored samples were maintained better than the wild Codonopsis lanceolata. Fibinolytic activity of wild Codonopsis lancealata was increased by heating for 5 min at $100^{\circ}C$ and decreased by addition of NaCl. Antioxidative activities of Codonopsis lanceolata were also compared from the electron donating activity. Fresh Codonopsis lanceolata had about $70\%$ of electron donating activity. Independent of cultivation area, electron donating activity dropped to $19\~74\%$ (wild Codonopsis lanceolata) and $27\~59\%$ (cultivated Codonopsis lanceolata) during 15 days storage. But after 30 days storage, we obtained the unexpected results, which meant that the activities were higher activities than 15 days-stored samples or even though the fresh samples. In general, Codonopsis lanceolata could maintain antioxidative activities most strongly with LDPE film and chilled condition.

• 한국자연치유학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.16-23
• /
• 2023

배경: 우리나라에서 노인에 대한 음악치료 지표에 관한 연구가 미진하여 연구의 필요성이 높다. 목적: 본 연구는 노인의 음악치료 효과 증진을 위한 음악 유형 및 활동에 대한 선호도 조사를 통해 음악치료 중재 프로그램 활용 방안을 제시하는 것에 목적을 둔다. 방법: 음악 선호도 조사를 위해 4개의 요양원에 있는 91명의 노인을 대상으로 진행하였다. 설문은 선호하는 노래와 악기의 유형, 음악치료에서 적용되는 음악적 활동(음악 감상, 노래 활동, 악기 연주, 음악적 움직임, 연주회 중심 활동)에 대한 선호도를 선택할 수 있도록 했다. 결과: 노인들은 대중가요와 민요를 선호했고, 노래를 들으며 움직이는 것을 가장 좋아하는 것으로 파악되었다. 음악적 활동 분야는 악기 연주를 가장 선호했으며, 악기는 무율 악기(리듬 악기) 중 드럼 종류와 쉐이커 종류를 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 이 연구 결과는 음악치료의 중요성이 부각되고 있는 노인을 위한 음악치료의 임상적인 효과를 높이기 위한 효율적인 중재 프로그램 구성을 위해 유용한 자료가 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2010

Environmental-friendly agriculture (EFA) is defined as the cultivation of crops with reduced amounts or without chemical-synthetic pesticides. Recently, the use of chemical pesticides has decreased significantly; therefore, we cultivated peppers following EFA- and conventional methods and compared their antioxidant activities. To accomplish this, the environmental-friendly cultivated peppers (EFPE) and conventionally cultivated peppers (CCPE) were extracted with 70% methanol and the effects of the extracts on the cell viability, intracellular ROS generation, lipid peroxidation and catalase activity of HepG2 cells were evaluated. EFPE showed a stronger protective effect against oxidative stress induced-cell death than that of CCPE. EFPE also reduced intracellular ROS generation (42.7% to 26.4%) following treatment with hydrogen peroxide more effectively than that of CCPE (24.2% to 6.3%). Furthermore, EFPE and CCPE showed protective effects against lipid peroxidation and induced catalase activity, although these effects were not statistically significant. Taken together, these results suggest that EFPE showed stronger antioxidant activities than CCPE, and thus represent evidence that EFA with biocontrol materials may improve the functional properties of crops and/or secondary metabolites with antioxidant activities when compared with conventional agricultural practices.